社区游民社会资本的流失及再造——以川东某社区为例

城市化进程中社会流动的不断加剧,社区内部主体也呈现出多元化的趋势,尤其值得关注的是社区内部形成的新社区游民群体。社区游民主体的社会资本面临着单位制资本和传统社会资本的遗失,对城市社区管理和城市本身的稳定与发展形成潜在的各种风险。鉴于此,社区游民社会资本再造成为了目前急需解决的问题。

面向“数字游民”群体的职业教育模式

“数字游民”是近年流行的一种新型工作模式,“数字游民”愈发成为世界各地未来劳动力提升的关键群体。随着该群体的日益壮大,开展面向“数字游民”的职业教育已成为建设服务全民终身学习教育体系的重要一环。由于“数字游民”的工作性质与特征,该群体的职业教育需求也具有鲜明的特点。旨在研究以“数字游民”需求为导向的职业教育模式。首先分析了各国“数字游民”的现状与发展趋势,接着对国内“数字游民”群体的职业教育需求开展了调查研究,剖析“数字游民”职业教育需求层面的特征,并据此提出多方联动推进我国“数字游民”的职业教育对策,包括加快建设相关在线课程体系、尝试短期在校教育机制、建立“数字游民”创新创业基地、深入社区开展导师培训等,从而使我国成为“数字游民”就业创业的理想之地。

Community attitudes toward ecotourism development and environmental conservation in nature reserve:a case of Fujian Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,China

Using social exchange theory, this study investigated residents＇ attitudes toward the preliminary stage of tourism development in nature reserves in Wuyishan National Nature Reserve of China, and the socio-economic and negative effects of residents＇ attitude toward the tourist industry. Results of the questionnaire survey indicated that local people perceived they could benefit from the economic activities related to tourism, and were supportive of the conservation of natural resources and local culture, sustainable community development, and community participation in ecotourism planning and management. This study also revealed that the variables of age, gender, education level, household income, family size, non-farm work arrangements, and the distance to tourism attractions, have significant association with respondents＇ attitudes toward ecotourism development, or negative impacts of the tourist industry. Respondents who are male, or have a higher household income, are more supportive of tourism development inside the reserve. Younger and more highly educated community members are more likely to support learning more about natural and cultural resources and landscapes. Respondents who have a hieher household income, or live far fromthe village center, are more concerned about the negative environmental impacts of tourism development.

Study on the Relationship between Tourist Influence and Residents' Sense of Community:An Empirical Study from Changdao Countyin Shandong Province

Residents' sense of community is an important prerequisite to promote the development of community.Tourism has significant influence on residents' sense of community.An empirical study from Changdao shows that economy and life conflict caused by tourism can affect neighborhood-friendly and community participation significantly.Culture,environment and social services from tourism can significantly affect community association,community care and place recognition.Therefore,the regional managers should pay attention to allocate revenues in the residents fairly and protect own culture to avoid the negative impact from tourism.

＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ -A Research on the Participation and Perception of Residents in Scenic Area and Community

Tight space and interactive resources grant tourism community residents a vital body status in community tourism development and construction process. Residents＇ all-sided and effective participation in Tourism development process, with no doubt, is an open democratization process and an effective way to ensure sustainable development of tourism as it can raise residents＇ income and eliminate bad influence of tourism. ＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ is a scenic spot where ＂landscape live-action＂ is performed. Local residents （farmers） serve as the main part. Through survey and analysis of participation and perception of community residents, this paper aims at finding some useful consult and inspirations for the development, management and policy formulation of other rural scenic region alike.