细风轮菜种子化学成分研究

对细风轮菜种子化学成分的研究表明,种子含大量脂肪油(23.25%),油中含大量不饱和脂肪酸:亚麻酸(66.929%)、亚油酸(21.813%)、油酸(4.596%),总量达93.338%。此外,种子还含18种氨基酸和18种矿质元素。因此,种子和种子油具有较高营养价值和药用保健功效。

氧化铝生产过程中有机物脱除路径研究及应用

随着国内铝土矿资源禀赋越来越差,越来越多的氧化铝企业使用进口铝土矿生产氧化铝,2023年中国氧化铝矿石对外依存度达到60.7%。相较国内铝土矿以沉积型一水硬铝石为主的特性,进口铝土矿主要为红土型三水铝石,有机碳含量高。系统有机碳的积累,会对沉降及分解过程带来不利影响,严重时将带来产品质量不达标,甚至会影响流程正常运行,产量大幅降低,运行成本升高。结合当前矿源特性及某企业运行控制经验,对有机物脱除路径进行分析研究总结,探索氧化铝生产过程中有机物脱除更为经济高效的方法。

组织工程骨的研究

目的 综述组织工程骨研究中的种子细胞、支架材料和组织构建的近期进展。 方法 广泛查阅近期有关组织工程骨的研究文献 ,着重在研究和探索人骨髓细胞体外培养、乌贼骨改性和骨组织构建动物实验。 结果 人骨髓细胞培养中诱导、分化出成骨细胞 ;首次将乌贼骨改性为乌贼骨羟基磷灰石 ;构建出成骨细胞 / CHA5 0 0 R、成骨细胞 /乌贼骨羟基磷灰石、成骨细胞 /聚羟基丁酸酯等组织工程骨。 结论 骨髓来源的成骨细胞和上述支架材料构建的组织工程骨有望在临床上应用。

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茄科植物莨菪Hyoscyamus niger L．。一年或二年生草本，高可达1米，全体被有黏性腺毛和柔毛；基生叶常丛生成莲座状，茎生叶互生，基部半抱茎，叶片长圆形，边缘羽状深裂或浅裂；花单生叶腋，常于茎端密集，花冠漏斗状，黄绿色，具紫色脉纹，雄蕊5，不等长，花药深紫色；蒴果藏于宿萼内，卵球形，成熟时盖裂；种子细小，扁卵形或扁肾形，表面具细密隆起的网状纹理。

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茄科植物莨菪Hyoscyamus niger L．。一年或二年生草本，高可达1米，全体被有黏性腺毛和柔毛；基生叶常丛生成莲座状，茎生叶互生，基部半抱茎，叶片长圆形，边缘羽状深裂或浅裂；花单生叶腋，常于茎端密集，花冠漏斗状，黄绿色，具紫色脉纹，雄蕊5，不等长，花药深紫色；蒴果藏于宿萼内，卵球形，成熟时盖裂；种子细小，扁卵形或扁肾形，表面具细密隆起的网状纹理。花期6～7月，果期8-9月。莨菪常生于林边、田野、路旁等处，有少量栽培。主要分布于河北、河南、内蒙古及东北、西北诸省区。

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茄科植物莨菪Hyoscyamus，niger L．。一年或二年生草本，高可达1米，全体被有黏性腺毛和柔毛；基生叶常丛生成莲座状，茎生叶互生，基部半抱茎，叶片长圆形，边缘羽状深裂或浅裂；花单生叶腋，常于茎端密集，花冠漏斗状，黄绿色，具紫色脉纹，雄蕊5，不等长，花药深紫色；蒴果藏于宿萼内，卵球形，成熟时盖裂；种子细小，扁卵形或扁肾形，表面具细密隆起的网状纹理。花期6-7月，果期8-9月。莨菪常生于林边、田野、路旁等处，有少量栽培。主要分布于河北、河南、内蒙古及东北、西北诸省区。

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茄科植物莨菪Hyoscyamus niger L.。一年或二年生草本，高可达1米，全体被有黏性腺毛和柔毛；基生叶常丛生成莲座状，茎生叶互生，基部半抱茎，叶片长圆形，边缘羽状深裂或浅裂；花单生叶腋，常于茎端密集，花冠漏斗状，黄绿色，具紫色脉纹，雄蕊5，不等长，花药深紫色；蒴果藏于宿萼内，卵球形，成熟时盖裂；种子细小，扁卵形或扁肾形，表面具细密隆起的网状纹理。花期6～7月，果期8～9月。莨菪常生于林边、田野、路旁等处，有少量栽培。主要分布于河北、河南、内蒙古及东北、西北诸省区。

