甘蔗新品种粤糖04-252种性分析

以甘蔗新品种粤糖04-252为材料,分析了其蔗茎产量、含糖量和蔗糖分丰产性和稳产性,同时对其对其蔗茎产量及其构成因子之间进行了等级结构分析、相关分析、多元回归分析、通径分析和决定系数分析。丰产性和稳定性分析结果表明,粤糖04-252蔗茎产量、含糖量以及各期甘蔗蔗糖分均高于ROC22,稳产性能比ROC22好,受环境因素的影响较小,适应性较广。产量结构分析表明,公顷产蔗量在100～110 t之间的较合理群体结构为有效茎数在7.0～7.8万条/hm2、茎长在229.0～279.0 cm、茎径在2.55～2.95 cm。相关分析表明,蔗茎产量与产量构成因子茎径、茎长和有效茎数都呈极显著正相关关系。其中与有效茎数简单相关系数最高,与茎径偏相关系数最大。多元回归分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与其构成因子间存在着真实的线性关系。通径分析和决定系数分析表明,茎径对蔗茎产量的直接效应和直接决定系数最大,其次是有效茎数,茎长最小,三者对蔗茎产量的通径系数均达到极显著正相关,作用方式以直接效应为主。综上所述,粤糖04-252是一个有效茎数多、植株中高、中大茎至大茎的甘蔗新品种,根据其种性分析,茎径和有效茎数是决定粤糖04-252蔗茎产量的关键因子,同时要兼顾茎长。

甘蔗新品种粤糖03-373种性分析

以甘蔗新品种粤糖03-373为材料,对其蔗茎产量及其构成因子之间进行了相关分析、多元回归分析、通径分析和决定系数分析。相关分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与有效茎数、茎长和茎径都呈极显著相关,但与有效茎数关系最密切。多元回归分析结果表明,蔗茎产量与其构成因子间存在着真实的线性关系。通径分析结果表明,有效茎数对蔗茎产量的直接效应最大,对蔗茎产量有极显著影响,且极显著的高于茎径和茎长对蔗茎产量的影响。有效茎数和茎长对蔗茎产量的作用主要为直接作用,茎径对蔗茎产量的作用主要为间接作用。决定系数分析结果表明,有效茎数对蔗茎产量的相对决定程度最大。茎长对蔗茎产量也具有重要作用。对于甘蔗新品种粤糖03-373种植,要提高其蔗茎产量,有效茎数关键,兼顾茎长,而不必强调茎径。

4种方法对7种桑黄菌的种性分析

采用形态学、拮抗试验、酯酶同工酶及RAPD技术对7种桑黄菌株进行了种性分析,并比较了4种方法分析结果的异同,虽稍有差异,但总体分类一致.由于单一方法存在局限性,且不同菌丝生长阶段对实验结果影响较大,所以还需对其亲缘性从DNA分子水平进行考察.根据RAPD扩增结果,构建反映了菌株间亲缘关系的聚类图,可将7个菌株划分为4大类,直观准确地揭示菌株间的差异性并加以鉴别.

棉花新品种的种性分析

本文通过对新引进的 5个棉花新品种 (系 )比较分析 ,初步探明了各品种的生育特性 ,提出了新品种98— 2、 98— 6可以在本地扩大示范 ,98— 4、 98— 1宜进一步试验 。

3个桂糖系列甘蔗新品种的种性和丰产性分析

为了解甘蔗新品种桂糖31号、32号、34号的种性和丰产性表现,为其在生产上推广应用提供依据,于2009-2011年在金光农场进行2年新植2年宿根的品种比较试验。结果表明,桂糖31号、32号、34号的蔗茎产量达到121.4～129.0 t/hm2,比对照种新台糖22号增产8.2%～15%,达到1%～5%的差异显著水平;含糖量19.03～19.27 t/hm2,比新台糖22号增11.4%～13.2%;11月~翌年2月平均甘蔗蔗糖分达到14.86%以上。这3个品种均表现明显的高产、稳产、高糖的特性,其宿根性、抗病抗虫性、抗旱能力和抗机械碾压能力优于对照种新台糖22号,适宜在金光农场和广西其他同类型蔗区种植推广,并可采用全程机械化的耕种和收获技术进行生产。

桑黄菌的酯酶同工酶分析

对4个不同桑黄菌株进行了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳酯酶同工酶分析、拮抗试验和菌丝培养观察。结果表明:酯酶同工酶电泳共检出迁移率不同的谱带16条,其中日本桑黄菌株、华中桑黄菌株与山东桑黄菌株和韩国桑黄菌株之间的酶谱差异明显;山东桑黄菌株和韩国桑黄菌株的酯酶同工酶谱相似。酯酶同工酶分析结果与拮抗试验和菌丝培养观察结果一致。

The Anylasis of Fitness on Maize Cultivation Based on RS and GIS

Maize is one of our country quite important grain crops,its height output is an important pillar ensure that grain of our country is safe,if speedy science ascertaining that maize expediency area cultivating,it can provide the most reliable decision-making reference to jobs such as agricultural regionalization,crop layout,accurate agriculture of essence.The article carries out a maize cultivating expediency research make use of the minute RS and GIS means,it can guarantee the results is timeliness and scientificalness.

