杂交稻旱育秧种子萌发状态对出苗和秧苗生长的影响

以3个不同粒型的杂交稻组合(泸优5号、宜香907、川优6203)的种子为材料,对旱育秧4种不同种子萌发状态即吸胀谷、露白谷、短芽谷和长芽谷播种后的出苗及秧苗生长情况进行了比较。结果表明,在4种种子萌发状态下,最终出苗率以露白谷最高,其次是短芽谷和长芽谷。泸优5号、宜香907种子催芽到短芽谷和长芽谷播种有利于提高幼苗素质,但将川优6203种子催芽至短芽谷和长芽谷播种未能提高幼苗素质。

水稻旱育秧床施用除草剂对不同萌发状态种子出苗和秧苗生长的影响

[目的]研究旱育秧床播后施用除草剂对种子出苗和幼苗生长的影响。[方法]以3种不同粒型的杂交稻种子为材料,在吸胀谷、露白谷、短芽谷和长芽谷4种萌发状态播种后进行除草剂处理,以不施用除草剂为对照,观察其出苗速度、最终出苗数和秧苗生长情况。[结果]吸胀谷和露白谷除草剂处理的出苗速度和出苗数与对照无明显差异;短芽谷和长芽谷除草剂处理的出苗速度受到不同程度的抑制,短圆粒型和粗长粒型种子的最终出苗数与对照差异不显著,但细长粒型种子的最终出苗数极显著低于对照。除草剂处理秧苗的发根数、根干重和地上部干重等也不同程度地低于对照。[结论]水稻旱育秧床播后施用除草剂对种子出苗和秧苗生长的影响程度与种子萌发状态和粒型有明显关系,除草剂对萌发程度较高和细长粒型种子的出苗及秧苗生长具有较强的抑制作用。

旱育保姆包衣对不同萌发状态杂交稻种子出苗和幼苗生长的影响

[目的]研究旱育保姆包衣对旱育秧出苗和秧苗生长的影响。[方法]用3种粒型的杂交水稻为材料,在吸胀谷、露白谷、短芽谷和长芽谷4种萌发状态下进行包衣处理,以不进行包衣为对照,观察出苗数、出苗速度和秧苗生长情况。[结果]不同粒型和不同萌发状态种子的出苗速度对旱育保姆包衣的反应有一定差异。无论粒型和萌发状态如何,包衣处理都能使其最终出苗率提高,尤其对发芽速度较慢的短圆粒型和粗长粒型的露白谷及短芽谷效果更为明显。包衣处理使秧苗株高降低,根系生长旺盛。[结论]旱育保姆包衣对不同粒型和不同萌发状态种子的出苗均有促进作用,作用大小与粒型和萌发状态有关;水稻进行包衣处理更容易获得壮秧。

Allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation on seedling establishment of alpine cushion Arenaria polytrichoides

When facilitating other species and sustaining plant community structures and biodiversity,alpine cushion plants simultaneously experience negative feedback effects from surrounding vegetation.However,the impact of surrounding vegetation on cushion dynamics remains poorly understood,particularly in terms of allelopathic potentials.To investigate the allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation on seedling establishment of the typical cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides Edgew.along an elevational gradient,we extracted potential allelopathic compounds and tested their impacts on seed germination and seedling growth of A.polytrichoides.In addition,exclusion experiments using activated carbon were conducted to further elucidate these effects.Our results demonstrate that surrounding vegetation exhibits certain allelopathic potentials on A.polytrichoides seedling establishment,with variations observed based on elevation,source and concentration of allelopathy compounds,as well as growing season.Specifcally,low-elevation vegetation exerts pronounced suppression on seedling establishment.Conversely,higher-elevation vegetation generally shows no effect on seed germination but stimulates seedling growth through allelopathy mechanisms.Moreover,aboveground vegetation predominantly inhibits both seed germination and seedling growth in low-elevation communities;however,the effects of belowground vegetation depend on elevation and extract concentration levels.The identifed allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation signifcantly infuence the population dynamics of cushion A.polytrichoides by potentially accelerating population degeneration in lower-elevation communities while ensuring consistent population recruitment and expansion in higher-elevation communities.