开拓民主党派参政议政和社会服务工作相结合的新思路

坚持和完善中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度,是建设我国社会主义民主政治的重要保证。民主党派要认真履行参政党的职责,搞好参政议政工作,就需要深入基层,开展大量的调查研究活动,获取更多更深入的信息,才能真正发挥参政党的职能,向党委、政府提出真知灼见。民主党派基本没有县级组织,而参政议政又必须开展大量调研工作,通过基层才能了解得到可靠的信息。如何与县级以下建立畅通的联系渠道,掌握来自基层反映的情况,是提高调研质量的重要途径。

Study on the Relationship between Tourist Influence and Residents' Sense of Community:An Empirical Study from Changdao Countyin Shandong Province

Residents' sense of community is an important prerequisite to promote the development of community.Tourism has significant influence on residents' sense of community.An empirical study from Changdao shows that economy and life conflict caused by tourism can affect neighborhood-friendly and community participation significantly.Culture,environment and social services from tourism can significantly affect community association,community care and place recognition.Therefore,the regional managers should pay attention to allocate revenues in the residents fairly and protect own culture to avoid the negative impact from tourism.

Maintain Vigilance at “Three Forgottens” in Higher Education

Institutions of higher learning occupy an important position in the development of the society and also play a vital role. In China, the institutions of higher learning have played a due role around talent training, scientific research and social service in the process of higher education, but the number of trained talents is only focused in talent training and the moral ability training is neglected. In scientific research, the number of research projects and achievements is only pursued and the ＂profound learning＂ is forgotten to pursue; institutions of higher learning excessively participate in social life and social services, but forget to abide by the limited principle to participate in social service, etc. All these problems are worthy of attention.

Evaluating Value of Natural Landscapes in China

Natural landscapes consist of the natural substances, environment, and phenomena, all of which provide many benefits to people, including a sense of place, sightseeing, relaxing, and recuperating. However, the economic value of natural landscapes has only been recognized in recent decades, and the resulting large-scale decline and degradation of ecosystems now severely threatens the sustainable provision of their services to society. There is an emerging consensus that natural capital should be incorporated into the current socioeconomic accounting system. Many studies valuated natural resources at local and regional scales, but there are very few empirical studies at a national level. To provide a benchmark for natural landscape management on a national scale, we use the travel cost method(TCM) and the contingent valuation method(CVM) to determine the economic value and the spatial distribution of natural landscapes across China. Our results show that the total economic value of China′s natural landscape was 9.75 × 10^(11) U.S. dollars(USD) in 2012. Of this value, the highest proportion was in the eastern and southwestern regions of China, which accounts for 23.7% and 18.3%, respectively. The provinces of Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, and Heilongjiang were the top five in terms of the largest number of natural landscapes and largest economic values. Together, these five provinces accounted for 32.9% of the total number of natural landscapes and 29.4% of the total economic value in 2012. We believe this study will increase awareness of the value of natural landscapes, and more importantly provide a scientific basis for resolving conflicts between development and resource conservation.

Integrating Sustainable Development into Global Institutions:Reforming the United Nations

This article will briefly outline the origins,structure and functions of United Nations Environment Program and the Commission on Sustainable Development in the context of the goals of ecologically sustainable development(ESD).Economic development,social development and environmental protection form the three interconnected parts of ESD.The achievements of the key UN environmental institutions and programs in opening up the global system to civil society,the private sector and a diversity of actors and interests,promoting the role of poverty alleviation as part of ESD through the Millennium Development Goals,and facilitating important Multilateral Environmental Agreements should be recognized.However,with these notable exceptions,organizations such as United Nations Environment Program and the Commission on Sustainable Development have become weak in scientific and technical leadership,global policy,co-ordination(inside and outside the UN) and has few achievements in the international and national implementation of obligations and standards in Global Environmental Governance-including enforcement,compliance and effectiveness.This article will outline the key reasons for this inadequacy.Attention will also be focused on the way forward through of a new United Nations Environment Organization.This will require a clarification of purpose and function(within the UN system and as part of global governance structures) as well as consideration of whether it depends on system-wide UN reform.It is recommended that medium and long term strategies for reform are necessary.

The Global Science of Integrated Water Governance

Abstract： This study discusses the benefits of establishing a broader discipline of water science, based on the organizing mechanism of PES-W （payments for ecosystem services on the watershed scale）. PES-W is derived from an extension of governance analyses of 163 watershed-based PES （payments for ecosystem services） programs, and from the integrative decision mechanism of IPES （integrated payments for ecosystem services） to generalize the PES approach. PES-W reflects three interrelated perspectives fundamental to the global science of integrated water governance： （1） the ecological and economic perspective to integrate human incentives for integrated water resources governance; （2） the sociological and ecological perspective to form partnerships for meta-monitoring and recta-funding for integrated watershed governance; and （3） the scientific and sociological perspective to develop organizing botmdaries based on technology, lifestyle, entrepreneurship and organizing infrastructure for integrated aquatic ecosystem governance. This study is intended to communicate with the international scientific communities for establishing an advanced, academic, and practical multidisciplinary field of the global science of integrated water governance as a critical condition for sustainable development in human societies.

