Iris Murdoch is a renowned female novelist and philosopher in the 20th century English literature. In her literary creation, she has a preference for male narration and holds a reserved attitude to women＇s movements ...Iris Murdoch is a renowned female novelist and philosopher in the 20th century English literature. In her literary creation, she has a preference for male narration and holds a reserved attitude to women＇s movements with reluctance to be considered as a feminist writer, which permits her realistic depiction of female characters and dispassionate thought on women＇s problems. This paper, with the interpretation and redefinition of the concepts as consciousness, identity, and self in Murdoch＇s philosophy, analyzes the fragmented self of three female figures in The Flight from the Enchanter （1956） respectively from the perspectives of self-consciousness, identity, and self and reveals that the fragmentation of female selfhood is mainly due to the overwhelming male dominance in the gender relationship.展开更多
Bringing the aspect of ＂gender＂ into translation studies, feminism gave fresh impetus to the ＂Cultural Turn＂ for translation studies in 1990s. Feminist translation theory puts forward its viewpoints on the role of...Bringing the aspect of ＂gender＂ into translation studies, feminism gave fresh impetus to the ＂Cultural Turn＂ for translation studies in 1990s. Feminist translation theory puts forward its viewpoints on the role of gender and approves of translators＇ gender role in the interpretation of the original text. It seems that gender is of no more importance than other factors, such as nationality, class, and ideology of translators. Translation and women have been long associated with each other for they both occupy peripheral positions. The conventional view holding sway is that a translation is considered a secondary work dependent on, and subservient to, the original text, just as women are assigned dependent functions under patriarchal power. Unsatisfied with the notion that translator, translation and women are all relegated to the inferior class, feminist translators do their utmost to cast away the conventional sexism ideas in translation studies and social ideology. The core of feminist translation theory is： ＂identify and critique the tangle of concepts which relegates both women and translation to the bottom of the social and literary ladder＂ （Simon 1996：1）. In order to realize the dream to overthrow patriarchal domination and make themselves visible, feminist translators seek to emphasize their identity and ideological stance in the translation project. Feminist translators are no longer invisible. They have the right to revise, manipulate and occupy the source text. Feminist translation is nothing but the translators＇ creative treason from the perspective of feminism. The thesis first systematically summarizes the present feminist translation theories, followed by a detailed analysis of some gender-related translation issues, especially the relationship between language and gender. After the analysis of some cases from the feminist translators, different translation approaches adopted are explored to show the peculiar characteristics of feminist translation.展开更多
The whole world knows that England has her Mary Wollstonecraft and France has her Simone de Beauvoir as feminists, but the world knows a very little that Bengal also has her Rokeya Shakhawat Hossain, an intrepid femin...The whole world knows that England has her Mary Wollstonecraft and France has her Simone de Beauvoir as feminists, but the world knows a very little that Bengal also has her Rokeya Shakhawat Hossain, an intrepid feminist, who struggled till the last day of her life for the perfectly right assessment of the neglected Indian women, was born in 1880, in Pairaband, a small village in British India which now lies in the north-western part of present-day Bangladesh. She pioneered women＇s advancement and led the way to enlightening and empowering women breaking all the traditional social barriers. When the whole women folk were utterly distressed, deprived, and drowned under the dirt of illiteracy, fanaticism, superstitions, and prejudices and could not think of equal rights and freedom, she raised her voice through her writings and worked to uplift the fortune of women, instilled a sense of renaissance in them and led them to tasting the flavor of freedom opposed to the current of patriarchal social views. Based on this bold attitude toward female emancipation, Rokeya can easily be acclaimed as a feminist whereas some critics have viewed her as a Muslim or Islamic feminist which is nothing but an immature attempt to underestimate her genius. It was true that she was brought up in an Islamic cultural milieu and tried to educate the then lagged behind Muslim girls which, the critics probably cogitated as the main aim of her life overlooking the universality of women＇s problems she dealt with and her non-sectarian outlook of life. In fact, she sprang up beyond the limitations the society placed upon her and was boldly vocal about the freedom of women irrespective of their distinctive faiths and social customs. This paper, therefore, aims at exploring Rokeya＇s Istrijatir Abanati （Woman＇s Downfall） （1903） with a view to showing her firm determination, endeavors, and voice to emancipate women, and advocating her as a concerned feminist.展开更多
Tess of the d＇ Urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy, describes the misfortune and tragedy of a poor peasant girl named Tess, the cause of which has always been the concern of people. ...Tess of the d＇ Urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy, describes the misfortune and tragedy of a poor peasant girl named Tess, the cause of which has always been the concern of people. This passage will inquire into the cause of her tragedy from a critical point of view of feminism. In this passage, we can know the Tess takes shape from a social developing procession, man-made morality and the male writer. Then this article concludes that the consciousness of the females are given by the society in which they lived and the liberation of the females must be based on the awakening of self-consciousness and the change of moral sense of mortality in society.展开更多
Based on the interviews with 34 Chinese abused women in domestic violence,which is referred to husband physical violence against wife in the family,analyses the cultural and institutional mechanisms of producing and r...Based on the interviews with 34 Chinese abused women in domestic violence,which is referred to husband physical violence against wife in the family,analyses the cultural and institutional mechanisms of producing and reproducing of the unequal gender relation in China.The setup of men over women remains as profound reasons of unequal gender relation in China.The essence of domestic violence is male realizing his ruling by controlling the body of female.The present gender inequality incorporate that women lack source of politic,culture and economic,and shaped the abused women reflexive constitution of the husbands abusing actions and their justification of the abusing actions which have encouraged the continuation of the violence.The production and reproduction of the unequal gender relation can be defined as a structural duality——the gender inequality embedded in the gender interaction of the daily life,meanwhile this kind of inequality is reproduced and continued by reflexive constitution done by the actor,especially,by the female actor.展开更多
文摘Iris Murdoch is a renowned female novelist and philosopher in the 20th century English literature. In her literary creation, she has a preference for male narration and holds a reserved attitude to women＇s movements with reluctance to be considered as a feminist writer, which permits her realistic depiction of female characters and dispassionate thought on women＇s problems. This paper, with the interpretation and redefinition of the concepts as consciousness, identity, and self in Murdoch＇s philosophy, analyzes the fragmented self of three female figures in The Flight from the Enchanter （1956） respectively from the perspectives of self-consciousness, identity, and self and reveals that the fragmentation of female selfhood is mainly due to the overwhelming male dominance in the gender relationship.
