清朝(鸦片战争前)官办社学之探微

清朝(鸦片战争前)社学已经相当普及,本文以中原官学为基础从以下几方面对其进行初探:社学分布状况、教学内容与方法、社学的管理、社学还具有社会执法的作用、官办社学教育名人。对当前中小学普及和道德教育有一定的启示意义。

全科医师家庭签约服务对社区老年人高血压管理的影响

目的:探讨全科医师家庭签约服务对社区老年人高血压管理中的影响。方法:选取2015年1月至2017年1月东莞市大岭山镇杨屋社区卫生服务站收治的241例老年高血压患者为研究对象,将所有患者随机分为观察组(n=121)和对照组(n=120)。对照组给予常规社区管理干预,观察组给予全科医师家庭签约服务管理干预,分析评估两组患者的临床效果。结果:两组患者干预前的舒张压和收缩压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组干预后的舒张压、收缩压及空腹血糖(FPG)、体质量指数(BMI)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)指标均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的血压控制达标率及高血压危险因素知晓率均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在社区老年人高血压管理中实施全科医师家庭签约服务管理干预措施,有利于稳定调控血压,改善临床指标,提高知晓率和患者服药依从性,提高治疗率;同时有利于控制血压,提高控制率。

A Critical Analysis of the Educational Impact of Steve Fuller＇s Social Epistemology

In this paper, I examine Steve Fuller＇s ＂sociological＂ social epistemology that must be distinguished from its ＂philosophical＂ counterpart. Fuller＇s sociological social epistemology can prompt deep philosophical analyses of the conditions for knowledge that themselves bear on what should count as knowledge. That is, it can be a vital prelude to developing an interdisciplinary investigation into educational issues. This paper looks at the three features that form an integral part of Fuller＇s social epistemology, which is partly elucidatory and partly critical： naturalistic, normative, and organizational aspects. It goes on to explore whether and to what extent Fuller＇s criticism of an ＂always already＂ thesis in philosophy and his idea of ＂knowledge management＂ afford an understanding of human knowledge in particular and human development in general. This paper concludes with an observation that Fuller＇s social epistemology is flawed in some respects but nonetheless is of relevance to the philosophical study of education.

Social Media Sites Enhance Online Teaching and Learning Activities： Instructors＇ Perceptions： A Case Study

Online teaching and learning environments have been booming worldwide. However, many universities in developing countries cannot afford learning management systems, such as Blackboard or WebCT. Therefore, this qualitative study explores the possibility of using social media sites for online instruction due to the fact that their prominent utilities are similar to those of Blackboard and other learning management systems. Through purposeful sampling, four university professors using social media for online instruction were selected as participants, in order to gain insights from their perspectives regarding its usage as an alternative instructional medium. Using the constant comparison method and open coding, data was gathered and triangulated from participant interviews, observations of participants＇ online courses on social media sites; documents collected from their online courses; and the researcher＇s reflexive journal. Thematic findings revealed that social media sites increased （1） interaction and communication between the instructor and students, （2） interaction, communication, and collaboration among students, （3） and interaction between students with materials. It is believed that the significance of the research findings can be transferred to the similar online teaching contexts where learning management systems cannot be afforded.

Five Success Factors in Elite Interviewing for Qualitative Research

The purpose of this paper is to describe the challenges of elite interviewing and identify key factors that ensure success for qualitative researchers. The authors draw on their own experiences of interviewing powerful and influential members of government and various professions as well as tips from experienced researchers from the fields of social sciences and health. They identify five essential steps to successful interviewing： （1） identifying the key informants; （2） negotiating access; （3） background research and preparation; （4） site selection, presentation questioning approach, and execution; and （5） follow-up. Each of them is discussed in detail. The authors argue that the most important quality for the elite interviewer is self-management which involves developing an individual style of interviewing that is responsive to setbacks and unexpected opportunities

