Over the last 40 years, it has been shown at the global level that sustainable forestry can be achieved through comprehensive forest management,with the decentralized institutional arrangements of community-managed fo...Over the last 40 years, it has been shown at the global level that sustainable forestry can be achieved through comprehensive forest management,with the decentralized institutional arrangements of community-managed forestry coordinated by effective policy implementation. However, there is still a shortage of evidence regarding whether communitybased forestry is well characterized by forest policies,assessing what action is most needed and how best to address the challenges faced by community-based forestry in halting deforestation and promoting rural livelihoods. The study analyzed experts' assessments of the characteristics and success of communitymanaged forestry in Cambodia and explored three case studies of community-managed forestry practice to identify priorities for addressing forest policy implementation inadequacies in halting deforestation and promoting rural livelihoods. There were two methods of data collection. Firstly, this study used a survey of 27 experts to analyze perceptions about how far forest policy supported community-managed forestry effectively, the major challenges faced by the national community-managed forestry program, and the community-managed forestry contribution to halting deforestation and reducing rural poverty.Secondly, data was collected by content analysis of three case studies to explore the knowledge and practical experience of local experts about community-managed forestry practice at local level.The study employed Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance to analyze the level of concordance of experts on related forest policies(n=15) considering community-managed forestry, the challenges faced by the national community-managed forestry program,and the actions required to enable communitymanaged forestry to support communities. Analysis revealed that experts were in moderate agreement,denoted by Kendall's W=0.152, on how well forest policies articulate and implement the characteristics of community-managed forestry. Ranking of the major challenges faced by the national communitymanaged forestry program yielded Kendall's W of0.104, indicating the confidence in the ranking among experts was fair. There was only low confidence in the ranking of the action needed, with Kendall's W of0.055. Content analysis of the three case studies examining local experts' opinions on the attributes of community-managed forestry concerning the access,local participation and protection of the sustainable forestry revealed that Attribute one ‘Local people have access to the forest land and forest resources', and Attribute three ‘Local people begin by protecting and restoring the forests', received high attention from local experts. Of lesser importance or agreement was attributing two: local participation in decision-making concerning the forest.展开更多
In 2012-2013, CMH (Community Memorial Hospital) had a 10.5% 30-day readmission rate from SNFs (skilled nursing facilities). The focus of the Connections of Care Coalition was to review the medication reconciliatio...In 2012-2013, CMH (Community Memorial Hospital) had a 10.5% 30-day readmission rate from SNFs (skilled nursing facilities). The focus of the Connections of Care Coalition was to review the medication reconciliation process and to involve pharmacists in the transition of patients to SNFs. The objective of the project was to work as an interdisciplinary team to improve the communication during transitions of care from our hospital to local SNFs by identifying key issues and initiating pharmacy practice change. This quality improvement project had a pre-post study design. Patients older than 18 years of age discharged to SNFs and/or readmitted from SNFs within 30 days were included. Baseline data was collected, specific pharmacist interventions were identified, educated on and implemented, and post-implementation data was collected. The number of interventions made and documented by pharmacists for patients being discharged from CMH to local SNFs did not significantly change during this quality improvement study. Clinically significant interventions were made on high risk medications, such as warfarin. Finally, a newly redesigned SNF workflow was implemented to include pharmacy, nursing, social work/case management to improve patient care and safety for discharges to SNFs.展开更多
基金the support of R&D Program for Forest Science Technology (Project No. 2014068E101819AA03) provided by Korea Forest Service (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute)
文摘Over the last 40 years, it has been shown at the global level that sustainable forestry can be achieved through comprehensive forest management,with the decentralized institutional arrangements of community-managed forestry coordinated by effective policy implementation. However, there is still a shortage of evidence regarding whether communitybased forestry is well characterized by forest policies,assessing what action is most needed and how best to address the challenges faced by community-based forestry in halting deforestation and promoting rural livelihoods. The study analyzed experts' assessments of the characteristics and success of communitymanaged forestry in Cambodia and explored three case studies of community-managed forestry practice to identify priorities for addressing forest policy implementation inadequacies in halting deforestation and promoting rural livelihoods. There were two methods of data collection. Firstly, this study used a survey of 27 experts to analyze perceptions about how far forest policy supported community-managed forestry effectively, the major challenges faced by the national community-managed forestry program, and the community-managed forestry contribution to halting deforestation and reducing rural poverty.Secondly, data was collected by content analysis of three case studies to explore the knowledge and practical experience of local experts about community-managed forestry practice at local level.The study employed Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance to analyze the level of concordance of experts on related forest policies(n=15) considering community-managed forestry, the challenges faced by the national community-managed forestry program,and the actions required to enable communitymanaged forestry to support communities. Analysis revealed that experts were in moderate agreement,denoted by Kendall's W=0.152, on how well forest policies articulate and implement the characteristics of community-managed forestry. Ranking of the major challenges faced by the national communitymanaged forestry program yielded Kendall's W of0.104, indicating the confidence in the ranking among experts was fair. There was only low confidence in the ranking of the action needed, with Kendall's W of0.055. Content analysis of the three case studies examining local experts' opinions on the attributes of community-managed forestry concerning the access,local participation and protection of the sustainable forestry revealed that Attribute one ‘Local people have access to the forest land and forest resources', and Attribute three ‘Local people begin by protecting and restoring the forests', received high attention from local experts. Of lesser importance or agreement was attributing two: local participation in decision-making concerning the forest.
文摘In 2012-2013, CMH (Community Memorial Hospital) had a 10.5% 30-day readmission rate from SNFs (skilled nursing facilities). The focus of the Connections of Care Coalition was to review the medication reconciliation process and to involve pharmacists in the transition of patients to SNFs. The objective of the project was to work as an interdisciplinary team to improve the communication during transitions of care from our hospital to local SNFs by identifying key issues and initiating pharmacy practice change. This quality improvement project had a pre-post study design. Patients older than 18 years of age discharged to SNFs and/or readmitted from SNFs within 30 days were included. Baseline data was collected, specific pharmacist interventions were identified, educated on and implemented, and post-implementation data was collected. The number of interventions made and documented by pharmacists for patients being discharged from CMH to local SNFs did not significantly change during this quality improvement study. Clinically significant interventions were made on high risk medications, such as warfarin. Finally, a newly redesigned SNF workflow was implemented to include pharmacy, nursing, social work/case management to improve patient care and safety for discharges to SNFs.