文摘Bringing the aspect of ＂gender＂ into translation studies, feminism gave fresh impetus to the ＂Cultural Turn＂ for translation studies in 1990s. Feminist translation theory puts forward its viewpoints on the role of gender and approves of translators＇ gender role in the interpretation of the original text. It seems that gender is of no more importance than other factors, such as nationality, class, and ideology of translators. Translation and women have been long associated with each other for they both occupy peripheral positions. The conventional view holding sway is that a translation is considered a secondary work dependent on, and subservient to, the original text, just as women are assigned dependent functions under patriarchal power. Unsatisfied with the notion that translator, translation and women are all relegated to the inferior class, feminist translators do their utmost to cast away the conventional sexism ideas in translation studies and social ideology. The core of feminist translation theory is： ＂identify and critique the tangle of concepts which relegates both women and translation to the bottom of the social and literary ladder＂ （Simon 1996：1）. In order to realize the dream to overthrow patriarchal domination and make themselves visible, feminist translators seek to emphasize their identity and ideological stance in the translation project. Feminist translators are no longer invisible. They have the right to revise, manipulate and occupy the source text. Feminist translation is nothing but the translators＇ creative treason from the perspective of feminism. The thesis first systematically summarizes the present feminist translation theories, followed by a detailed analysis of some gender-related translation issues, especially the relationship between language and gender. After the analysis of some cases from the feminist translators, different translation approaches adopted are explored to show the peculiar characteristics of feminist translation.
文摘The whole world knows that England has her Mary Wollstonecraft and France has her Simone de Beauvoir as feminists, but the world knows a very little that Bengal also has her Rokeya Shakhawat Hossain, an intrepid feminist, who struggled till the last day of her life for the perfectly right assessment of the neglected Indian women, was born in 1880, in Pairaband, a small village in British India which now lies in the north-western part of present-day Bangladesh. She pioneered women＇s advancement and led the way to enlightening and empowering women breaking all the traditional social barriers. When the whole women folk were utterly distressed, deprived, and drowned under the dirt of illiteracy, fanaticism, superstitions, and prejudices and could not think of equal rights and freedom, she raised her voice through her writings and worked to uplift the fortune of women, instilled a sense of renaissance in them and led them to tasting the flavor of freedom opposed to the current of patriarchal social views. Based on this bold attitude toward female emancipation, Rokeya can easily be acclaimed as a feminist whereas some critics have viewed her as a Muslim or Islamic feminist which is nothing but an immature attempt to underestimate her genius. It was true that she was brought up in an Islamic cultural milieu and tried to educate the then lagged behind Muslim girls which, the critics probably cogitated as the main aim of her life overlooking the universality of women＇s problems she dealt with and her non-sectarian outlook of life. In fact, she sprang up beyond the limitations the society placed upon her and was boldly vocal about the freedom of women irrespective of their distinctive faiths and social customs. This paper, therefore, aims at exploring Rokeya＇s Istrijatir Abanati （Woman＇s Downfall） （1903） with a view to showing her firm determination, endeavors, and voice to emancipate women, and advocating her as a concerned feminist.
文摘Tess of the d＇ Urbervilles, the greatest novel of British famous writer Thomas Hardy, describes the misfortune and tragedy of a poor peasant girl named Tess, the cause of which has always been the concern of people. This passage will inquire into the cause of her tragedy from a critical point of view of feminism. In this passage, we can know the Tess takes shape from a social developing procession, man-made morality and the male writer. Then this article concludes that the consciousness of the females are given by the society in which they lived and the liberation of the females must be based on the awakening of self-consciousness and the change of moral sense of mortality in society.
文摘Based on the interviews with 34 Chinese abused women in domestic violence,which is referred to husband physical violence against wife in the family,analyses the cultural and institutional mechanisms of producing and reproducing of the unequal gender relation in China.The setup of men over women remains as profound reasons of unequal gender relation in China.The essence of domestic violence is male realizing his ruling by controlling the body of female.The present gender inequality incorporate that women lack source of politic,culture and economic,and shaped the abused women reflexive constitution of the husbands abusing actions and their justification of the abusing actions which have encouraged the continuation of the violence.The production and reproduction of the unequal gender relation can be defined as a structural duality——the gender inequality embedded in the gender interaction of the daily life,meanwhile this kind of inequality is reproduced and continued by reflexive constitution done by the actor,especially,by the female actor.