Tourist Industry Promotion： Aim to Introduce Thai Local Foods Matching With Northern Program＇s Tours to Serve Sustainable Tourism

Tourist industry had been promoted and become one of the important strategies of Thai government for socioeconomic development for years and become successful by ranking--Thailand becomes well-known as top ranking to visit from tourists around the world. When people travel, foods are always needed to fulfill human needs and the satisfaction of the travelers. The objectives of the research were to： （1） survey and determine the local food image and identity of Northern region of Thailand to support tourist industry; （2） survey program＇s tourism in Thailand and study the promotion of local food that had added in the programs＇ tours as tourist destination; （3） find out the possibility of local food and culture for promotion in tourist industry of Northern region in Thailand; （4） develop gastronomy tourism＇s routing. The population were the subject persons who are experts in tourist industry, Northern foods restaurant owner, and program＇s tour. Mixed method was used for data collection and analysis. The result of the research is revealed into four parts： Phase 1： （1） Thai Northern region had been divided into two part： upper Northern and lower Northern region. There are eight provinces in upper Northern region： Chingmai, Chingrai, Lampoon, Lampang, Prayao, Phare, Nan, and Mae-Hongsorn. Chingmai was the capital of ＂Lanna territory （1558-1774）＂ rich with culture; （2） Upper Northern local foods related to the legend, have their own characters and are still available to get to eat; （3） Northern local food contained with Northern ingredient and indicated as geographical indications; （4） The lower Northern region related with ＂Sukhothai territory （1157-1370）＂, Sukhothai was the capital. There are six provinces in the region： Sukhothai, U-taradid, Tag, Kampangpet, Pidsanuloak, and Petchaboon. Food of the lower Northern provinces had their own characteristics but some of the dishes were influenced with Chinese cuisine, such as noodles. Phase 2： Most of tour companies had included local food in the tour programs to promote Northern local foods in low level. Phase 3： Life＇s pathway of the Northern people lived related to the three seasons： rainy season, cool season, and summer. Each season had different kinds of vegetables and fruits which influence the menus and foods. Eating foods as medicine also related to the season, such as shallot and garlic had added more in foods in cool season, in order to prevent cold of family＇s members. Northern life style always celebrated in all ceremonies with foods, snack, and sweet, such as： wedding, cremation, and community cerebrations which may be promoted in tour program as their ways of living with sustainable, in order to promote socioeconomic development in the community. Phase 4： The gastronomy tourism was developed into five routings to promote tourist industry in the Northern part of Thailand as the following： （1） gateway to reach ＂Lanna＂; （2）window to visit the Northern part of Thailand; （3） pay respect to the Buddha and visit dynasty heritage; （4） visit the peaceful and tranquilly heritage; and （5） visit Thailand＇s border with boundless. Conclusion： Thai local lifestyle, culture, and local foods in the Northern part of Thailand, contained rich image and identity of history, legend, and human diversity, which are worth and valuable for promoting as tourist industry in the Northern part of Thailand and also conserved job absorption and community development. Therefore the government of Thailand and tour companies ought to promote Thai local foods as value added and tourist industry which also benefit for the sustainable socioeconomic development in long future.

Analyzing on the Characteristics of Several Typical Financial Behavior of Loss Listed Companies in China

In combination with socio-economic development of China＇s current status, this article analyzes the characteristics of several typical financial behavior of loss listed companies in China. Among them, the debt financing behavior have a high level, a single means, a short-term structured and other characteristics, the corporate governance behavior have a goal of collaborative, several forms, and a complex environment, the earnings management behavior have diverse motives, many types of means, bigger range and other features, the asset restructuring behavior have a passive subject, methods of differentiation, performance-oriented features such as myopia.

Overview of Vietnamese Accounting System Since 1975 and the Process of Vietnam＇s Convergence to IFRS

The development of accounting systems is influenced by socio-economic characteristics at each stage. The paper explores the impact of the characteristics of political institutions at every stage in the development of social economy, which determines the objects using accounting information, as well as the legal accounting system issued so that accounting can meet the demand for accounting information of these objects in Vietnam from 1975 to the present. Based on studies by authors in this period as well as issued accounting documents system, this paper aims to point out the formation and development process of Vietnam accounting system, providing researchers and elaborating agencies with a basis for determining the right development direction of Vietnam accounting in the coming time.

Trend of Final Energy Intensity Changes in Lao PDR

While being developed, Lao society and economy have gradually shifted from agricultural-based to service-industrial oriented one. As a result, final energy consumption has rapidly changed. This paper studied a trend of changes in final energy intensity by looking at sector-wide energy demand and shares in gross domestic products. It was found that intensity of total final energy consumption in Lao PDR （People＇s Democratic Republic） gradually decreased during the last decades. This was resulted of high stable economic growth and comparatively slow growth in energy demand. Furthermore, Lao economy still relays mainly on less-energy intensive economic sectors, such as services and traditional agriculture. Although energy intensities of the industry, transportation and services sectors continuously decreased, but have slowed down in recent years. Moreover, energy intensity of agricultural sector continues increasing. All these facts give a ground for thinking that in the future, when socio-economic development of the country will reach higher level, there will be more energy consuming activities, then energy demand will increase while economic growth will slow down, and therefore, energy intensity is to increase. Knowledge on trend of energy consumption changes would be useful for predicting energy demand and securing energy supply in the future.