The objective of this article was to analyze the poultry and derivatives commerce between Brazil and China, taking into account the current market and the perspectives for the next years. The method used was the bibli...The objective of this article was to analyze the poultry and derivatives commerce between Brazil and China, taking into account the current market and the perspectives for the next years. The method used was the bibliographic review and analysis of secondary data from different sources, associated with the Market Orientation Theory and the Value Chain Theory. Nowadays, China is Brazil＇s main commercial partner in the international market, but taking into account the chicken meat and its derivatives, having Brazil as the first worldwide exporter and China, the second largest consumer, an effective commercial relationship has not been established yet. To understand the poultry market exchanges between Brazil and China, a framework was built to demonstrate the characteristics and factors found to influence country negotiations, considering current reality and future perspectives. Considering the Theory of Market Orientation, it is concluded that Brazil has effective conditions to consolidate itself as a major supplier of chicken meat and derivatives to China, because it shows determinant characteristics and market factors that allows the association of the national poultry value chain to the demands of the Chinese consumers, but some adjustments are needed in the sphere of international politics.展开更多
In this review, features and new trends on Turkish poultry industry are evaluated. Turkish poultry industry has rapidly developed in last years in especially broiler meat and egg production. As a result of these devel...In this review, features and new trends on Turkish poultry industry are evaluated. Turkish poultry industry has rapidly developed in last years in especially broiler meat and egg production. As a result of these developments, The Turkish poultry sector is recognized as an industry. The industry has advantages such as modem facilities and production methods, thanks to international standards and international markets in close proximity, making it able to compete with the whole world. However, industry has some problems such as the high costs of the production and dependence on extemal inputs for raw materials in feed and breeders. Fortunately, Turkey is an interesting country that can adapt very quickly to emergencies. Turkish poultry industry is trying to adapt to new and difficult conditions and often succeeded. The policies being followed by the elimination of dependence in foreign, measures taken to reduce costs and the growth of the industry are supported in an increasingly manner to increase production and consumption. Thus, it is aimed that the Turkish poultry industry became much more useful industry on reduction in unemployment and finding a solution to the immigration problem by healthier, faster and planned development.展开更多
Human infections with influenza H7 subtypes, such as H7Ng, have raised concerns worldwide. Here, we report a human infection with a novel influenza A（HTN4） virus. A 68 years-old woman with cardiovascular and cholecy...Human infections with influenza H7 subtypes, such as H7Ng, have raised concerns worldwide. Here, we report a human infection with a novel influenza A（HTN4） virus. A 68 years-old woman with cardiovascular and cholecystic comorbidities developed rapidly progressed pneumonia with influenza-like-illness as initial symptom, recovered after 23 days-hospitalization including 8 days in ICLI. Laboratory indicators for liver and blood coagulation dysfunction were observed. Oseltamivir phosphate, glucocorticoids and antibiotics were jointly implemented, with nasal catheterization of oxygen inhalation for this patient. We obtained the medical records and collected serial respiratory and blood specimens from her. We col- lected throat, cloacal and/or feces samples of poultry and wild birds from the patient＇s backyard, neigh- borhood, local live poultry markets （LPMs） and the nearest lake. All close contacts of the patient were followed up and sampled with throat swabs and sera. Influenza viruses and other respiratory pathogens were tested by real-time RT-PCR, viral culturing and/or sequencing for human respiratory and bird sam- ples. Micro-neutralizing assay was performed for sera. A novel reassortant wild bird-origin H7N4 virus is identified from the patient and her backyard poultry （chickens and ducks） by sequencing, which is dis- tinct from previously-reported avian H7N4 and H7N9 viruses. At least four folds increase of neutralizing antibodies to H7N4 was detected in her convalescent sera. No samples from close contacts, wild birds or other poultry were tested positive for H7N4 by real-time RT-PCR.展开更多
Dear Editor,Avian influenza viruses （AIVs） have posed a serious threat to poultry production and public health. To date, more than fourteen AIV subtypes that are able to infect human beings have been documented. Als...Dear Editor,Avian influenza viruses （AIVs） have posed a serious threat to poultry production and public health. To date, more than fourteen AIV subtypes that are able to infect human beings have been documented. Also, it is suggested that new subtypes may be reported in the future, owing to the migration of wild birds and live poultry transportation （Gao, 2018）.Poultry may act as a potential incubator for novel subtypes of avian influenza virus （Bi et al., 2016a; Bi et al., 2016b; Liu et al., 2014a; Su et al., 2017）. Up to date.展开更多
文摘The objective of this article was to analyze the poultry and derivatives commerce between Brazil and China, taking into account the current market and the perspectives for the next years. The method used was the bibliographic review and analysis of secondary data from different sources, associated with the Market Orientation Theory and the Value Chain Theory. Nowadays, China is Brazil＇s main commercial partner in the international market, but taking into account the chicken meat and its derivatives, having Brazil as the first worldwide exporter and China, the second largest consumer, an effective commercial relationship has not been established yet. To understand the poultry market exchanges between Brazil and China, a framework was built to demonstrate the characteristics and factors found to influence country negotiations, considering current reality and future perspectives. Considering the Theory of Market Orientation, it is concluded that Brazil has effective conditions to consolidate itself as a major supplier of chicken meat and derivatives to China, because it shows determinant characteristics and market factors that allows the association of the national poultry value chain to the demands of the Chinese consumers, but some adjustments are needed in the sphere of international politics.
