高速公路IC卡管理系统设计初探

我国高速公路目前普遍采用非接触式IC卡作为通行券,入口发卡,出口读卡,人工收费,计算机管理的半自动收费方式.鉴于卡的成本较高,需求数量大,这种通行券往往需要反复地循环使用.因而,IC卡的管理已经成为高速公路收费系统不可缺少的功能之一.由于卡的分散性和流动性大,如果管理不善,不仅会造成卡的大量流失,还可能因卡的平衡调节不当而影响正常收费业务.因此,努力寻求卓有成效的IC卡管理办法,尤其对当前发展高速公路"一卡通"联网收费更为迫切.

Is the ‘Circuit Breaker’ to Blame for the Stock Market Fall?

In an effort to tame the frenzied stock market last year,the China Securities Regulatory Commission（CSRC）implemented a＂circuit breaker＂mechanism to mitigate the impact of future fluctuations.The mechanism started operating on January 4,but was subsequently responsible for the early end of the first day of trading in 2016.