The Application of RAPD Markers in Diversity Detection and Variety Identification of Porphyra

RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers were generated from filaments of 15 Porphyra lines representing four important groups, P. yezoensis, P. haitanensis, P. katadai var. hemiphylla and P. oligospermatangia . Among the total 69 fragments generated by 6 selected primers (among 50 primers), 67 appeared to be polymorphic (97.1%). Cluster analysis based on the RAPD results was performed. The 15 Porphyra lines were divided into 3 groups. This result was consistent with that from taxonomy analysis. A DNA fingerprinting based on 8 bands amplified with OPN_02 and OPJ_18 was constructed and might be used in Porphyra variety identification. Five specific RAPD fragments of 5 Porphyra lines were isolated and cloned into pGEM_T easy vector. These five RAPD fragments may be useful in germplasm identification and property protection of Porphyra .

A GIS-based Study on Suitability Estimation of Tea Cultivation in Qimen County

On the basis of data from Soil Test and Formula Fertilization project in Qimen county,we employed Geographic Information System Software ArcGIS 9.2 and CLRMIS（Cultivated Land Resource Management Information System at County Scale） to establish region-specific estimation index system for tea cultivation in Qimen County by determining the estimation units,and carried out quantitative estimation analysis on tea cultivation there via comprehensive evaluation indices for natural elements of cultivated land.The results showed that the highly suitable,suitable,reluctantly suitable and unsuitable acreages are 5 665.8,8 327.1,8 415.9 and 11 979.9 hm2 respectively,accounting for 24.0%,35.3%,35.7% and 5.1% of the total acreage of cultivated land.These results would facilitate the production of high yield and quality tea in Qimen County.

Finite element analysis of stress at implant-bone interface of dental implants with different structures

The effect of structure,elastic modulus and thickness of lower modulus layer in porous titanium implants on the stress distribution at the implant-bone interface was investigated.Three-dimensional finite element models of different titanium implants were constructed.The structures of the implants included the whole lower modulus style （No.1）,bio-mimetic style （No.2）,the whole lower modulus style in cancellous bone （No.3） and the whole dense style No.4.The stress distributions at bone-implant interface under static loading were analyzed using Ansys Workbench 10.0 software.The results indicated that the distribution of interface stress is strongly depended on the structure of the implants.The maximum stresses in cancellous bone and root region of implant No.2 are lower than those in the other three implants.A decrease in the modulus of the low modulus layer facilitates the interface stress transferring.Increasing the thickness of the low modulus layer can reduce the stress and induce a more uniform stress distribution at the interface.Among the four implants,biomimetic style implant No.2 is superior in transferring implant-bone interface stress to surrounding bones.

Variation of microfibril angle and its correlation to wood properties in poplars

The microfibril angle of seven poplar clones was determined by using X-ray diffraction technique. Microfibril angle, wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content were assessed for every growth ring at breast height for all sample trees. Significant variation in microfibril angle was observed among growth rings. Mean microfibril angle (MFA) at breast height varied from 7.8?to 28?between growth rings with cambial age and showed a consistent pith-to-bark trend of decline an-gles. Analysis of variance also indicated that there were significant differences in wood basic density, fiber length, fiber width and cellulose content between the growth rings, which had an increasing tendency from pith to bark. Correlations between MFA and examined wood properties were predominantly large and significant negative (?0.01), and the coefficients were -0.660 for cellulose content, -0.586 for fiber length, -0.516 for fiber width and -0.450 for wood basic density, respectively. Regression analysis with linear and curve estimation indicated that a quadratic function showed the largest R2 and the least standard error for describing the relationships between microfibril angle and measured wood properties, and the correlation coefficients were over -0.45 (n=125). The results from this study suggested that microfibril angle would be a good characteristic for improvement in the future breeding program of poplars.

Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis of Fagopyrum tataricum Varieties(Lines)

In order to reveal the genetic differences and agronomic traits of Fagopy-rum tataricum_ varieties （lines） intuitively, explore good resources and avoid the blindness of parent selection during the breeding process, six primary agronomic traits of 45 F. tataricum_ varieties （lines） that came from the eleven buckwheat breeding departments across the country were analyzed with principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results of principal component analysis showed that the six agronomic traits could be simplified into three principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 83%. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 45 F. tataricum varieties （lines） were classified into four groups：high stalk, medium yield and smal grain type, medium stalk, high yield and large grain type, medium stalk, low yield and smal grain type and high stalk, medium yield and medium grain type. Among them, performance of comprehensive trait of the second type was better than that of the other types. Thus, the F. tataricum_va-rieties （lines） that were classified into the second type could be considered as good varieties （lines） or breeding materials. The genetic differences among F. tataricum_varieties （lines） had no necessary correlations with origin and geographical distance. ln addition to complementary traits and geographical distance, genetic distances （dif-ferent populations） should be taken into consideration during parent selection in cross breeding.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of the Main Commercial Varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province

[Objective] The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity of the main commercial varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province at the molecular level. [Method] Nine main commercial rapeseed cultivars in Guizhou were detected by 40 pairs of SSR primers used in the national regional trial of B. napus, and then clus-tering analysis was carried out. [Result] A total of 191 bands were amplified, and 143 （accounting for 75%） of them showed polymorphism among the nine rapeseed cultivars. By cluster analysis, the nine cultivars were divided into two groups. Group A included seven varieties, and group B consisted of two cultivars from Guizhou In-stitute of Oil Crops. The cultivars in group A were further divided into sub-groups A1 and A2 at the similarity coefficient of 0.643 4. Sub-group A1 included three culti-vars from Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, and sub-group A2 included the other four cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops. [Conclusion] The cultivars bred by the same institute had similar genetic background. The cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops showed wider genetic basis. However, the genetic similarity coefficient between Qianyou 17 and Qianyou 29 was up to 0.87, suggesting that they shared closer genetic basis.

Genetic study on seed coat characteristics in multiploid watermelon

[ Objective] This study is to provide basis for the genetic improvement of triploid watermelon cultivars from seed coat characteristiscs by analyzing its genetic properties. [ Method ] Genetic effects of seed coat characteristics and their related characteristics in tdploid watermelon were analyzed by additive dominant genetic model based on 36 F1 hybrids which were crossed by six female parents of four ecotypes and six male parents of same ecotype according to North Carolina II crossing design. [ Result] The seed coat number characteristics was controlled by additive effects, dominant effects and error variance of genetic together. The additive effects of the length and width of abortive seed coat were significant, and the error variance was significant or highly significant. It was observed that there was a significant negative correlation of additive effects between the seed coat number and fringe soluble sugar. Also there was a significant negative correlation of dominant effects between lycopenes, dry matter and the seed coat number. However, there was a highly significant positive correlation in additive effects between the length and width of abortive seed coat. [ Conclusion ] The results provide guidance for genetic breeding of triploid watermelon cultivars.

Construction of AFLP Molecular Marking System in Mangifera indica L.

[Objective ] The study aimed to construct the AFLP molecular marking system in Mangifera indica. [ Method ] Four varieties of Mangifera indica were used to explore new ways for high-quality DNA, and AFLP analysis of 31 varieties of Mangifera indica was carried out to detect the varietal genetic diversity. [ Result] 14 pairs of primers with stronger polymorphism, better banding patterns and higher resolution were screened out from 64 pairs of selective amplification primers. Then they were used to analyse the fingerprint of 31 varieties of Mangifera indica, the results showed that the ratio of polymorphic bands amplificated by the 14 pairs of primers reached 97% in 31 varieties of Mangifera.[ Conclusion] It was suggested that AFLP was suitable for detecting the polymorphism of Mangifera indica resources.

Morphological Diversity Analysis of Red-seed Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao) Germplasm Resources

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the morphological diversity of red- seed watermelon （Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao） germplasm resources. [Method] Multiple cluster analysis and principal components analysis on the morphological traits of 51 red-seed watermelon germplasm resources were carried out. [Result] The coefficient of variations （CVs） of 39 morphological traits in 51 red-seed watermelon idioplasm resources ranged from 5.37% to 66.95%, with an average of 22.87%. The average of Shannon diversity information indices was 1.55. Among them, the Shannon diversity information index of seed length was the highest （2.16） and that of seed shell figure pattern was the lowest （0.32）. In ad- dition, the morphological diversity information indices of quantity characters were higher than that of quality characters. The principal components analysis revealed that the variance contribution rates of the first, second and third principal compo- nents were 19.49%, 15.32% and 9.55%, respectively. Cluster analysis divided the 51 materials into three broad branches based on the morphological traits. There was only one material in the fist branch and two in the second branch, and all the three materials were wild. The other 48 materials were divided into the third branch and all of them were cultivars. [Conclusion] This study provided a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of red-seed watermelon resources.

