Recently, there has been a radial shift from traditional online social networks to content-generated social networks(CGSNs). Contemporary CGSNs, such as Dianping and Trip Advisor, are often the targets of click farmin...Recently, there has been a radial shift from traditional online social networks to content-generated social networks(CGSNs). Contemporary CGSNs, such as Dianping and Trip Advisor, are often the targets of click farming in which fake reviews are posted in order to boost or diminish the ratings of listed products and services simply through clicking. Click farming often emanates from a collection of multiple fake or compromised accounts, which we call click farmers. In this paper, we conduct a three-phase methodology to detect click farming. We begin by clustering communities based on newly-defined collusion networks. We then apply the Louvain community detection method to detecting communities. We finally perform a binary classification on detected-communities. Our results of over a year-long study show that(1) the prevalence of click farming is different across CGSNs;(2) most click farmers are lowly-rated;(3) click-farming communities have relatively tight relations between users;(4) more highly-ranked stores have a greater portion of fake reviews.展开更多
The study explored the various performances of oral narratives in the Teso communities. In-depth interviews carried out with 68 respondents from 2009 to 2013, in six selected Teso districts in Uganda and Teso and Busi...The study explored the various performances of oral narratives in the Teso communities. In-depth interviews carried out with 68 respondents from 2009 to 2013, in six selected Teso districts in Uganda and Teso and Busia districts in Kenya, before and after performances, provided the data. In placing value and assessing the unquantifiable feelings of narrators and audiences, the study chose the methods of qualitative research and ethno-methodological philosophical analyses. Various levels of perceptions emerged from both the audiences and performers as they journeyed into both self and society. The study showed that the communities yearned for the communicative avenues of harnessing resources for solving various issues as they look into the future. Oral narratives motivated audiences through experiences of self discovery which spurred them to analogies of societal issues that haunted them. Both value and virtue were experienced at individual and group levels with a cultural identity and exposure to ethnic ties that bound them together in the struggle for a brighter tomorrow. The study recommends that a new society can be realized with movement from analogue to digital strategies for communication.展开更多
New digital technologies, especially new communication networks connected within the internet, are becoming increasingly more important as tools for management, information distribution, and as radically new models of...New digital technologies, especially new communication networks connected within the internet, are becoming increasingly more important as tools for management, information distribution, and as radically new models of cultural production. This paper takes a deep look at the Tosakan Project, a community project in Saraburi province, Thailand. This project combines concepts of folk media, digital storytelling, and the participatory model of Web 2.0 in order to solve community problems. Herein, it is shown how diverse groups in this community project work together using social network channels such as Facebook and Line to digitally tell folk stories through videos and disseminate the content to a wider audience via Facebook and other digital sharing outlets such as YouTube.展开更多
Objective： To identify the main character- istics of victims of motorcycle accidents in Fars Province, Iran. Methods： This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province which has the fourth largest populatio...Objective： To identify the main character- istics of victims of motorcycle accidents in Fars Province, Iran. Methods： This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province which has the fourth largest population of all 31 provinces in Iran from March 2009 to June 2010. We included data from all 542 recorded cases of fatalities due to motor vehicle accidents. Data were recorded from the foren- sic medicine registry consisting of demographic and acci- dent-related information. Demographic information con- sisted of name, age, sex, status of fatal victim （motorcycle driver vs passenger） and educational level. Results： Of the 2 345 autopsy records from the foren- sic medicine archives, 542 （23.1%） gave the cause of death as motor vehicle accidents. Mean age of these victims was （31.4±16.5） years, and the male to female ratio was 28. Head injury was the most common cause of death in these victims, and overall they tended to have a low level of education. Motorcycle accidents frequently involved younger age groups （15-35 years）, and head trauma related with non-use of a helmet was the most common cause of death. Conclusions： Head injury is frequent among victims in the province we studied. This situation may be related to the victims＇ low socioeconomic status and little education regarding traffic laws leading to speeding and disregard of these laws along with their weak enforcement.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China,under Grants 71671114,61672350,and U1405251
文摘Recently, there has been a radial shift from traditional online social networks to content-generated social networks(CGSNs). Contemporary CGSNs, such as Dianping and Trip Advisor, are often the targets of click farming in which fake reviews are posted in order to boost or diminish the ratings of listed products and services simply through clicking. Click farming often emanates from a collection of multiple fake or compromised accounts, which we call click farmers. In this paper, we conduct a three-phase methodology to detect click farming. We begin by clustering communities based on newly-defined collusion networks. We then apply the Louvain community detection method to detecting communities. We finally perform a binary classification on detected-communities. Our results of over a year-long study show that(1) the prevalence of click farming is different across CGSNs;(2) most click farmers are lowly-rated;(3) click-farming communities have relatively tight relations between users;(4) more highly-ranked stores have a greater portion of fake reviews.
文摘The study explored the various performances of oral narratives in the Teso communities. In-depth interviews carried out with 68 respondents from 2009 to 2013, in six selected Teso districts in Uganda and Teso and Busia districts in Kenya, before and after performances, provided the data. In placing value and assessing the unquantifiable feelings of narrators and audiences, the study chose the methods of qualitative research and ethno-methodological philosophical analyses. Various levels of perceptions emerged from both the audiences and performers as they journeyed into both self and society. The study showed that the communities yearned for the communicative avenues of harnessing resources for solving various issues as they look into the future. Oral narratives motivated audiences through experiences of self discovery which spurred them to analogies of societal issues that haunted them. Both value and virtue were experienced at individual and group levels with a cultural identity and exposure to ethnic ties that bound them together in the struggle for a brighter tomorrow. The study recommends that a new society can be realized with movement from analogue to digital strategies for communication.
文摘New digital technologies, especially new communication networks connected within the internet, are becoming increasingly more important as tools for management, information distribution, and as radically new models of cultural production. This paper takes a deep look at the Tosakan Project, a community project in Saraburi province, Thailand. This project combines concepts of folk media, digital storytelling, and the participatory model of Web 2.0 in order to solve community problems. Herein, it is shown how diverse groups in this community project work together using social network channels such as Facebook and Line to digitally tell folk stories through videos and disseminate the content to a wider audience via Facebook and other digital sharing outlets such as YouTube.
文摘Objective： To identify the main character- istics of victims of motorcycle accidents in Fars Province, Iran. Methods： This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province which has the fourth largest population of all 31 provinces in Iran from March 2009 to June 2010. We included data from all 542 recorded cases of fatalities due to motor vehicle accidents. Data were recorded from the foren- sic medicine registry consisting of demographic and acci- dent-related information. Demographic information con- sisted of name, age, sex, status of fatal victim （motorcycle driver vs passenger） and educational level. Results： Of the 2 345 autopsy records from the foren- sic medicine archives, 542 （23.1%） gave the cause of death as motor vehicle accidents. Mean age of these victims was （31.4±16.5） years, and the male to female ratio was 28. Head injury was the most common cause of death in these victims, and overall they tended to have a low level of education. Motorcycle accidents frequently involved younger age groups （15-35 years）, and head trauma related with non-use of a helmet was the most common cause of death. Conclusions： Head injury is frequent among victims in the province we studied. This situation may be related to the victims＇ low socioeconomic status and little education regarding traffic laws leading to speeding and disregard of these laws along with their weak enforcement.
