聚驱后阳离子变形虫颗粒类调剖剂效果评价

利用阳离子变形虫颗粒类调剖剂,开展聚驱后残余聚合物再利用实验和现场试验.结果表明:阳离子变形虫颗粒类调剖剂具有较好变形性,可向岩心深部运移,与聚合物进一步反应产生絮凝体,增加对岩心的渗流阻力;阳离子变形虫与乙酸铬复合后可进一步提高残余聚合物的利用率及岩心的封堵效果,聚驱后还能提高10%的原油采收率.现场试验结果表明:高渗透调剖段部位的吸水能力得到控制,调剖前后吸水剖面发生明显变化;调剖井组综合含水率得到控制,中心油井综合含水率最高降低4.45%,其技术具有可行性.

对金属阳离子变形性的讨论

根据改进了的Ｓｌａｔｅｒ规则计算了阳离子价层中最高占有轨道、最低空轨道的能量和Ｃｌ~－、Ｏ^（２－）阴离子价层轨道能量．结合能量相近原理分析了离子变形过程及电子密度，得出了阳离子变形性与离子构型间的关系为：８电子型＜９～１７，１８电子型＜１８＋２电子型．这一结果与有关文献相符．

离子极化理论教学优化与实践

离子极化理论对于理解无机化合物的结构与性质变化具有广泛适用性,是离子键理论的重要补充。本文在讨论衡量离子极化程度的离子极化力、离子极化率、离子极化能和极化度等定性到定量标度基础上,针对现行多数无机化学教材极化理论集中讲授而知识点应用分散,导致理论学习抽象难理解,离子构型复杂难掌握和规律性变化应用难的实际,提出在离子极化理论教学过程中通过正确理解极化与变形辩证统一,深刻领会离子极化普遍性与特殊性,利用案例化教学解决理论集中学习而知识点应用分散教学实践矛盾,实现了离子极化理论优化教学及学生系统理解、综合分析和比较判断能力的提升。

Microstructure and magnetic properties of anisotropic Nd-Fe-B magnets prepared by spark plasma sintering and hot deformation

Bulk anisotropic Nd-Fe-B magnets were prepared from hydrogen-disproportionation-desorption-recombination（HDDR） powders via spark plasma sintering（SPS） and subsequent hot deformation. The influence of sintering temperature on the structure and magnetic properties of the spark plasma sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets were studied. The remanence Br, intrinsic coercivity Hcj, and the maximum energy product（BH）max, of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets first increase and then decrease with the increase of sintering temperature, TSPS, from 650 °C to 900 °C. The optimal magnetic properties can be obtained when TSPS is 800 °C. The Nd-Fe-B magnet sinter treated at 800 °C was subjected to further hot deformation. Compared with the starting HDDR powders or the SPS treated magnets, the hot-deformed magnets present more obvious anisotropy and possess much better magnetic properties due to the good c-axis texture formed in the deformation process. The anisotropic magnet deformed at 800 °C with 50% compression ratio has a microstructure consisting of well aligned and platelet-shaped Nd2Fe14 B grains without abnormal grain growth and exhibits excellent magnetic properties parallel to the pressing axis.

Microstructure and compressive deformation of hypereutectic Al-Si-Fe based P/M alloys fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Al-Si-Fe based alloys are attractive light-weight structural materials for automotive engine components because of their high wear resistance, low density and low thermal expansion. Al-17Si 5Fe-2Cu-lMg-lNi-lZr alloys were produced in compact form by a spark plasma sintering （SPS） technique using gas atomized powders. The mean grain size of the compact was 530 nm, and fine equiaxed grains and uniformly distributed precipitates were observed in the compact. The compressive deformation behavior of the SPSed materials was examined at various temperatures and strain rates. All the true stress-true strain curves showed steady state flow after reaching peak stress. The peak stress decreased with increasing test temperature and decreasing strain rate. In the deformed specimens, the equiaxed grain morphology and the dislocation microstructure within the equiaxed grains were observed. These facts strongly indicated the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization during high temperature deformation of the present alloy.

