目的：探索自噬／溶酶体途径是否参与了帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease，PD）病人及PD动物模型黑质多巴胺神经元损伤机制。方法：取PD病人中脑切片，用免疫荧光双标记观察黑质细胞溶酶体蛋白酶B和L（Cathepsin B and L）的表达；用立...目的：探索自噬／溶酶体途径是否参与了帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease，PD）病人及PD动物模型黑质多巴胺神经元损伤机制。方法：取PD病人中脑切片，用免疫荧光双标记观察黑质细胞溶酶体蛋白酶B和L（Cathepsin B and L）的表达；用立体定位技术将6-羟基多巴（6-OHDA）8μg／4μl注射到大鼠右侧黑质致密部（Substantia nigra pars compaeta．SNpc。）制作PD大鼠模型，DNA凝胶电泳及TUNEL法检测DA神经元的变性，免疫组化法检测多巴胺神经元cathepsin B及eathepsin L、溶酶体相关膜糖蛋白-1（LAMP-1）的表达，展开更多
Objective： To investigate the compensative mechanism of no further impairment of the upper limb after ipsilateral C7 transfer for treatment of root avulsion of C5-C6 of the brachial plexus. Methods： Sixty Sprague Da...Objective： To investigate the compensative mechanism of no further impairment of the upper limb after ipsilateral C7 transfer for treatment of root avulsion of C5-C6 of the brachial plexus. Methods： Sixty Sprague Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a CT-transection group and a control group, 30 rats each. In the CT-transection group, the left forelimbs of the animals underwent transection of ipsilateral C7 nerve root while C5 and C6 nerve roots were avulsed. In the control group, the left forelimbs only underwent C5 and C6 root avulsion. The representative muscles of C7 （innervated mainly by C7） including latissimus dorsi, triceps, extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digitorum communis were evaluated with neurophysiological investigation, muscular histology and motor end plate histomorphometry 3, 6 and 12 weeks after operation. The right forelimbs of all rats were taken as the control sides. Results： Three weeks after operation, the recovery rates of amplitudes of compound muscle action potential （CMAP） and CMAP latency, muscular wet weight and cross-sec- tional area of muscle fibers, and area of postsynaptic membranes of those four representative muscles in the C7- transection group were significantly lower than those of the control group （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）. Six weeks postoperatively, the recovery rates of CMAP amplitude and latency of the triceps showed no significant difference between the C7- transection group and the control group （P〉0.05）. For theextensor carpi radialis brevis and the extensor digitorum communis, the recovery rates of the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, the amplitude and latency of CMAP and the area of postsynaptic membranes showed no significant dif- ference between the two groups （P 〉0.05）, while the rest parameters were still significantly different between the two group （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）. As far as the ultramicrostructure was concerned in the CT-transection group, more motor end plates of four representative muscles were observed and their ultramicrostructure also had a tendency to mature as compared with those of 3 weeks postoperatively. Twelve weeks after operation, all parameters of the CT-transectJon group were not significantly different from those of the control group （P 〉0.05）. In the CT-transection group, the motor end plates were densely distributed and their ultramicrostructure in four representative muscles appeared to be mature as compared with those of the control group. Conclusions： After ipsilateral C7 transfer for treatment of root avulsion of C5-C6 of the brachial plexus, the nerve fibers of the lower trunk can compensatively innervate fibers of Crrepresentative muscles by means of motor end plate regeneration, so there is no further impairment on the injured upper limb.展开更多
Objective: To establish a simple, reproducible, and practical mechanical injury model of hippocampal neurons of Sprague-Dawley rats in vitro. Methods: Hippocampal neurons isolated from 1-2-day old rats were cultured i...Objective: To establish a simple, reproducible, and practical mechanical injury model of hippocampal neurons of Sprague-Dawley rats in vitro. Methods: Hippocampal neurons isolated from 1-2-day old rats were cultured in vitro. Mild, moderate and severe mechanical injuries were delivered to the neurons by syringe needle tearing, respectively. The control neurons were treated identically with the exception of trauma. Cell damage was assessed by measuring the Propidium Iodide (PI) uptaking at different time points ( 0.5, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours) after injury. The concentration of neuron specific enolase was also measured at some time points.Results: Pathological examination showed that degeneration, degradation and necrosis occurred in the injured cultured neurons. Compared with the control group, the ratio of PI-positive cells in the injured groups increased significantly after 30 minutes of injury (P< 0.05). More severe the damage was, more PI-positive neurons were detected. Compared with the control group, the concentration of neuron specific enolase in the injured culture increased significantly after 1 hour of injury (P< 0.05).Conclusions: The established model of hippocampal neuron injury in vitro can be repeated easily and can simulate the damage mechanism of traumatic brain injury, which can be used in the future research of traumatic brain injury.展开更多
