电力工程项目在经济管理中的社会成本效益分析

随着社会经济的不断发展,电力工程作为基础设施建设的关键领域,在推动产业发展、提高居民生活水平等方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,电力工程项目的实施往往伴随着巨大的社会成本,因此,在电力工程项目的规划、实施和管理中,需要充分考虑项目的社会成本效益,以实现经济、社会和环境的协调可持续发展。本文旨在深入探讨电力工程项目在经济管理中的社会成本效益,并提供系统性的分析框架,期望为电力工程领域的经济管理提供有益的理论支持和实际指导,促进电力工程项目的可持续发展。

西部地区发展并网光伏发电系统的社会成本效益分析与政策评价

该研究发展了一个用于评价并网光伏发电技术社会成本效益和政策的模型,选取西部地区一个规划中的8MWp并网光伏发电项目为案例,利用该模型对并网光伏发电技术的市场竞争力、社会成本效益和不同政策工具作用效果进行了定量分析,提出了促进并网光伏发电技术在中国西部地区发展的政策建议。

印度卡纳塔克流域开发项目的社会成本效益分析

为了提高和保持较高海拔的干旱和半干旱地区的生产力及生产潜力,印度通过适当的生产和保护措施,起动了流域开发项目。其目的是满足农业区对粮食、燃料、原料和木材的需求并减轻对天然林的压力。鉴于地区落后的自然资源基础和种植、提高收入水平的潜力,流域开发项目被印度发展计划优先考虑并得到大量捐助机构的赞助。本文对印度卡纳塔克流域开发项目的社会成本效益进行了评价。应用交潜生存力方法即净现值(NPV)、效益成本比率(BCR)、内部收益率(IIR)和精密的检测以及敏感性分析,结果表明如果期待的全部效益被实现,那么流域项目的效益是很高的,其内部收益率变动范围为19%～96%。但如果期待的全部效益以25%下跌,将对项目的净成本(包括以前村民在退化林地和乡村较早自由放牧的土地上建立社区林地的放牧效益的机会成本)产生损失。如果包括某些未调查的社区林地的直接效益和自然环境的其它间接效益,这些损失甚至可以忽略。本文研究结果表明,为改善印度干旱和半干旱地区的经济状况和生态条件而起动的流域开发项目在经济上是可行的,符合社会的需要。

基于成本效益矩阵的投资项目社会影响评价

本文借鉴国外发展的一种新的社会影响评价模型,即成本效益矩阵,来完善我国的社会影响评价体系。矩阵模型将项目的众多相关群体和个人包括其中,分析其经济性和非经济性的影响,进而得到比较客观和有价值的社会影响评价。该模型丰富了我国投资项目社会评价内容,规范投资项目社会评价过程,以保证投资决策真正是有利于全社会健康、稳定与可持续的发展。

我国的财务报表体系应增加社会责任的披露

企业作为社会的重要组成部分,承担着对自身经济利益和对社会的双重责任,要充分了解企业的经济信息,必须对其社会责任进行披露。应该根据我国的具体国情,选用适合各企业基本情况的方法和内容进行社会责任的披露。

Open pit limit optimization considering economic profit,ecological costs and social benefits

Pit limit design has,up to date,focused mainly on maximization of economic profit alone,with environmental and social issues largely ignored.This paper focuses on incorporating both environmental and social issues in the pit limit design process and provides an approach to pit limit optimization that is in compliance with sustainable development.The case study demonstrates that ecological costs have a substantial down-sizing effect and social benefits have a substantial up-sizing effect on the optimal pit limit.When the ecological costs are factored in,the optimal pit limit is 37.5%smaller than the economically optimal pit limit.However,when the social benefits are factored in,the optimal pit limit is 48.3%larger than the economically optimal one.The overall optimal pit limit,with the economic profit,ecological costs and social benefits simultaneously considered,is a result of balancing conflicting goals of maximizing economic profit,minimizing ecological cost,and maximizing social benefit.