The Swine Flu Pandemics in Portugal Through Newspaper Humour

Using semiotic and discourse analysis methodologies to uncover denotative and connotative meanings in journalism production, following Roland Barthes＇s work, our research analyzed newspaper humour published in one Portuguese newspaper about the global build-up of the swine flu （H1N1） scare of 2009-2010. Results demonstrate that humour was much quicker than traditional journalistic templates to assign responsibilities and depict failures in the crisis management system, precociously suggesting that the pandemic could be just another moral panic similar to the bird flu of 2005. Through humour, newspapers stressed the cyclic nature of health risks, reducing the impact of dramatic information on the audience. It is therefore suggested that the sociological analysis of a media outlet in the context of a complex and emotional case such as the 2009-2010 pandemic implies its deconstruction layer by layer in order to obtain a clear picture of the mechanisms of social construction of reality.

Promote Combinational Researches, Training, and Applied Scientific Technology in Universities and Institutes in Vietnam

To promote the combination of research, training, and scientific technology application is the main policy of the Vietnam Communist Party and State of their management to their meeting of the needs toward their radical and comprehensive renovation with educational and training processes. There are some solutions such as： To develop a national project on combination of research and scientific technology application in social science in Vietnam was administered, to develop a set of criteria to ensure effectiveness of combination of research and training which will be based on the needs of society was assessed, to increase self-control of research institutes and universities of social science sector in combination of research and scientific technology application was examined, to be continued of the renovation management mechanism was managed, the cost norm and means of providing finance research and scientific technology application in social science were founded. The comprehensive legal framework and criteria of combination of research and scientific technology application as a basic for evaluating activities of research and scientific technology application in social science were used. Suggestions that this study was to apply scientific technology in transferring national university and investigation of the key universities into universities＇ researches were provided.

Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics： French Philosophy and Social Theory in Relation to Ethics and Philosophy of Management

This article gives an overview of my book French Philosophy and Social Theory. A Perspective for Ethics and Philosophy of Management, published by Springer 2014. As an extension of my earlier work on French philosophy, this book provides an application of important concepts from contemporary French philosophy to business ethics and the ethics of organizations. Although the book covers a wide range of philosophers and philosophical movements, there is a core and deep unity of the book. This is the demonstration of how the conceptual resources of contemporary French philosophy from the early 20th Century to the present day can be applied to give us new perspectives on business ethics and the ethics of organizations.

Controlling and Corporate Social Responsibility： A Comparative Study of German and Estonian Controlling

This paper focuses on the functions of controlling in Estonia and Germany, The analysis based on the study carried out in Estonian enterprises in 2008. The study was conducted by the Estonian work group of the International Controller Association ICV （internationaler controller verein）. The methodology and controlling questionnaire were the same, which were used by the German work group of ICV in 2006. The mentioned questionnaire was also worked out in Germany by Otto Beisheim School of Management. The authors compared the results of both studies Cultural differences and their impact on the tasks of controllers were also scrutinized. The results of the research indicate that the tasks of Estonian controllers are strictly fixed with procedure documents, which leaves very lithe room lbr independence and initiative. Usually, they are not involved in the strategic planning and goal setting. The final conclusion is that the sustainability function of controlling is much more on the background compared to other functions of controlling, but in the future the role of this function is expected to increase

Application of GM（1,1） Prediction Model in Science and Technology Novelty Search Work

Grey system theory has been widely applied to many domains such as economy, agriculture, management, Social Sciences and so on. Based on the theory of grey system, this paper established GM（1,1） grey predict model for the first time to forecast The number of Scitech novelty search item and The staff number of Sci-Tech Novelty Search. The predicting results are almost close to the actual values, which shows that the model is reliable so that the models could be used to forecast the two factors in the future years. The study will help the scientific management of Sci-Tech Novelty search work for Novelty search organizations.