文摘In this review, features and new trends on Turkish poultry industry are evaluated. Turkish poultry industry has rapidly developed in last years in especially broiler meat and egg production. As a result of these developments, The Turkish poultry sector is recognized as an industry. The industry has advantages such as modem facilities and production methods, thanks to international standards and international markets in close proximity, making it able to compete with the whole world. However, industry has some problems such as the high costs of the production and dependence on extemal inputs for raw materials in feed and breeders. Fortunately, Turkey is an interesting country that can adapt very quickly to emergencies. Turkish poultry industry is trying to adapt to new and difficult conditions and often succeeded. The policies being followed by the elimination of dependence in foreign, measures taken to reduce costs and the growth of the industry are supported in an increasingly manner to increase production and consumption. Thus, it is aimed that the Turkish poultry industry became much more useful industry on reduction in unemployment and finding a solution to the immigration problem by healthier, faster and planned development.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2015ZX09101044)Science & Technology Demonstration Project for Emerging Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, China (BE2015714 & BE2017749)Key Medical Discipline of Jiangsu Science & Technology Project of China (epidemiology,ZDXKA2016008)
文摘Human infections with influenza H7 subtypes, such as H7Ng, have raised concerns worldwide. Here, we report a human infection with a novel influenza A（HTN4） virus. A 68 years-old woman with cardiovascular and cholecystic comorbidities developed rapidly progressed pneumonia with influenza-like-illness as initial symptom, recovered after 23 days-hospitalization including 8 days in ICLI. Laboratory indicators for liver and blood coagulation dysfunction were observed. Oseltamivir phosphate, glucocorticoids and antibiotics were jointly implemented, with nasal catheterization of oxygen inhalation for this patient. We obtained the medical records and collected serial respiratory and blood specimens from her. We col- lected throat, cloacal and/or feces samples of poultry and wild birds from the patient＇s backyard, neigh- borhood, local live poultry markets （LPMs） and the nearest lake. All close contacts of the patient were followed up and sampled with throat swabs and sera. Influenza viruses and other respiratory pathogens were tested by real-time RT-PCR, viral culturing and/or sequencing for human respiratory and bird sam- ples. Micro-neutralizing assay was performed for sera. A novel reassortant wild bird-origin H7N4 virus is identified from the patient and her backyard poultry （chickens and ducks） by sequencing, which is dis- tinct from previously-reported avian H7N4 and H7N9 viruses. At least four folds increase of neutralizing antibodies to H7N4 was detected in her convalescent sera. No samples from close contacts, wild birds or other poultry were tested positive for H7N4 by real-time RT-PCR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81401312, 81373141, 81502857)National Grand Project on Prevention and Control of Major Infectious Diseases (2016ZX10004222-003)+3 种基金the intramural special grant for influenza virus research from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZD-EW-L15)George F. Gao is a leading principal investigator of the National Natural Science Foundation of China Innovative Research Group (81621091)Weifeng Shi is supported by the Taishan Scholars program of Shandong Province (ts201511056)Yuhai Bi is supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) (2017122)
文摘Dear Editor,Avian influenza viruses （AIVs） have posed a serious threat to poultry production and public health. To date, more than fourteen AIV subtypes that are able to infect human beings have been documented. Also, it is suggested that new subtypes may be reported in the future, owing to the migration of wild birds and live poultry transportation （Gao, 2018）.Poultry may act as a potential incubator for novel subtypes of avian influenza virus （Bi et al., 2016a; Bi et al., 2016b; Liu et al., 2014a; Su et al., 2017）. Up to date.