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茄科植物莨菪Hyoscyamus niger L．。一年或二年生草本，高可达1米，全体被有黏性腺毛和柔毛；基生叶常丛生成莲座状，茎生叶互生，基部半抱茎，叶片长圆形，边缘羽状深裂或浅裂；花单生叶腋，常于茎端密集，花冠漏斗状，黄绿色，具紫色脉纹，雄蕊5，不等长，花药深紫色；蒴果藏于宿萼内，卵球形，成熟时盖裂；种子细小，扁卵形或扁肾形，表面具细密隆起的网状纹理。花期6～7月，果期8～9月。莨菪常生于林边、田野、路旁等处，有少量栽培。主要分布于河北、河南、内蒙古及东北、西北诸省区。

Micro-heterogeneity of Storage Glutelin in Rice Seed

The storage glutelin in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) seeds could be separated at least into more than 13 acidic and 19 basic polypeptides by two dimensional electrophoresis. Rice glutelin might be mainly controlled by about six major genes according to the expression of glutelin polypeptides. The acidic polypeptide of glutelin could be clearly separated into two groups by peptide mapping and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis. These two groups were just in accord with the GluA and GluB subfamilies exactly.

辣根

辣根又称西洋山嵛菜、马萝卜、山萝卜、粉山葵,为十字花科马萝卜属多年生直立草本宿根耐寒植物。其株高1米上下,全体无毛;根肉质肥大,呈纺锤形,白色,下部分枝;茎粗壮,表面有纵沟,多分枝;基生叶长圆形或长圆状卵形,边缘具圆齿,顶端短尖或渐尖,基部心形或楔形而稍下延,叶片背面羽状网脉突起,叶柄半圆形;花序排列成圆锥状,花多数,花梗纤细,花瓣白色,倒卵形;子房卵圆形,果瓣隆起,具网状脉,无中脉,熟时开裂,种子细小,扁圆形;花期4~5月,

Biological Effects of Stevia rebaudianum Induced by Carbon Ion Implantation

The biological effects during seed germination were investigated after the dry seeds of Stevia rebaudianum Bertoni were implanted with carbon ion beam of 75 keV and 10 14 ions/cm 2. The results showed that the germination rate of carbon ion implanted seeds was slightly higher than that of the control, but the survival rate of the treated seedlings, on the contrary, was lower than that of the control (P<0.02), while the height of the treated seedlings was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.01). On the 4th day after germination, the leaf cell wall in the treated group was thick, some high electron_dense substance deposited in the enlarged plasmodesma; Cell membrane creased with high electron_dense granules deposited on it. The plasma membrane protruded towards cell wall, and the granules shifted via plasmodesma or deposited onto cell wall. These phenomena may be related to the conveyance of implanted ions across cell wall, or be related to the accumulation of callose. In addition, the implantation of carbon ions could increase the lamellae of the chloroplast and cause high development of the chloroplast which sometimes contained two plastid centers in an individual chloroplast. Also, the highly developed cristae, abundant mitochondria and typical crystalloid structure in microbody could be found. All these results indicated that the anabolic and catabolic activities in the seedlings implanted with carbon ions before germination were obviously more active than those in the controls.

CRTER近期组稿重点内容

在种子细跑研究领域 在细胞层面：关注成体细胞的干细胞转化，胚胎干细胞，脐血及脐带干细胞，羊膜及羊水干细胞，关注它们的生物学特征以及干细胞表观遗传与克隆。

Liver bioengineering:Current status and future perspectives

The present review aims to illustrate the strategies that are being implemented to regenerate or bioengineer livers for clinical purposes.There are two general pathways to liver bioengineering and regeneration.The first consists of creating a supporting scaffold,either synthetically or by decellularization of human or animal organs,and seeding cells on the scaffold,where they will mature either in bioreactors or in vivo.This strategy seems to offer the quickest route to clinical translation,as demonstrated by the development of liver organoids from rodent livers which were repopulated with organ specific cells of animal and/or human origin.Liver bioengineering has potential for transplantation and for toxicity testing during preclinical drug development.The second possibility is to induce liver regeneration of dead or resected tissue by manipulating cell pathways.In fact,it is well known that the liver has peculiar regenerative potential which allows hepatocyte hyperplasia after amputation of liver volume.Infusion of autologous bone marrow cells,which aids in liver regeneration,into patients was shown to be safe and to improve their clinical condition,but the specific cells responsible for liver regeneration have not yet been determined and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.A complete understanding of the cell pathways and dynamics and of the functioning of liver stem cell niche is necessary for the clinical translation of regenerative medicine strategies.As well,it will be crucial to elucidate the mechanisms through which cells interact with the extracellular matrix,and how this latter supports and drives cell fate.