The Architecture of Value Thinking and Pneuma in Housing Associations

Housing associations make too small a contribution to society, the government has to step in too frequently because of maladministration, and the associations＇ executives are often unaware of the far-reaching impact of their decisions. These are the conclusions of new academic research conducted by Jan Veuger of Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University （RSM）. In the author＇s dissertation, he asserts that in numerous cases, there is no correlation between social and financial objectives. The Dutch House of Representatives debated the results of the report Ver van huis from the Parliamentary Committee of Inquiry on Housing Associations in early December, 2014. The research that is being carried out at the moment is constructed in a manner that if we understand something about value thinking and what underlying motivation is, an approach can be deducted that will allow us to control them. After the introduction, an explanation of the theme of the research will be given and the choice for a four-phase model with a deepening as to what value（s） is （and are）. From the perspective of the four-phase model, the emphasis will be put on the socialization and thinking capacities, and parallels will be drawn between the values within the four-phase model, the examined values, and in specific, public housing corporations.

University Social Responsibility from the Perspective of the Different Stakeholders

The objective of this research is to analyze social responsibility from the stakeholder’s perspective to establish whether universities have advanced in their conception. The research is exploratory and conclusive descriptive of the cross-sectional sample. The internal and external stakeholders of the public universities domiciled in Quito were taken into account. The results showed that university managers relate this concept with actions of connection with community, the relevance of the academic offer and the accountability, while students relate this concept with teaching in values and philanthropic activities. For administrative personnel instead, university social responsibility （USR） is related to work benefits. On the other hand, the business sector relates this concept with the answer to their needs of innovation. As expected, representatives of government agencies highlight the university’s responses that are necessary to become the engine of economic, productive and social transformation of the country. It is concluded that USR is applied in a partial way, which translates into management models that do not incorporate it as an explicit variable of their actions.

Stakeholders： the extension of service function of modem universities

Various ＂stakeholders＂ come into being around modern universities. Their emergence is based upon responsibility and contribution of extending university function to social public interest. Definitive stakeholders, expectant stakeholders and latent stakeholders constitute the objects of universities achieving their service function. Thus, management mode of universities undertakes exploration and reform. Yet ignoring part of the management status of ＂stakeholders＂ can also affect that universities fulfill their social responsibilities and promote their service functions to some extent.

Research on the Common Problems and Corresponding Solutions for the Chinese-foreign Cooperative Education Management

In this paper, we conduct research and survey on the common problems and corresponding solutions for the Chinese-foreign cooperative education management. The training objectives of cooperation in running schools only to adapt to the society and education development rule for their healthy development. According to the economic development and social needs, the Chinese-foreign cooperation in running schools of talent cultivation, mainly reflected in the advanced nature of the program. Our research proposed novel solutions to the general problems and issues need to be solved for the Chinese-foreign cooperative education management which will be meaningful.

The Transformation of Government Economic Functions in Public Economic Management

Public economics is a science of studying government economic behaviors, and an interdiscipline of politics and economics. As China is at the primary stage of socialism and the development of various domestic causes is still in a period of exploration, it is very important for the reform of the socialist modernization to strengthen domestic administrative management. Society is the subject of national reform and development in the long run, and thus maintaining the stability of domestic social order is not only the prerequisite for the long-term survival and development of China, but also the key requirement of ensuring people to live and work in peace and contentment. This thesis, first of all, introduces the management concept of public economy and the necessity of government＇s involvement in supervising economy. And on the basis of these, the thesis put forward the direction of transforming government economic functions and several precautions that should be noticed in government economic behaviors.

Statistical Analytical Study of the Impact of Consumer Awareness Among the Students of the Faculty of Business Administration at the University of Kuwait in Consumer Protection and Its Relationship to Some Economic and Social Characteristics

