Endemic to China, the Emei Shan Liocichla(Liocichla omeiensis) is considered globally vulnerable by the IUCN because of its small, declining population and fragmented range. The species has been recorded in only a few...Endemic to China, the Emei Shan Liocichla(Liocichla omeiensis) is considered globally vulnerable by the IUCN because of its small, declining population and fragmented range. The species has been recorded in only a few mountainous forests in south-central Sichuan and in the extreme northeast of Yunnan Province. We summarized the basic eco-biology information on its habitat,breeding, winter habits and behavior, voice, population status, research and conservation.展开更多
Jankowski’s Bunting (Emberiza jankowskii) is a small bird with narrow distribution ranges. It has experienced a drastic population decline during recent years and vanished from most of its historic breeding sites. It...Jankowski’s Bunting (Emberiza jankowskii) is a small bird with narrow distribution ranges. It has experienced a drastic population decline during recent years and vanished from most of its historic breeding sites. It has been recently up-graded as Endangered in the IUCN Red List of globally threatened species. By integrating unpublished data of field surveys conducted by us and published information on the species, we provide information on the status of distribution, breeding biology of the remaining population at the Dagang Forest Farm, population trends at currently known breeding sites, selection of breeding habitats and threats faced by the Jankowski’s Bunting. In light of its current status we also suggest ways and future research work related to protecting this bird species.展开更多
A new breeding population of Mandarin Duck （Aix gaIericulata, Linnaeus） was first recorded in 2003 in Jiao- tanzhuang-Hehekou region of Pingshan county, Hebei Province, China. Recently, the gradually increasing popu...A new breeding population of Mandarin Duck （Aix gaIericulata, Linnaeus） was first recorded in 2003 in Jiao- tanzhuang-Hehekou region of Pingshan county, Hebei Province, China. Recently, the gradually increasing population indicates that there are suitable breeding habitats （such as foraging habitats and nesting sites） for Mandarin Duck. However, these habitats are always close to human disturbances, which are the potential risk for their population. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward an applicable protection strategy, in order to strengthen the public awareness for this unprotected population.展开更多
In order to measure the impact of changes in the marsh on breeding Red-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis) and White-naped Cranes (G.vipio) in the Sanjiang Plain,we conducted a complete crane súrvey in each of the s...In order to measure the impact of changes in the marsh on breeding Red-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis) and White-naped Cranes (G.vipio) in the Sanjiang Plain,we conducted a complete crane súrvey in each of the summers of 2007 and 2008,and obtained information on the changes in its marsh through interpretation of satellite images in 1986,1995,2000 and 2005.A comparison between the 1984 and 2008 census shows that:1) the number of Red-crowned Cranes remained stable at about 300 birds,while the number of White-naped Cranes increased markedly; 2) the estimates of nests of Red-crowned cranes are close to the numbers of 1984,while approximately 90％ of the nests of these two crane species were distributed over five national nature reserves (NNRs); 3) the two crane species became more concentrated in three regions,i.e.,the Fuyuan Delta,the middle reaches of the Naoli and Qixing rivers,and the Xingkai Lake wetlands,rather as formerly in six regions.The area of the marsh decreased by 45％ within the 20-year period from 1986 to 2005.The major loss of the marsh area was in the form of a conversion to paddy fields and dry land,which can be primarily attributed to direct human activity under various economic and policy drivers.The disappearance of cranes in the Dulu and Abuqin rivers was induced by large-scale agricultural development.The fragmentation into and isolation of small areas of the marsh became increasingly more serious,which resulted in unsuitable condtions for crane breeding in small patches of the marsh.The number of cranes declined from 1984-1995 but had recovered remarkably by 2008,which may be due to theestablishment of a system of nature reserves,in place since 2000.The land ownership of the reserve plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of the wetland ecosystem,especially in Sanjiang,Honghe,Naolihe and Qixinghe NNRs,which together accommodated approximately 80％ of the population of cranes.However,we did not discover any nests at all in the provincial and municipal reserves,which may be attributed to high human disturbances in these areas.In the end,we propose some recommendations on reserve management.展开更多
