可食用景观在种植社区中的应用

在对国内外可食用景观的成果研究以及实际案例分析的基础上,以我国社区生态环境现状为出发点,探寻可食用景观在种植社区中的具体运用方式以及发展策略。通过在社区中推广可食用景观,一方面可以改善城市社区所面对的环境问题,缓解资源浪费的现象;另一方面,还可以缓解城市居民的生活压力,提供一个舒缓身心的休憩场所,促进社区居民的自然教育和相互交流。

全球老龄化背景下种植社区设计探索

本文通过分析国内外养老体制的优点、老年群体的行为特征,认为种植社区符合当今发展的趋势。并例举了一些种植社区的景观植物种类,希望通过种植设计来改变目前国内居住小区的生活现况。

英国社区食物种植规划政策与实践

面临当前能源、食物、环境等一系列危机,英国积极推行城市范围内的社区食物种植以保障食品安全和城市可持续发展,形成了相对完善的规划政策体系,并实施了影响深远的"首都种植"计划。通过对其分析研究并结合中国发展现状,为中国将农业和食物要素整合进入健康社区建设和可持续城市发展提供一定的思考和启示。

后疫情时代可持续与韧性理念下的社区农园设计研究

将韧性和可持续的概念运用于社区农园,从社区基础设施设计上实现韧性建设,以此提升社区空间应变力。进行实地调研,对社区农园产品和用户需求进行分析,为社区农园的设计实践提供依据。设计出提升社区农园韧性,满足居民需求的种植产品。在后疫情环境下,构建韧性与可持续社区农园是对该类突发性灾变给社区空间带来的影响进行及时缓解和调整的方法之一,以此保障社区系统的平衡状态。

基于自发性种植行为的老龄化社区景观更新研究

在老龄化社会与城市人口扩增背景下,面临着社区居民老龄化与基础设施衰退化的问题,探讨老年人自发性种植与社区农业景观改造结合的方法特征。文中以东皋小区为案例,对老人环境满意度、自发性改造行为认可度情况进行调研,进而提出动态更新、景观修补、资源循环、自治管理等适老化更新策略,旨在为老龄化社区公共环境改造提供参考。

随迁老人融入城市社区服务系统设计研究——以社区共享种植园为例

笔者关注随迁老人融入城市社区困难这一社会问题,并通过服务设计的方法,结合园艺疗法拓展随迁老人的社交平台,满足其社交需求,从而使这一特殊群体的生活质量得到提升。将当下城市社区内的资源整合,构建线下产品(乐归花园共享种植空间)与线上服务(线上服务小程序)相结合的服务系统。通过共享种植服务系统为随迁老年人构建拓展社交的平台,调动随迁老人参与社区活动的积极性,提升其归属感与价值感,帮助随迁老人更好地融入城市社区。

Community Based Seed Production-A Sustainable Seed Production Model for Subsistence of Bhutanese Maize Farmers

Bhutanese maize farmers grow different open-pollinated traditional varieties and improved high yielding varieties recommended by the national maize program. All most every maize farmer uses the recycled seeds from their farms for planting in the next season. Farmers traditional or informal seed system was found to be poorly organized and unscientific that has resulted in the deterioration and contamination of seed quality. Bhutanese maize farmers living in remote areas are highly constrained by the inconsistent supply and poor access to good quality maize seed. The formal public seed sectors lack adequate resources to produce and supply good quality seeds. This called for an urgency to identify and adapt an innovative and a sustainable seed production approach to service the subsistence needs of Bhutanese farmers in a cross-pollinated crop, like maize. The community based seed production （CBSP） approach was introduced and evaluated under the Bhutanese maize production system as an alternative farmer based seed production model. A total of seven farmers CBSP groups were formed and promoted as a smallholder seed enterprise. The technical skills of these CBSP group members on maize seed production were improved through practical demonstrations and trainings. The CBSP groups were supplied with high quality source seed of new maize varieties by the national maize program. For long term, the sustainability of CBSP groups were linked to the formal seed sector in the country for marketing the seeds. The CBSP approach has proven to be a successful small scale maize seed production model under highland maize production ecosystem that has improved the production and supply of good quality maize seeds. The Bhutanese experiences with CBSP in maize, its merits for small holder Bhutanese maize farmers and lessons learnt from the CBSP model are discussed in this paper.