Kuwaiti youth is an importam element in the field of development in the Kuwaiti society, especially in the field of self- consciousness and social consciousness incident. As always said, that young Gulf inherently consumerist element of first degree because of abundant liquidity and reasonable level of income compared to others of non - Gulf societies. Therefore, this research aims to study and analyze the impact of consumer awareness among the students of the Faculty of Business Administration in consumer protection in terms of the current role and hoped to guide consumption and its relationship to some economic and social characteristics of the consumers. In particular it has been studying the impact of some of the qualifications for heads of Kuwaiti families, their total monthly income and their place of residency inhabited by the expressive factors of consumer awareness in college students as well as their impact on the degree of preference for quality of consumer goods in being a low-price, median-price or expensive-price. In addition, it has been studying the relationship of these social variables noted with the role of government and consumer protection associations through what they are doing to develop laws and policies directed to develop and educate consumers. To achieve these goals, a special questionnaire has been prepared especially for this purpose has been met from a random sample of students from the University of Kuwait. I have been using the appropriate statistical analysis to study these goals. Thus, some of the appropriate suggestions and recommendations are obtained to achieve the objectives of this research.

Survey of Contemporary College Students＇ Political Participation

The network of political participation is relative to the traditional political participation, it takes the Internet as a carrier, with distinctive character, with a more convenient, fast, and even without time and space constraints advantage. Political participation has to be affected by the social and economic development, political system, social and environmental factors, countries generally believe that collaboration between the Government and social organizations, networks of enterprises, schools and other interested parties are currently the main mode of network governance. College students are the main power of the network of political participation, the university plays an important role in the political participation process. Therefore, this article takes online political participation of college students as a starting point, through questionnaires and case interviews and other methods to investigate the current status of college students online political participation, analyze network characteristics and problems of college students in political participation, to guide the college network path which provides reference for orderly participation in political studies.

The Internet and its Psychological and Social Effects on the UAEs Youth

The subject of this research concentrate on indicating psychological and social effects for the Internet on students in Sharjah University/Communication College/in other words the researcher try to know students opinion and impressions regarding the use of Internet and effect of the same, as well as opinion of positive and negative benefits regarding Internet, especially for the university＇s students who use Internet repeatedly in their daily routine. This stage marked by facts and characteristics based on search for information, explore the students world, and their expectations for that science. This study is the first in its kind in United Arab Emirates that try to shed light on the social and psychological effects of the lnternet, therefore we pave the way in front of those who administer lnternet and indicate to them guidelines for that to allow decisions maker to be aware about the world around university＇s student, the world that enjoy less interest for use of Internet at university, and what is the social and psychological effects of the use of Internet. And the study allow providing information and data that several sectors in society need. It draws clear image for the use of Internet at university by the student and whatever social and psychological effects that happened as a result of that use, so it consider as a survey for whom desire to know such information in United Arab Emirates.

Research on the path of the bureaucracy in the modern university management

The theory of Webb＇s ideal type of the bureaucratic organization contains the abundant management thoughts, and it has been widely used for its rationality since was put forward. The modem universities are the formal social organizations, and that the universities implement the bureaucratic administration has its own rationality which is not negligible. However, the universities are the academic organizations, and their intrinsic attributes, that is, the ambiguity of their goals, the diversified values, and the uncertainty of the processes of their activities and the effects, result in the inevitable limitations in the bureaucratic administration of the universities. Therefore, the improvement of the university bureaucratic administration systems should be implemented based on the inherent logic of the universities.

Promotion of library management and book circulation to research on medical research

With the acceleration of the process of social information, information resources construction has become an important part of national development strategies. The library is one of the main information resources constructions and is an important information resource position of social construction. Computer applications in the book management, greatly improve the management efficiency of the library, and have changed the traditional management service model. Universal service network extends to every comer make reader can read everywhere, breaking the boundaries of time and space and also greatly promoting the modernization of the library. Library modernization, according to the characteristics of the objective law refers library work practices, uses modem technological conditions, rational organization of scientific management of library work, to maximize efficiency and quality and effectively complete the task library. Library essence of modem management techniques is to achieve the modernization of libraries and library management modernization. Modem library information system can be divided into three aspects of building automation libraries, library networks and digital libraries. Digital library management directly reflects a country＇ s level of a regional knowledge economy and information industry development, and digital network resource management in the book gradually dominates.