A suppressed gene in integument cells of a fiberless seed mutant in upland cotton

A fiberless seed mutant (fl) was identified in a commercial cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) variety Xu Zhou 142 (FL). This phenotype is associated with lack of fiber cell initiation in the outer integument of the ovule, as was characterized by analysis of genes related to fiber differentiation and development. Two genes, fl E6 and FL E6, were cloned from fl integument cells and FL fiber or integument cells, respectively. Compared with FL E6, fl E6 showed a dramatic change in nucleotide sequence: (1) FL E6 contained a tandem repetitive sequence in which GGCTCA (Gly Ser) is repeated five times between the 82nd and the 93rd codon from the first ATG codon, while in fl E6 the same sequence is repeated four times; (2) The fl E6 gene encodes a polypeptide of 241 amino acids but lacks two codons between the 90th and 93rd codon and three between the 171st and 174th relative to FL E6; (3) There are also 12 nucleotide substitutions which would result in 7 amino acid differences between fl E6 and FL E6. Analysis of RT PCR and Northern Blot showed that expression of the fl E6 gene is suppressed in the fl integument cells, but highly expressed in FL fiber cells. The difference between fl E6 and FL E6 may be associated with lower expression of fl E6 in the fl integument cells. Searches of protein databases with the FL E6 gene sequence showed similarity to the protein backbones of two arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), one from the filtrate of suspension cultured cells of Pyrus communis (AGPPc2) and the other from Nicotiana alata (AGPNa2). Although the function of the FL E6 protein in differentiation and development of cotton fiber cells is not known, the data indicate that the mutation of fl E6 gene from FL E6 gene may inhibit the fiber cell initiation from epidermal cells of the outer integument of the ovule.

An effective vaccine against colon cancer in mice:Use of recombinant adenovirus interleukin-12 transduced dendritic cells

AIM： To investigate the effect of a vaccine with recombinant adenovirus interleukin-12 （AdVIL-12） transduced dendritic cells （DCs） against colon cancer in mice. METHODS： DCs and AdVIL-12 were incubated together at different time intervals and at different doses. Supernatant was collected and tested for IL-12 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. In order to determine whether tumor cell lysate-pulsed （TP） AdVIL-12/DCs enhance therapeutic potential in the established tumor model, CT26 colon tumor cells were implanted subcutaneously （s.c.） in the midflank of naive BALB/c mice. Tumor-bearing mice were injected with a vaccination of CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs on d 3 and 10. As a protective colon tumor model, naive BALB/c mice were immunized s.c. in their abdomens with CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs twice at seven day intervals. After the immunization on d 7, the mice were challenged with a lethal dose of CT26 tumor cells and survival times were evaluated. Subsequently, cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） activity and interferon gamma （IFNy） secretion was evaluated in the immunized mice, and assayed CTL ex vivo. RESULTS： Murine DCs were retrovirally transduced with AdVIL-12 efficiency, and the AdVIL-12 transduced DCs secreted a high level of IL-12 （AdVIL-12/DCs, 615.27 ± 42.3 pg/mL vs DCs, 46.32 ± 7.29 pg/mL, P 〈 0.05）. Vaccination with CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs could enhance anti-tumor immunity against CT26 colon tumor in murine therapeutic models （tumor volume on d 19：CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs 107 ± 42 mm^3 vs CT26 TP DCs 383± 65 mm^3, P 〈 0.05） and protective models. Moreover, the CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DC vaccination enhances tumor-specific CTL activity, producing high levels of IFN7 in immunized mice. Ex vivo primed T cells with AdVIL-12/DCs were able to induce more effective CTL activity than in primed T cells with CT26 TP/DCs （E：T = 100：1, 69.49% ± 6.11% specific lysis vs 37.44% ＋ 4.32% specific lysis, P 〈 0.05）.CONCLUSION： Vaccination with recombinant AdVIL-12 transduced DC pulsed tumor cell lysate enhance antitumor immunity specific to colon cancer in mice.

Determination of Some Design Parameters for Roller Type Seed Metering Device

There are many design parameters in precision planters to be considered such as cell diameter, peripheral speed of roller, number of cells, manner of feeding seeds into cell and travel speed. In precision planters each cell must contain only one seed. Therefore, sliding the seed to the cell is important and depends on several parameters such as seed repose angle, seed dimensions and physics of cell. To help the seed to repose in the cell, making a groove on the roller would be very useful. Dimensions of this groove are very important and are considered as basic design parameters. This research was performed to determine some design parameters such as roller speed, travel speed, length and depth of groove for tomato seeds precision planting. In this regard, seeds with a diameter of 4 mm were used. The range of variation was based on calculations obtained. A roller with 42 mm width, 118 mm diameter and 15 cells on the surface was used in the experiment. For each cell, a triangular groove was created on the roller. The groove depth varied from zero at the beginning to the maximum value where the groove connected to the cell. The test unit had a continued and wide belt with 1 l m length. In each replication, planter worked for 20 s to reach a stable state. Thereafter, seeds were allowed to drop on the grease belt. Number of seeds and their spacing were measured on the 4.5 m of the belt. Results showed that the roller speed of 41.5 rpm, the planter travel speed of approximately 1 km/h, groove length of 6-8 mm and groove depth of 1.5 mm can improve planter performance for tomato pelleted seed.

