选定了4种离子交换树脂型催化剂(Amberlyst15,Dowex50Wx2,Nafion NR 50,Aquivion PW79S)进行了三丁酸甘油酯合成反应。考察了反应温度、丁酸/甘油摩尔比、催化剂用量等因素对甘油转化率和三丁酸甘油酯选择性的影响。得到最佳反应条件为...选定了4种离子交换树脂型催化剂(Amberlyst15,Dowex50Wx2,Nafion NR 50,Aquivion PW79S)进行了三丁酸甘油酯合成反应。考察了反应温度、丁酸/甘油摩尔比、催化剂用量等因素对甘油转化率和三丁酸甘油酯选择性的影响。得到最佳反应条件为:反应温度140℃,丁酸/甘油摩尔比5∶1,m催化剂∶m原料=5%。在此工艺条件下,Aquivion具有很高的甘油转化率(99.5%)和三丁酸甘油酯选择性(98.7%)。由于Aquivion催化剂在水中会发生明显的溶胀现象,经过3次再生后,活性下降明显。展开更多
This paper reviews the recent achievements in the immobilization of metal nanoparticles on ion-exchange resins and the related catalytic application. The focus is on the production processes for fine and commodity che...This paper reviews the recent achievements in the immobilization of metal nanoparticles on ion-exchange resins and the related catalytic application. The focus is on the production processes for fine and commodity chemicals for which a low environmental impact has been demonstrated. The most significant papers that appeared in the literature from January 2010 to July 2014 have been covered. Their uses in unselective processes, bulk chemicals production, fuel cells components, as well as the use of metal-free ion-exchange resins in acid / base-catalysed reactions, were not included.展开更多
文摘选定了4种离子交换树脂型催化剂(Amberlyst15,Dowex50Wx2,Nafion NR 50,Aquivion PW79S)进行了三丁酸甘油酯合成反应。考察了反应温度、丁酸/甘油摩尔比、催化剂用量等因素对甘油转化率和三丁酸甘油酯选择性的影响。得到最佳反应条件为:反应温度140℃,丁酸/甘油摩尔比5∶1,m催化剂∶m原料=5%。在此工艺条件下,Aquivion具有很高的甘油转化率(99.5%)和三丁酸甘油酯选择性(98.7%)。由于Aquivion催化剂在水中会发生明显的溶胀现象,经过3次再生后,活性下降明显。
文摘This paper reviews the recent achievements in the immobilization of metal nanoparticles on ion-exchange resins and the related catalytic application. The focus is on the production processes for fine and commodity chemicals for which a low environmental impact has been demonstrated. The most significant papers that appeared in the literature from January 2010 to July 2014 have been covered. Their uses in unselective processes, bulk chemicals production, fuel cells components, as well as the use of metal-free ion-exchange resins in acid / base-catalysed reactions, were not included.
文摘采用乙二胺对磺酸型阳离子交换树脂进行胺化改性,并运用CHNS元素分析及傅里叶变换红外光谱对改性树脂进行了表征。结果表明,胺化改性后树脂含氮量为0.94 mmol?g?1,改性后树脂骨架结构变化不大,胺基成功固载到树脂上,碱性增强,使氢型树脂成为具有酸碱双功能的催化剂。在催化环己酮缩合反应中考察了胺化量、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、带水剂种类及用量等条件对反应的影响。实验结果表明,以甲苯为带水剂效果较好。在5%(wt)胺化量改性树脂,10%(wt)催化剂用量,7 m L甲苯为带水剂,120℃反应3 h的优化条件下,环己酮转化率为62.1%,二聚物选择性98.0%,体现出了酸碱协同催化环己酮缩合反应优异性能。改性树脂重复使用5次后,催化性能仍较稳定。