This study evaluated the reduction of water consumption in a SIH （social interest housing） complex from the simulation of implanting a rainwater harvesting system. The methodology consisted of characterization of th...This study evaluated the reduction of water consumption in a SIH （social interest housing） complex from the simulation of implanting a rainwater harvesting system. The methodology consisted of characterization of the case study, survey data of water consumption and data of precipitation in the area, on-site visits to define the average consumption and monthly water distribution, and sizing of a rainwater harvesting tank following the Netuno Program. It was obtained 22.500 L as the ideal volume for the tank, supplying the demand for drinkingwater in 32%, although the reduction in the drinking water bills would be minor, since the object of the case study is considered SIH, and residents pay a fixed fee for consuming up to 10 m3 per month. Therefore, it becomes necessary to analyze this situation from a sustainable and environmental perspective, and the benefits are no longer only economic, but rather they take on a more comprehensive social dimension.展开更多
China is at a crucial stage of overcoming the middle-income trap, with the factors that drive economic growth having undergone significant changes, and domestic consumption playing a more important role in economic gr...China is at a crucial stage of overcoming the middle-income trap, with the factors that drive economic growth having undergone significant changes, and domestic consumption playing a more important role in economic growth. It is necessary, at this point, to promote mass consumption by expanding the middle-income group. The present paper puts forward the concept of the ＂double middle-income traps.＂ This refers to the situation in which an economy＇s per capita output stagnates and the size of the middle- income group is unable to expand for an extended period of time. These two factors are closely related. Based on data from the Chinese Social Survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the present paper analyzes the scale and development of middle-income groups, and the relationship among middle- income groups, the middle-class and middle-class identity. The marginal consumption propensities of middle-income groups are also considered. The findings of the paper indicate that the expansion of the middle-income group plays an important role in promoting mass consumption, maintaining continuous and stable economic growth, and overcoming the double middle-income traps.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze people＇s confidence in political institutions in the BRICS countries： Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. I argue that the quality of macroeconomic indica...The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze people＇s confidence in political institutions in the BRICS countries： Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. I argue that the quality of macroeconomic indicators cannot explain the variation in political confidence between the five most dynamic new emerging economies, and that there is no substantial difference among young, middle-aged, and senior-agent groups. By combing data from the Asia Barometer Survey and the World Value Survey, the author provides two complementary approaches, one sociocultural and the other micropolitical, to reveal the factors that influence people＇s confidence in four major political institutions. The explanatory effects of these two approaches are mixed. Political identity and values, in most cases, have a significant impact on political confidence. On the other hand, high levels of interpersonal social trust, individual happiness, and satisfaction with living standards also show positive influences.展开更多
文摘This study evaluated the reduction of water consumption in a SIH （social interest housing） complex from the simulation of implanting a rainwater harvesting system. The methodology consisted of characterization of the case study, survey data of water consumption and data of precipitation in the area, on-site visits to define the average consumption and monthly water distribution, and sizing of a rainwater harvesting tank following the Netuno Program. It was obtained 22.500 L as the ideal volume for the tank, supplying the demand for drinkingwater in 32%, although the reduction in the drinking water bills would be minor, since the object of the case study is considered SIH, and residents pay a fixed fee for consuming up to 10 m3 per month. Therefore, it becomes necessary to analyze this situation from a sustainable and environmental perspective, and the benefits are no longer only economic, but rather they take on a more comprehensive social dimension.
文摘China is at a crucial stage of overcoming the middle-income trap, with the factors that drive economic growth having undergone significant changes, and domestic consumption playing a more important role in economic growth. It is necessary, at this point, to promote mass consumption by expanding the middle-income group. The present paper puts forward the concept of the ＂double middle-income traps.＂ This refers to the situation in which an economy＇s per capita output stagnates and the size of the middle- income group is unable to expand for an extended period of time. These two factors are closely related. Based on data from the Chinese Social Survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the present paper analyzes the scale and development of middle-income groups, and the relationship among middle- income groups, the middle-class and middle-class identity. The marginal consumption propensities of middle-income groups are also considered. The findings of the paper indicate that the expansion of the middle-income group plays an important role in promoting mass consumption, maintaining continuous and stable economic growth, and overcoming the double middle-income traps.
文摘The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze people＇s confidence in political institutions in the BRICS countries： Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. I argue that the quality of macroeconomic indicators cannot explain the variation in political confidence between the five most dynamic new emerging economies, and that there is no substantial difference among young, middle-aged, and senior-agent groups. By combing data from the Asia Barometer Survey and the World Value Survey, the author provides two complementary approaches, one sociocultural and the other micropolitical, to reveal the factors that influence people＇s confidence in four major political institutions. The explanatory effects of these two approaches are mixed. Political identity and values, in most cases, have a significant impact on political confidence. On the other hand, high levels of interpersonal social trust, individual happiness, and satisfaction with living standards also show positive influences.
