As a special art of the music performances, the vocal music is different from the philosophy and the social sciences, which is reflected not through the theoretical explanation or the theoretical researches, but shoul...As a special art of the music performances, the vocal music is different from the philosophy and the social sciences, which is reflected not through the theoretical explanation or the theoretical researches, but should reflect the connotation of its own through the form of manifestation of the specific voices. At present, in the vocal music teaching in our country, different teachcrs will carry out the explanation combined with the related theoretical knowledgc and their own experience in the vocal music teaching. In the theoretical teaching, often they will use the related Irainlng methods, and the application of the training methods fully shows the quality of the teaching work, which will often under the influence of the stage art practice. The theoretical teaching is only to impart the theoretical knowledge of the vocal music to the students, but in the aspect of the specific practice, wc will need the support of the stage art practice. In this paper, with the importance of the stage art practice in the vocal music teaching as the research object, based on the analysis of the present situation ofthc vocal music teaching, this paper discusscs the relationship bctween thc stage art practice and the vocal music teaching, and the specific application of the stage practice in the vocal music teaching, and analyzes the importance of the stage art practice in the vocal music teaching, in order to promote the application of the stage art practice in the teaching of the vocal music art, and improve the levels of the vocal music teaching in China.展开更多
Cat vocal behavior, in particular, the vocal and social behavior of feral cats, is poorly understood, as are the differences between feral and fully domestic cats. The relationship between feral cat social and vocal b...Cat vocal behavior, in particular, the vocal and social behavior of feral cats, is poorly understood, as are the differences between feral and fully domestic cats. The relationship between feral cat social and vocal behavior is important because of the markedly different ecology of feral and domestic cats, and enhanced comprehension of the repertoire and potential information content of feral cat calls can provide both better understanding of the domestication and socialization process, and improved welfare for feral cats undergoing adoption. Previous studies have used conflicting classi- fication schemes for cat vocalizations, often relying on onomatopoeic or popular descriptions of call types （e.g., ＂miow＇）. We studied the vocalizations of 13 unaltered domestic cats that complied with our behavioral definition used to distinguish feral cats from domestic. A total of 71 acoustic units were extracted and visually analyzed for the construction of a hierarchical classification of vocal sounds, based on acoustic properties. We identified 3 major categories （tonal, pulse, and broadband） that further breakdown into 8 subcategories, and show a high degree of reliability when sounds are classified blindly by independent observers （Fleiss＇ Kappa K= 0.863）. Due to the limited behavioral contexts in this study, additional subcategories of cat vocalizations may be identified in the future, but our hierarchical classification system allows for the addition of new categories and new subcategories as they are described. This study shows that cat vocalizations are diverse and complex, and provides an objective and reliable classification system that can be used in future studies.展开更多
文摘As a special art of the music performances, the vocal music is different from the philosophy and the social sciences, which is reflected not through the theoretical explanation or the theoretical researches, but should reflect the connotation of its own through the form of manifestation of the specific voices. At present, in the vocal music teaching in our country, different teachcrs will carry out the explanation combined with the related theoretical knowledgc and their own experience in the vocal music teaching. In the theoretical teaching, often they will use the related Irainlng methods, and the application of the training methods fully shows the quality of the teaching work, which will often under the influence of the stage art practice. The theoretical teaching is only to impart the theoretical knowledge of the vocal music to the students, but in the aspect of the specific practice, wc will need the support of the stage art practice. In this paper, with the importance of the stage art practice in the vocal music teaching as the research object, based on the analysis of the present situation ofthc vocal music teaching, this paper discusscs the relationship bctween thc stage art practice and the vocal music teaching, and the specific application of the stage practice in the vocal music teaching, and analyzes the importance of the stage art practice in the vocal music teaching, in order to promote the application of the stage art practice in the teaching of the vocal music art, and improve the levels of the vocal music teaching in China.
文摘Cat vocal behavior, in particular, the vocal and social behavior of feral cats, is poorly understood, as are the differences between feral and fully domestic cats. The relationship between feral cat social and vocal behavior is important because of the markedly different ecology of feral and domestic cats, and enhanced comprehension of the repertoire and potential information content of feral cat calls can provide both better understanding of the domestication and socialization process, and improved welfare for feral cats undergoing adoption. Previous studies have used conflicting classi- fication schemes for cat vocalizations, often relying on onomatopoeic or popular descriptions of call types （e.g., ＂miow＇）. We studied the vocalizations of 13 unaltered domestic cats that complied with our behavioral definition used to distinguish feral cats from domestic. A total of 71 acoustic units were extracted and visually analyzed for the construction of a hierarchical classification of vocal sounds, based on acoustic properties. We identified 3 major categories （tonal, pulse, and broadband） that further breakdown into 8 subcategories, and show a high degree of reliability when sounds are classified blindly by independent observers （Fleiss＇ Kappa K= 0.863）. Due to the limited behavioral contexts in this study, additional subcategories of cat vocalizations may be identified in the future, but our hierarchical classification system allows for the addition of new categories and new subcategories as they are described. This study shows that cat vocalizations are diverse and complex, and provides an objective and reliable classification system that can be used in future studies.