A Comprehensive Audit of Corporate Social Responsibility

As enterprises expand globally, the social value of their operations is assessed on the full range of their contribution to society. Enterprises must be profitable to succeed, but they also should strategically align their operations so far as feasible and sustainable in order to address related social needs. This alignment includes not only the beneficial design and quality of goods and services an enterprise produces, but also enhancing the beneficial effects that its full range of business processes, systems, and practices have on society. A comprehensive enterprise corporate social responsibility （CSR） audit is based on two comprehensive social systems models---one of society as a whole and another of the corporate organization. By juxtaposing these two models--which are mirror images of each other--an enterprise can identify various points where its activities intersect with relevant social needs and can configure its operations so far as feasible to alleviate pressing social issues. Using a comparative cost-benefit analysis, the enterprise determines which systems, processes, and activities need to configure or adapt in order to better address the societal needs that are most critical for its success. They may require the enterprise to re-design products or services, develop new activities or desist in others, or reconfigure processes or systems. Thus, enterprises must decide which options are most feasible in light of the societal benefit they are likely to produce. As creatures of society, enterprises have much to gain by strengthening civil society and addressing its most pressing needs whenever possible within the limits of its commercial mission. What action to take depends upon the firm＇s cost-benefit analysis.

Comments on the development trend of the construction cost management in the new period

Building construction projects generally needs a long period, and there are many fixed factors in the process of building, therefore, the management of the project cost is a little difficult. On the basis that the quality of construction is not affected, the effective management of the project cost can effectively control the costs so that the economic and social benefits of the construction unit will be raised, and then continue to promote the development of construction industry in China.

Self-Dealing Among Convergence and Path-Dependency Opportunities： An Empirical Analysis of Regulatory From Six European Countries

Self-dealing refers to all kinds of transactions and operations diverting value from a company to corporate controllers. In order to tackle self-dealing, academics and regulators have emphasised the legal tools. However, there is a divergence between those supporting the existence of a benchmark model towards which to converge （convergence hypothesis） and those underscoring the importance of socio-economic factors on the efficacy of governance rules （path-dependency view）. The aim of this paper is to join in the convergence vs. path-dependency debate by focusing on the efficiency of mandatory rules and investigating their effectiveness. Considering the current market integration, the traditional cost-benefit analysis has been extended in order to embrace costs specifically associated to the issue of domestic rules in a global scenario. This analysis supports the convergence view and encourages at least a partial and gradual adjustment of national legislations towards the prevailing Anglo-Saxon model. In order to test this hypothesis, an examination of the self-dealing regulatory （on conflict of interests and self-dealing） adopted in some Western （Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom （UK）） and Eastern （Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland） European countries has been conducted.

Analysis on Human Resource Outsourcing in Chinese Government

Social and economic development, the deepening of the reform of our government have higher requirements, then the Government is an important step in the implementation of human resources outsourcing, is now the phenomenon of corporate human resources outsourcing has been very common, the Government also needs further enterprise, This paper studies the cost-benefit analysis of government human resource outsourcing by deepening the understanding of human resource management and the comparative analysis of government and enterprise human resource management to verify whether it is feasible and the way to outsource human resource management. The content has made the detailed analysis, to study our country government＇s human resources outsourcing question has the vital significance.

Active power regulation of wind power systems through demand response

With the specific characteristics of low-carbon intensity and economy,wind power has been widely promoted around the world.Due to the variable and intermittent nature of wind power production,the system has to frequently redispatch generators in order to ensure the effective use of wind power whilst maintaining system security.In this way,traditional generation costs are increased and the social benefit of wind power decreases indirectly.In this paper,a new regulation strategy based on power flow tracing was proposed,taking advantage of a comfort-constrained demand response strategy to follow the fluctuations of wind farm output,with the remaining imbalance of active power compensated by traditional generators.Examples showed that compared with conventional regulation,demand response could reduce the gross operating costs of the system,and the rapid response could help maintaining system stability in case of contingency.The strategy in this paper also applies to other large-scale integration problems associated with renewable energy resources which display short-term production variability.