农民工养老保险的福利经济学分析

本文将我国统账结合的养老保险体系引入到两期的生命周期模型中,通过分析农民工的社会福利函数,寻找最优的缴费比例和统筹比例。得出的结论是:缴费比例的增大会增加农民工的社会福利,但应考虑农民工和企业的缴费能力;农民工个人缴费的适度水平为7.3%,企业缴费的适度水平为15.9%。同时得出当统筹比例为1时,农民工的社会福利最大,即农民工偏好于现收现付制。因而农民工养老保险体系应以现收现付为主,同时国家要采取相应措施以缩小农民工和城镇职工的收入差距,以达到维护社会公平、减少养老保险的收支缺口的目的。

日本养老保险制度的特征和面临的问题

日本的养老保险由所有国民参保的国民养老保险和福利养老保险两部分组成,是政府直接运营管理的一种公共机制。与世界上其他发达国家的养老保险一样,采用社会保险方式、物价变动、终身养老金、赋税方式等机制。它对日本高龄者老后的收入保障起到重要作用。但是由于日本少子老龄化程度不断加剧,政府致力于为建立一种国民信赖的、稳定的、可持续发展的制度而不断改革。

On the ＂real people＂ in social security -Based on the existing social security system in China

In Chinese the existing social security system mode, all the provinces of the endowment insurance, social welfare, medical care and other aspects there are many problems, such as the loss of independence for the elderly pension problems, nursing homes, the contradiction between supply and demand of the elderly spiritual comfort and social medical assistance etc. there was a lot of trouble, but also formulated by the state the social security system does not take into account the above situation, this article mainly from the angle analysis, we propose to combine the actual situation in the present and make some laws and regulations, through the redistribution of national finance, provide material guarantee to solve the fundamental contradiction of reality and to solve this problem fundamentally, to avoid the occurrence of social conflicts. The discussion of the people in the reality of social security has the double meaning of theory and practice.