育种小区手扶气吸梳脱清选式种子联合收获机的研制

农业育种小区是选育良种、进行品种对比试验的基地。育种小区收获是田间育种试验获得正确试验结果的重要环节。实现田间育种机械化可极大的提高育种工作效率、降低育种作业的劳动强度。根据农业试验小区种子收获的农艺要求,通过理论分析和田间试验,研制出一种手扶气吸梳脱清选式种子联合收获机,它能一次性完成种子的收割、脱粒、清选和装袋等作业环节。田间试验表明:该机结构新颖紧凑,动力消耗低,与传统联合收获机相比具有高脱净、低破损、防混种、勿需人工清机、经济实用等特点。

育种小区种子联合收获机传动系统的研究

实现田间育种机械化可以极大地提高育种工作效率、降低育种作业的劳动强度。为此,根据农业试验小区种子收获的农艺要求,通过系统的理论分析和田间试验,确定了育种小区种子联合收获机最佳传动方案和适宜的梳脱、复脱、清选系统的传动比以及功率需求和主要技术参数。试验表明:整机结构新颖、功耗低、经济实用、操作方便,总传动效率达0.9。该机可一次性完成摘穗、脱粒、复脱、分离、清选、装袋等作业。

Effects of Rice Combine Harvester Application to Harvest Chinese Milk Vetch Seeds

During the test, the seed yield, Iabor efficiency, harvesting costs and eco-nomic benefits were compared and analyzed between mechanical harvesting tech-noIogy and traditional artificial harvesting technoIogy of Chinese miIk vetch seeds to studied the mechanical harvesting technoIogy and appIication effects. The resuIts showed that mechanical harvesting technoIogy increased the yield of 92.7 kg/hm2, reducing the seeds Ioss. It improved the Iabor efficiency and reduced the harvesting cost. For exampIe, a rice combine harvester was the equal of 18-20 person in the harvest quantity in one day, which directIy reduced the Iabor cost of 2 175-3 000 yuan/hm2 and increased the economic income of 3 307-4 099 yuan/hm2. So it wiI pIay an important roIe in soIving the shortage of Chinese miIk vetch seeds and ac-ceIerating the deveIopment of Chinese miIk vetch green manure crop in south China rice region.