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论营销观念的演进 被引量:1
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作者 肖飞 《中国农业银行武汉培训学院学报》 2005年第5期59-62,共4页
营销观念是在一定的经济基础上形成并随着社会经济的发展和市场形势的变化而不断创新发展的。是企业在组织和谋划营销活动过程中所依据的指导思想和行为准则,企业的市场营销活动是在特定的营销观念指导下进行的。在营销理论产生发展的... 营销观念是在一定的经济基础上形成并随着社会经济的发展和市场形势的变化而不断创新发展的。是企业在组织和谋划营销活动过程中所依据的指导思想和行为准则,企业的市场营销活动是在特定的营销观念指导下进行的。在营销理论产生发展的一个多世纪的时间里,无论是西方国家企业或我国企业营销观念都经历了从“生产导向”→“顾客导向”→“社会环境导向”→“竞争导向”→“整体导向”→“全球导向”的演进过程。 展开更多
关键词 生产导向 顾客导向 社会环境导向 竞争导向 整体导向 全球导向
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Consumption and Leisure Patterns of Youth in Turke
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作者 Guliz Mugan Akinci 《Journalism and Mass Communication》 2012年第11期1073-1083,共11页
Consumption-oriented daily life resulted in new forms of consumption spaces in many cities. Among these spaces, shopping malls are significant with their improved physical and social environments for consumption and l... Consumption-oriented daily life resulted in new forms of consumption spaces in many cities. Among these spaces, shopping malls are significant with their improved physical and social environments for consumption and leisure for all the family. One of the important marginalized groups, to whom the mall appeals, are young people. Within this framework, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the consumption and leisure practices and experiences of young people in Turkey from their point of view. Migros, a shopping mall in Ankara, was chosen as the site for this research, where both consumption and leisure practices are overlapping within the same space. The research was carried out through observation and in-depth interviews with 104 teenagers. The results indicated that shopping malls were the main leisure and consumption site for teenagers. Teenagers' choice of malls as their favorite leisure and consumption space were found to be the result of some factors such as restrictions which were provoked by their parents, security concerns, location of the mall, and accessibility and limited financial resources. These factors seemed to lead to restrictions in the choice of places to spend their leisure time and limit the use of leisure spaces other than malls. As a consumer group in the mall space, teenagers had some complaints about the prices of facilities which seemed to be influential on their choices of consumption and leisure practices in the mall environment. 展开更多
关键词 CONSUMPTION LEISURE shopping malls Turkish youth social and physical factors in the mall space
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从人工美化走向景观协同——解析新加坡社区公园的发展历程 被引量:12
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作者 张天洁 李泽 《建筑学报》 北大核心 2012年第10期26-31,共6页
从景观规划和设计角度解析新加坡社区公园50年来的发展轨迹,归纳不同阶段的主要特点:1960年代实用主义理念下的边角剩余绿地;1970年代人工美化的娱乐运动场;1980年代成熟新镇模式下的3级结构;1990年代国际绿道思潮下的公园连接道网络;2... 从景观规划和设计角度解析新加坡社区公园50年来的发展轨迹,归纳不同阶段的主要特点:1960年代实用主义理念下的边角剩余绿地;1970年代人工美化的娱乐运动场;1980年代成熟新镇模式下的3级结构;1990年代国际绿道思潮下的公园连接道网络;2000年代生态和环境视野下城市与自然的可持续景观协同。 展开更多
关键词 社区公园 景观规划与设计 景观协同 社会环境导向 新加坡
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