Electron affinities (EAs) of most lanthanide elements still remain unknown due to their relatively low EA values. In the present work, the cryogenically controlled ion trap is used for accumulating atomic lutetium ani...Electron affinities (EAs) of most lanthanide elements still remain unknown due to their relatively low EA values. In the present work, the cryogenically controlled ion trap is used for accumulating atomic lutetium anion Lu^-, which makes the measurement of electron affinity of lutetium become practicable. The high-resolution photoelectron spectra of Lu^- are obtained via the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method. The electron affinity of Lu is determined to be 1926.2(50) cm^-1 or 0.23882(62) eV. In addition, two excited states of Lu^- are observed.展开更多
As a critical component of alkaline fuel cells, anion exchange membranes determine the energy efficiency, output power density and the long term stability. Recently, the anion exchange membranes with gemini-cation sid...As a critical component of alkaline fuel cells, anion exchange membranes determine the energy efficiency, output power density and the long term stability. Recently, the anion exchange membranes with gemini-cation side chains exhibit superior ion conductivity due to their good nanophase separation. However, the costly and complicated synthesis limits their scaling up and commercialization. To address this problem, a convenient synthetic procedure under mild conditions is well developed. A tertiary amine precursor is introduced onto the polymer by the nucleophilic substitution reaction to avoid the conventional chloro/bromo-methylation. Followed by a simple Menshutkin reaction with 6- bromo-N,N,N-trimethylhexan-1-am inium bromide, the polym er electrolytes are obtained in a high yield. The resulting anion exchange membranes with high conductivity, good fuel cell performance and restricted swelling suggest the potential for the application in fuel cell devices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.91736102)the National Key R&D program of China (No.2018YFA0306504)
文摘Electron affinities (EAs) of most lanthanide elements still remain unknown due to their relatively low EA values. In the present work, the cryogenically controlled ion trap is used for accumulating atomic lutetium anion Lu^-, which makes the measurement of electron affinity of lutetium become practicable. The high-resolution photoelectron spectra of Lu^- are obtained via the slow-electron velocity-map imaging method. The electron affinity of Lu is determined to be 1926.2(50) cm^-1 or 0.23882(62) eV. In addition, two excited states of Lu^- are observed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21720102003, 91534203 and 21522607)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2060190072 and WK2340000066)
文摘As a critical component of alkaline fuel cells, anion exchange membranes determine the energy efficiency, output power density and the long term stability. Recently, the anion exchange membranes with gemini-cation side chains exhibit superior ion conductivity due to their good nanophase separation. However, the costly and complicated synthesis limits their scaling up and commercialization. To address this problem, a convenient synthetic procedure under mild conditions is well developed. A tertiary amine precursor is introduced onto the polymer by the nucleophilic substitution reaction to avoid the conventional chloro/bromo-methylation. Followed by a simple Menshutkin reaction with 6- bromo-N,N,N-trimethylhexan-1-am inium bromide, the polym er electrolytes are obtained in a high yield. The resulting anion exchange membranes with high conductivity, good fuel cell performance and restricted swelling suggest the potential for the application in fuel cell devices.
