合作机制、社会平衡发展与提高竞争力——以德国的经验为例

在全球化背景下,每个国家都为提高自身的竞争力而努力,但在推动竞争力提高的过程中,人们往往更为重视一些能够直接促进经济发展和进步的因素。本文作者认为社会平衡发展也是竞争力的重要组成部分。因此本文将从欧洲国家德国的经验出发探讨如何通过建立和完善社会对话与合作机制,不仅推动社会平衡发展、同时促进一个地区和国家竞争力的提高。

China＇s Economic Outlook into 2030： Transformation, Simulation and Policy Suggestions

This article discusses China＇s economic growth path and the potential challenges to becoming a high-income country by utilizing simulation to provide potential policy responses. The authors believe it is necessary to optimize spatial allocation and promote urbanization, but distorted urbanization must be avoided as it will only perpetuate the current problems. The core strategy is to change government behavior to allow the market to allocate resources. It is important to maintain stable growth in the short term and balance the economic structure in the medium- and long-term. In particular, optimizing spatial allocation must constitute a critical part of the policy adjustment. Only with a viable urbanization model can the country shift from the catch-up pursuit via industrialization to a balanced approach of sustainable growth. This can be done through gradual guidance and policy corrections. China should continue to uphold the ＂scientific concept of development＂ as the overarching principle governing socioeconomic development, and create a unique approach to sustainability where the economy grows steadily, sharing is universal and people live in harmony with nature.

Analysis on the Evolution of Regional Economic Disparity in the West Coast of the Strait

With the implementation of reform and opening-up, the overall economy of China has made brilliant achievements; meanwhile, however, the economic disparity has been enlarging among some regions, and between the city and the countryside. The existence and evolution of this kind of economic disparity is concerned with social stability, sustainable development and the construction of harmonious society, which has gradually become the hotspot in social economic development. The West Coast of the Strait (WCS) located in southeast littoral areas is adjacent to the Pearl and Yangtze River Delta in the south and north and faces Taiwan Province in the east. The stability and development of this region has vital political and economic meaning in the social eco-nomic development of our country. It has important theoretical meaning and practical value to research the form, characteristics and evolution of regional economic disparity in the WCS. Based on insightful analysis on existing study results on the WCS, the paper defines the connotation and extension. By a series of abso-lute and comparative relative evaluation indexes and taking the WCS since 1992 as the study object, the paper makes analysis on different scales including three regions, four regions, 20 cities and 152 counties, quantitatively evaluates the level, characteristics and evolution of the regional economic disparity and compares the regional economic disparity on different scales. The main conclu-sions are as follows: the variation trend of the absolute disparity of the whole region is obvious and stable, which has presented an inflating trend; the comparative variation trend on a large scale has waved, The comparative disparity of the three regions in-creased annually from 1992 to around 2000, which had a decreas-ing trend from around 2000 to 2005; the comparative variation trend on a small scale was not stable, which showed an annual increase of four regions, 20 cities and 152 counties from 1992 to around 2003 and a decrease from around 2003 to 2005; there were some correlations between the regional disparity and scale. In other words, the smaller the scale was, the bigger the disparity was.

新常态下中国总体公共政策的选择

总体公共政策(General Public Policy,简称GPP)是一个政策体系的重心和指南,会随着社会主要矛盾的变化而转变,对总体公共政策加以系统研究,有助于重大社会问题的预防和解决。文章回顾总体公共政策的概念思路,并对中国总体公共政策的发展转变进行梳理,认为中国在发展新常态下的总体公共政策正在从"以经济建设为中心"上升转型到"以经济建设为基础、社会经济动态平衡发展"。中共十九大报告指出中国特色社会主义进入新时代,社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。这与GPP研究结论高度一致。在贯彻落实中共十九大精神时,对GPP转变的理解有助于抓住社会不公等核心问题,以克服避重就轻等可能发生的倾向。

The detrimental effects of social capital on the balanced development of compulsory education and their governance

The balanced development of compulsory education,with a focus on the goal of educational equality,is both a matter of policy orientation and a practical educational issue.At present,people are mostly concerned with the unbalanced state of development of compulsory education,its causes,and issues regarding its administration.Various modes of production,policy choices,and institutional arrangements during different periods have been the practical,historical causes of differences in regional compulsory education,differences between urban and rural areas,and differences between schools.A direct consequence of the unbalanced development of compulsory education has been the emergence of irregularities in school selection.During the process of school selection,the strength of family and school social capital is increasingly influential,and it has increasingly negative effects:circumventing the policy of going to school near home,aggravating differences between families because of family and school social capital,and therefore damaging the prospect of educational equality.On this account,we present a constructive proposal for government policy to reduce the detrimental effects of social capital by means of reasonable policy choices and institutional arrangements.With prerequisite balanced allocation of school resources for compulsory education,the government reduces the role that family and social capital play in school selection and constructs a benignly competitive environment wherein school social capital works to placate social issues aroused by the intervention of the social capital of families and schools in school selection.