Wear resistance of TC4 by deformation accelerated plasma nitriding at 400 °C

An integrated low temperature nitriding process for TC4（Ti6Al4V） has been developed and the effect on wear resistance has been investigated. Through the process of solid solution strengthening—cold deformation—nitriding at 400℃, the TC4 alloy is nitrided on surface and dispersion strengthened in bulk at the same time. The white nitriding layer is formed after some time of nitriding. The nitriding speed increases with the deformation degree. The construction was investigated by XRD and the nitride is Ti3N（2-X）. The wear test was carried out and results exhibit that the nitrided samples have better wear resistance.

Characterization of microstructure and strain response in Ti-6Al-4V plasma welding deposited material by combined EBSD and in-situ tensile test

Additive layer manufacturing （ALM） of aerospace grade titanium components shows great promise in supplying a cost-effective alternative to the conventional production routes. Complex microstructures comprised of columnar remnants of directionally solidifiedβ-grains, with interior inhabited by colonies of finerα-plate structures, were found in samples produced by layered plasma welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The application of in-situ tensile tests combined with rapid offline electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） analysis provides a powerful tool for understanding and drawing qualitative correlations between microstructural features and deformation characteristics. Non-uniform deformation occurs due to a strong variation in strain response between colonies and across columnar grain boundaries. Prismatic and basal slip systems are active, with the prismatic systems contributing to the most severe deformation through coarse and widely spaced slip lines. Certain colonies behave as microstructural units, with easy slip transmission across the entire colony. Other regions exhibit significant deformation mismatch, with local build-up of strain gradients and stress concentration. The segmentation occurs due to the growth morphology and variant constraints imposed by the columnar solidification structures through orientation relationships, interface alignment and preferred growth directions. Tensile tests perpendicular to columnar structures reveal deformation localization at columnar grain boundaries. In this work connections are made between the theoretical macro- and microstructural growth mechanisms and the observed microstructure of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which in turn is linked to observations during in-situ tensile tests.

离子的极化作用及对化合物性质的影响

本文介绍了离子的极化作用,离子极化作用和变形性的某些规律,离子极化对化合物性质的影响,如溶解性,热稳定性,导电率和金属性等。

Hot deformation behaviour and processing maps of AA6061-10 vol. % SiC composite prepared by spark plasma sintering

AA6061-10 vol.% SiC composite was successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering. The deformation behaviour of this composite was studied using the uniaxial compression test, which was conducted at temperatures between 300 and 500℃ and strain rates between 0.001 and 1 s^-1. Results indicate that the stress-strain curves of the AA6061-10 vol.% SiC composite typically feature dynamic recrystallization. The steady stress can be described by a hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, and the activation energy of the composite is 230.88 kJ/mol. The processing map was established according to the dynamic materials model. The optimum hot deformation temperature is 450-500℃ and the strain rate is 1-0.1 s^-1. The instability zones of flow behaviour can also be identified using the processing map.

In situ deposited multilayer integrated hydrogels for deformable and stretchable supercapacitors

Hydrogel systems promote the development of flexible energy storage devices because of their inherent mechanical elasticity and ionic conductivity.However,achieving stable energy storage capacity under violent mechanical deformation is still a challenge for hydrogel devices.In this work,an all-in-one integrated supercapacitor(AISC)was assembled using in situ deposited polyaniline/graphene oxide nanocomposites for both sides of the incorporated ionic hydrogel electrolyte.The assembly process of the AISC was greatly simplified,and the displacement and separation of the multilayer structured hydrogel complex were avoided during mechanical deformation.The hydrogel electrolyte with ionic additives exhibited strong adhesion and flexibility,and high ionic conductivity,thereby ensuring the excellent specific capacitance and rate performance of the AISC.The specific capacitances of the AISC were 222.8 mF cm^(−2) at the current density of 0.2 mA cm^(−2) and 151.7 mF cm^(−2) at 3.2 mA cm^(−2).The capacitance retention rate was 68.1%.The energy density of a piece of the device reached 44.6μW h cm^(−2) at a power density of 120.0μW cm^(−2).Moreover,reliable and reproducible energy storage was acquired under bending,compression,and stretching deformations.The AISC was also easily assembled in series to power a light-emitting diode(LED)light.This work provides a facile approach to the construction of flexible supercapacitors for the development of energy storage devices in flexible electronics.