Scanning Electron Microscopically Study of Sesame Seeds Infected with Macrophomina phaseolina

The direct impact of seed-borne fungi on seed is considerable. Many fungi are serious parasites of seed primordial and maturing seeds and reduce yield of seed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Other fungi, including saprophytes and very weak parasites, may lower the quality of seeds by causing discoloration which may seriously depreciate the commercial value of seeds, particularly of grain when graded for consumption. Studies by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） confirmed the importance of the seed coat, and seed cells as infection sites as well as location of the mycelium of the investigated fungus. Macrophominaphaseolina The present investigation is undertaken to study the colonization, infection and fungal establishment on different sesame seed parts by （SEM）. A successful colonization of M. phaseolina to seed tissues was also detected. Different forms of pycnidial shapes were also observed.

Toxic Effects of Seed Methanolic Extracts of Endemic Albizia Species （Fabaceae） from Madagascar on Animals

In order to find natural compounds of interest such as pesticides and therapeutic molecules, toxicological properties of seed methanolic extracts （SME） of nine Malagasy Albizia species were investigated. Toxicity was assessed on living animals by intraperitoneal and oral route, and pharmacological effects on isolated organs. All SME induced various disorders in mice but the signs of the nervous system disturbs were the earliest and the most often observed. The main organ lesions, examined on histological sections, induced vasodilatation, inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophil polymorphonuclears and hemorrhagic areas. At low concentrations （until 20 p.g/mL）, A. masikororum and A. viridis provoked on isolated auricular a positive inotrope effect followed by a progressive inhibition of the contraction and a complete atrial arrhythmia. Besides, A. viridis and A. bernieri induced some hepatic functional impairment after a chronic treatment during one month. Albizia greveana with a LD50 of 1.13-2 mg/kg was the most toxic and Albizia bernieri the least one with a LD50 of 52 mg/kg. Alkaloids and/or saponins, the major chemical groups found by phytochemical screening on these extracts, could be responsible of their toxicity.

Regulation Culture on Cytological, Biochemical and Physiological Characteristics of Somatic Carrot Embryos

Cytological,biochemical and physiological charcteristics of quiescent,high-vigor carrot somatic embryos obtained with the use of regulation culture were studied. As shown in cytological observation, quiescent somatic embryos obtained by regulation culturing for 70 days displayed small compacted cells with thick wall, dense cytoplasm and large amount of starch granules. Biochemical tests revealed a starch content and a soluble sugar content 1.9 and 1.7 times respectively as much as those of the control embryos(normal culture) while physiological study demonstrated that the respiration was maintained stally at a very low level,only 1/4 that of the control at the end of the 70-day period. These results provide further evidences that regution culture so after the morphology, biochemistcy, physiologr and metabolism of somatic embryos that they became quiescent,highly synchronized, and had their roots ungrown, a sate facilitating safe storage.

Cytokines Expression Profile and Kinetics of Peste des petits ruminants Virus Antigen and Antibody in Infected and Vaccinated Goats

The present study deals with the co-ordination of cytokine （IL-4 and IFN-7） expression and kinetics of peste des petits ruminants （PPR） virus antigen and antibody in PPRV infected and vaccinated goats. The infected animals exhibited mixed cytokine （both TH1 and TH2） responses in the initial phase of the disease. The infected and dead goats had increased IFN-T response before their death; while IL-4 remained at the base level. The cytokine expression in recovered animals was almost similar to that of vaccinated ones, where a unique biphasic response of IL-4 expression was observed with an up-regulation of IFN-T on 7th days post vaccination （dpv）. Analysis of PPR virus antigen and antibody kinetics in different components of blood from infected and vaccinated animais revealed that the PPR virus antigen load was highest in plasma followed by serum and blood of the infected animals, whereas vaccinated animals showed only marginal positivity on 9th dpv. The antibody titer was high in serum followed by plasma and blood in both vaccinated and infected animals. Therefore, it is inferred that the presence of antigen and antibody were significant with the expression of cytokine, and that a decreased response of IL-4 was noticed during intermediate phase of the disease i.e., 7 to 12m days post infection （dpi）. This indicates the ability to mount a functional TH2 response after 14th dpi could be a critical determinant in deciding the survival of the PPR infected animal.