Sustainable livelihoods in a Coptis-planting based rural community:a case study in Shizhu County,China

Coptis chinensis is a medicinal herb used in traditional Chinese medicine.This research features a case study in Shizhu County,China.Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA) is used as the main tool for data collection.The study demonstrates that the current method of Coptis planting leads to forest destruction.Even with reforestation measures,it leads to the loss of biodiversity in the forest.It also shows that farmers cannot get satisfactory economic returns from Coptis planting,as the return is unstable and unpredictable.One alternative to the current Coptis planting mode is to incorporate it into the agroforestry system.Water shield planting also serves as a good alternative to Coptis planting itself.Improved methods of management,post-harvest processing,and marketing of Coptis are also proposed and analyzed.The intended contribution of this paper to the theoretical debate of sustainability shall be the provision of an example showing how agricultural production affects forest conservation.It also presents redressable measures to the negative consequences.Besides,one alternative livelihood pathway for the rural community in this case study is suggested.

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Communities on Soil Quality and the Growth of Cucumber Seedlings in a Greenhouse Soil of Continuously Planting Cucumber

A pot experiment was performed to determine the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizM fungi （AMF） communities on soil properties and the growth of cucumber seedlings in a degraded soil that had been used for continuous cucumber monoculture in a greenhouse for 15 years. In the experiment, AMF communities （created by combining various AMF species that were found to be dominant in natural farm soil） were inoculated into the degraded soil, and then the soil was planted with cucumber. Inoculation with AMF communities did not affect soil pH but increased soil aggregate stability and decreased the concentrations of salt ions and electrical conductivity （EC） in the soil. Inoculation with AMF communities increased the numbers of culturable bacteria and actinomycetes but reduced the number of fungi. AMF communities increased plant growth, soluble sugar content, chlorophyll content, and root activity compared to non-mycorrhizal or a single AMF species treatments. Improvements of soil quality and plant growth were greatest with the following two communities： Glomus etunicatum ＋ G. mosseae ＋ Gigaspora margarita ＋ Acaulospora lacunosa and G. aggregatum ＋ G. etunicatum ＋ G. mosseae ＋ G. versiforme ＋ G. margarita ＋ A. lacunosa. The results suggested that certain AMF communities could substantially improve the quality of degraded soil.

Effect of Rhizobacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris Inoculation on Stevia rebaudiana Plant Growth and Soil Microbial Community

There is an increasing concern that the continuous use of chemical fertilizers might lead to harmful effects on soil ecosystem.Accordingly, a biocompatible approach involving inoculation of beneficial microorganisms is presented to promote plant growth and simultaneously minimize the negative effect of chemical fertilizers. In this study, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium(PGPR), was inoculated into both fertilized and unfertilized soils to assess its influence on Stevia rebaudiana plant growth and microbial community in rhizosphere soils in a 122-d field experiment. Soil enzyme assays(dehydrogenase, urease, invertase, and phosphomonoesterase), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-_qPCR), and a high-throughput sequencing technique were employed to determine the microbial activity and characterize the bacterial community. Results showed that the R.palustris inoculation did not significantly influence Stevia yields and root biomass in either the fertilized or unfertilized soil. Chemical fertilization had strong negative effects on soil bacterial community properties, especially on dehydrogenase and urease activities.However, R. palustris inoculation counteracted the effect of chemical fertilizer on dehydrogenase and urease activities, and increased the abundances of some bacterial lineages(including Bacteroidia, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetacia, Myxococcales, and Legionellales). In contrast, inoculation into the unfertilized soil did not significantly change the soil enzyme activities or the soil bacterial community structure. For both the fertilized and unfertilized soils, R. palustris inoculation decreased the relative abundances of some bacterial lineages possessing photosynthetic ability, such as Cyanobacteria, Rhodobacter, Sphingomonadales, and Burkholderiales. Taken together, our observations stress the potential utilization of R. palustris as PGPR in agriculture, which might further ameliorate the soil microbial properties in the long run.