Seed Morphology and Seedling Variation of Four Ornamental Lupin Pedigrees

[Objective] This study was conducted to reveal seed characteristics, variation and their effects on seedling growth of ornamental lupins. [Method] The phenotypic characteristics and germination rate of the seeds of four excellent lupin pedigrees were measured, and then their correlations with seeding growth were analyzed. [Result] There were abundant variations among the four ornamental lupin pedigrees. Pink seeds had the largest volume and red seeds had the largest 1 000seed weight. The variation coefficients for the seed morphological traits among the four pedigrees ranged from 2.97% to 14.34%. Seed specific weight and 1 000-seed weight could be used as important indicators for selection in breeding because of their higher variability. Seed weight variation of ornamental lupin was mainly depen- dent on seed width variation. There was small variation in seed length. The seeds of the four ornamental lupin pedigrees started to germinate one day after sowing, and the germination period was 5 d. Germination rate coefficient and germination index of pink and red seeds were higher than those of blue seeds, but blue seeds had the largest germination rate. 1 000-seed weight shared significantly positive correlations with seed germination rate, germination potential and seedling retention rate. Round and large seeds had some advantages in germination. Full seeds had higher germination rate and speed, and seedling retention rate. There was a significant relationship between seed length-width ratio and the number of leaflets of seedlings. [Conclusion] The results provided references for the evaluation of seed phenotypic diversity and breeding research of ornamental lupins.

Characterization of 124 Flue-cured Tobacco Germplasm Resources

[Objective] This study aimed to characterize 124 flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources, and to provide reference for making the best use of the existing flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources. [Method] A total of 124 flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources were studied via field experiment and statistic analysis to investigate characteristics of their growth period, morphologic characters, main agronomic traits, and economic characters. [Result] There were significant differences among the 124 flue-cured tobacco germplasm resources in growth period, morphologic characters, main agronomic traits, and economic characters. The coefficients of variation （CV） varied in a range of 7.9%-22.5%. Among them, CV of bud stage was higher, and that of corolla length was lower. Many germplasm resources were attacked seriously by black shank disease at the end of field experiment, including those with disease index higher than 90, like Kutsaga 110, TI706, Ky 151, KM10, Longshe, Chaoxian Kangchi, Kutsaga 51E, Yongding No.1, and those with disease index among 75-90 such as Liaoyan No. 8, Lingnong No.2, Shandong Duoye, 581, Cunjingyan, KRK26, and Special 400. The tobacco root knot nematode invasion was light in some germplasm or never happened in other germplasm resources. TMV happened sporadically. CV 87, Yunyan 99, Yunyan 85, K326, Yunyan 87, Zhubuo No.1, T64 and T66 produced higher yield, production value, proportion of good leaves and sold at a higher price. Finally, we screened out the germpalsm resources with good comprehensive economic values and high disease resistance such as CV 87, Yunyan 99, Yunyan 85, K326, Yunyan 87, Zhubuo No.1, T64, T66, Honghuadajinyan, G-28, Taiyan No. 8, 77089-12, Yunyan 97, K346, V2, K149, NC567, NC297, Yunyan 201, Yunyan 203, KRK22. [Conclusion] This study provides reference for making better use of tobacco germplasm resources, and breeding new varieties.

Evaluation of Maturity and Flavor of Melons Using an Electronic Nose

In this work,an electronic nose was used to evaluate the different cultivars and mature stages of melons,so as to establish a scientific method to accurately distinguish the maturity and varieties of melons. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA ) showed that immature melons could be well distinguished from mature melons using electronic nose. When PCA method was used to analyze,electronic nose could completely classify and identify the maturity of melons. Meanwhile,the electronic nose could distinguish different varieties of melons with high discrimination value. The flavor of samples under cut or no cut conditions would slightly change,leading to the variation of discrimination value among different varieties. The samples with similar flavor under no cut condition could be analyzed through cutting mode. The research built a rapid and accurate method to judge the maturity of melons instead of man sense.

Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of eel genome

Eel family is a huge one, in which many kinds of eelsespecially some migratory eels, bear strong resemblance toeach other, and are therefOre difficult to be identified. Inthis study 29 random primers were used to make RAPDana1ysis for Japanese ee1 (Angui11ajaponica). European eel(Anguilla anguilla) and Pike eel (AIllrae1lesox cinereus).And totally 299 fragments were counted. Shared or spe-cific fragments were counted alld ge11etic similarity or ge-netic distance were calculated. The genetic similarity be-tween Japanese eel alld Pike eel is 0.68 and the geneticdistance between them is 0.32; those between Europeaneel and Pike eel are 0.72 and 0.28 respectively, and be-tween Japanese eel and Ellropean eel are 0.74 and 0.25 re-spectively. The method has been shown to be suitable tomolecular identification of eels. It provides an a1ternativeapproach to determine the relatiollship between species.