文摘目的：探索自噬／溶酶体途径是否参与了帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease，PD）病人及PD动物模型黑质多巴胺神经元损伤机制。方法：取PD病人中脑切片，用免疫荧光双标记观察黑质细胞溶酶体蛋白酶B和L（Cathepsin B and L）的表达；用立体定位技术将6-羟基多巴（6-OHDA）8μg／4μl注射到大鼠右侧黑质致密部（Substantia nigra pars compaeta．SNpc。）制作PD大鼠模型，DNA凝胶电泳及TUNEL法检测DA神经元的变性，免疫组化法检测多巴胺神经元cathepsin B及eathepsin L、溶酶体相关膜糖蛋白-1（LAMP-1）的表达，
文摘Objective： To investigate the compensative mechanism of no further impairment of the upper limb after ipsilateral C7 transfer for treatment of root avulsion of C5-C6 of the brachial plexus. Methods： Sixty Sprague Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a CT-transection group and a control group, 30 rats each. In the CT-transection group, the left forelimbs of the animals underwent transection of ipsilateral C7 nerve root while C5 and C6 nerve roots were avulsed. In the control group, the left forelimbs only underwent C5 and C6 root avulsion. The representative muscles of C7 （innervated mainly by C7） including latissimus dorsi, triceps, extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digitorum communis were evaluated with neurophysiological investigation, muscular histology and motor end plate histomorphometry 3, 6 and 12 weeks after operation. The right forelimbs of all rats were taken as the control sides. Results： Three weeks after operation, the recovery rates of amplitudes of compound muscle action potential （CMAP） and CMAP latency, muscular wet weight and cross-sec- tional area of muscle fibers, and area of postsynaptic membranes of those four representative muscles in the C7- transection group were significantly lower than those of the control group （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）. Six weeks postoperatively, the recovery rates of CMAP amplitude and latency of the triceps showed no significant difference between the C7- transection group and the control group （P〉0.05）. For theextensor carpi radialis brevis and the extensor digitorum communis, the recovery rates of the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, the amplitude and latency of CMAP and the area of postsynaptic membranes showed no significant dif- ference between the two groups （P 〉0.05）, while the rest parameters were still significantly different between the two group （P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）. As far as the ultramicrostructure was concerned in the CT-transection group, more motor end plates of four representative muscles were observed and their ultramicrostructure also had a tendency to mature as compared with those of 3 weeks postoperatively. Twelve weeks after operation, all parameters of the CT-transectJon group were not significantly different from those of the control group （P 〉0.05）. In the CT-transection group, the motor end plates were densely distributed and their ultramicrostructure in four representative muscles appeared to be mature as compared with those of the control group. Conclusions： After ipsilateral C7 transfer for treatment of root avulsion of C5-C6 of the brachial plexus, the nerve fibers of the lower trunk can compensatively innervate fibers of Crrepresentative muscles by means of motor end plate regeneration, so there is no further impairment on the injured upper limb.
文摘Objective: To establish a simple, reproducible, and practical mechanical injury model of hippocampal neurons of Sprague-Dawley rats in vitro. Methods: Hippocampal neurons isolated from 1-2-day old rats were cultured in vitro. Mild, moderate and severe mechanical injuries were delivered to the neurons by syringe needle tearing, respectively. The control neurons were treated identically with the exception of trauma. Cell damage was assessed by measuring the Propidium Iodide (PI) uptaking at different time points ( 0.5, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours) after injury. The concentration of neuron specific enolase was also measured at some time points.Results: Pathological examination showed that degeneration, degradation and necrosis occurred in the injured cultured neurons. Compared with the control group, the ratio of PI-positive cells in the injured groups increased significantly after 30 minutes of injury (P< 0.05). More severe the damage was, more PI-positive neurons were detected. Compared with the control group, the concentration of neuron specific enolase in the injured culture increased significantly after 1 hour of injury (P< 0.05).Conclusions: The established model of hippocampal neuron injury in vitro can be repeated easily and can simulate the damage mechanism of traumatic brain injury, which can be used in the future research of traumatic brain injury.
