特殊都市社区旅游开发研究——以广州沙面为例

社区旅游主要是从社区发展的角度考虑旅游目的地的建设,这就必须综合考量不同利益主体之间合理的利益协调和分配机制。广州沙面有着独特的地理位置、优美的生态环境、深厚的历史文化积淀、多样而又大部保存完好的西洋近代建筑,旅游资源特色十分突出,是一处别具一格的特殊都市社区。在城市化飞速发展的今天,在都市规模急剧扩张的广州,要有效保护沙面弥足珍贵的旅游资源乃至优美环境,充分发掘其旅游潜力,就应当以社区建设与旅游开发有机结合的方式,整体调动政府、游客、旅游供应商和当地居民的积极性,构建和谐的利益相关者关系网,尤其是通过居民参与来提升他们对地方特色旅游资源的正确认识和保护观念,这对居民或资源本身及其他旅游利益相关方都能起到积极的作用。

乡村旅游扶贫模式探究

作为一种全新、生态且高效的扶贫方式,乡村旅游扶贫可以起到反贫困的积极作用,是一种符合科学发展观的可持续扶贫模式。本文将对乡村旅游扶贫概念进行简单的阐述,然后再指出当前乡村旅游扶贫模式的问题所在,提出了要规避传统旅游扶贫开发模式的弊端,构建一个全新的社区旅游扶贫开发模式,以期能够让乡村旅游扶贫模式更符合乡村地区环境、经济和社会的和谐发展,进而实现社会主义新农村建设的现代化农村构建目标。

Community attitudes toward ecotourism development and environmental conservation in nature reserve:a case of Fujian Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,China

Using social exchange theory, this study investigated residents＇ attitudes toward the preliminary stage of tourism development in nature reserves in Wuyishan National Nature Reserve of China, and the socio-economic and negative effects of residents＇ attitude toward the tourist industry. Results of the questionnaire survey indicated that local people perceived they could benefit from the economic activities related to tourism, and were supportive of the conservation of natural resources and local culture, sustainable community development, and community participation in ecotourism planning and management. This study also revealed that the variables of age, gender, education level, household income, family size, non-farm work arrangements, and the distance to tourism attractions, have significant association with respondents＇ attitudes toward ecotourism development, or negative impacts of the tourist industry. Respondents who are male, or have a higher household income, are more supportive of tourism development inside the reserve. Younger and more highly educated community members are more likely to support learning more about natural and cultural resources and landscapes. Respondents who have a hieher household income, or live far fromthe village center, are more concerned about the negative environmental impacts of tourism development.

＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ -A Research on the Participation and Perception of Residents in Scenic Area and Community

Tight space and interactive resources grant tourism community residents a vital body status in community tourism development and construction process. Residents＇ all-sided and effective participation in Tourism development process, with no doubt, is an open democratization process and an effective way to ensure sustainable development of tourism as it can raise residents＇ income and eliminate bad influence of tourism. ＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ is a scenic spot where ＂landscape live-action＂ is performed. Local residents （farmers） serve as the main part. Through survey and analysis of participation and perception of community residents, this paper aims at finding some useful consult and inspirations for the development, management and policy formulation of other rural scenic region alike.

Tibetan Attitudes Towards Community Participation and Ecotourism

Some Tibetan villages in Shenzha county, Tibet were chosen as typical Tibetan communities in China. Attitudes and perceptions towards Tibetan community participation in ecotourism were analyzed using face to face interviews. Most residents supported the development of ecotourism. They are willing to engage in ecotourism projects and accept ecotourism education and training, and expect that the government provides opportunities for them to participate in making ecotourism decisions. Most residents believed that ecotourism promotes local economies and social development, and enhances the ability and quality of local residents while improving their environmental consciousness. However, some residents were concerned that ecotourism may destroy local natural environments and Tibetan folk customs and culture. The level of community participation in ecotourism development is only in its infancy in Shenzha, but there is strong potential. The chief participatory approaches of ecotourism development for most residents were providing labor and catering services and commodities for tourism, and Tibetan performance singing and dancing. Limiting factors include language, a shortage of knowledge and skills, and poor ecotourism infrastructure. Most residents had little confidence that the government was willing to support them to participate in ecotourism. We put forward some mechanisms to enhance the level of community participation in ecotourism in this important region.