Rong 18A is an Indica three-line sterile line bred with M5B×D Xing B, and has the characteristics of stable sterility, high outcrossing rate, good combining ability and good quality. With Rong 18A as an experimen...Rong 18A is an Indica three-line sterile line bred with M5B×D Xing B, and has the characteristics of stable sterility, high outcrossing rate, good combining ability and good quality. With Rong 18A as an experimental material and Ⅱ-32A, Jin 23A and Gang46 A as the CK materials, a seed setting rate estimation method by daily pollination was used for measuring its stigma vigor, to comparatively analyze the decreasing rates and lasting time of stigma vigor of various materials under natural condition. According to experimental results and combining with field breeding practice, the application of stigma vigor of sterile lines on hybrid rice seed production was discussed.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to establish a system for aseptic seeding and rapid propagation of a wild Chinese herbal medicine Ludisia discolor. [Method] The seeds of L. discolor were germinated in four differ...[Objective] This study was conducted to establish a system for aseptic seeding and rapid propagation of a wild Chinese herbal medicine Ludisia discolor. [Method] The seeds of L. discolor were germinated in four different culture media MS, 1/2MS, Hyponex No.1 （3.0 g/L）, and 1/2 Hyponex No.1 （1.5 g/L）, and the ger- mination rate was calculated 80 d later to select the optimal medium for seed ger- mination of L. discolor. Then, by culturing the protocorms and buds of L. discolor in the media supplemented with different hormone combinations （6-BA and NAA） or organic substrates （potato juice, banana juice and coconut milk）, the optimal medi- um compositions for multiplication and .differentiation, seedling hardening and rooting of L. discolor were respectively determined. [Result] After 80 d of dark culture, 86.67% of the seeds inoculated into the medium 1/2 Hyponex No.1 germinated and developed into protocorms, proving 1/2 Hyponex No.1 was most suitable for seed germination of L. discolor among the four basic media, while MS medium had the worst effects. In culture medium of 1/2 Hyponex No.1＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋100 ml/L co- conut milk supplemented with 0.4 or 0.6 mg/L NAA, a mixed body of protocorms and small buds were induced after being cultured for 45 d, and the multiplication rate was 6.11, which was higher than that in the medium supplied with 0.2 or 0.8 mg/L NAA. By adding 10% potato juice, 10% banana juice or 100 ml/L coconut milk into Hyponex No.1＋1.0 mg/L NAA, it was found that 10% banana juice had better effects in hardening and rooting of L. discolor planlets than 10% potato juice and 100 ml/L coconut milk. The small buds grew into plantlets about 80 d later in the medium with banana juice, the rooting rate was 93.33%, and the plantlet height was 7.19 cm. After hardening-culture for 10 d in a greenhouse, the L. discolor plantlets were transplanted into the mixed matrix of peat soil and lava （at a ratio of 3：1）, and 91.7% of them survived 60 d later. [Conclusion] A relatively perfect propa- gation system of L. discolor was established by using aseptic seeds as explants in this study, which can be used for the protection of L. discolor germplasm resources, seedling propagation and industrial development.展开更多
基金supported by projects of the Sichuan Provincial Science&Technology Department(2011JYZ008)the Sichuan Provincial Education Department(11ZA155)Leshan Normal University(Z1158)
文摘Endemic to China, the Emei Shan Liocichla(Liocichla omeiensis) is considered globally vulnerable by the IUCN because of its small, declining population and fragmented range. The species has been recorded in only a few mountainous forests in south-central Sichuan and in the extreme northeast of Yunnan Province. We summarized the basic eco-biology information on its habitat,breeding, winter habits and behavior, voice, population status, research and conservation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 30370183, 39870117)
文摘Jankowski’s Bunting (Emberiza jankowskii) is a small bird with narrow distribution ranges. It has experienced a drastic population decline during recent years and vanished from most of its historic breeding sites. It has been recently up-graded as Endangered in the IUCN Red List of globally threatened species. By integrating unpublished data of field surveys conducted by us and published information on the species, we provide information on the status of distribution, breeding biology of the remaining population at the Dagang Forest Farm, population trends at currently known breeding sites, selection of breeding habitats and threats faced by the Jankowski’s Bunting. In light of its current status we also suggest ways and future research work related to protecting this bird species.
基金supported by Natural Science Foun-dation of Hebei Province (D2006000701, C2007000247)Doctoral Fund of Hebei Normal University (L2008B11)
文摘A new breeding population of Mandarin Duck （Aix gaIericulata, Linnaeus） was first recorded in 2003 in Jiao- tanzhuang-Hehekou region of Pingshan county, Hebei Province, China. Recently, the gradually increasing population indicates that there are suitable breeding habitats （such as foraging habitats and nesting sites） for Mandarin Duck. However, these habitats are always close to human disturbances, which are the potential risk for their population. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward an applicable protection strategy, in order to strengthen the public awareness for this unprotected population.
基金supported by the Conservation Fund of the State Forestry Administration of China and the Siberian Crane Wetland GEF/UNEP Project(GF/2712-03-4627)
文摘In order to measure the impact of changes in the marsh on breeding Red-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis) and White-naped Cranes (G.vipio) in the Sanjiang Plain,we conducted a complete crane súrvey in each of the summers of 2007 and 2008,and obtained information on the changes in its marsh through interpretation of satellite images in 1986,1995,2000 and 2005.A comparison between the 1984 and 2008 census shows that:1) the number of Red-crowned Cranes remained stable at about 300 birds,while the number of White-naped Cranes increased markedly; 2) the estimates of nests of Red-crowned cranes are close to the numbers of 1984,while approximately 90％ of the nests of these two crane species were distributed over five national nature reserves (NNRs); 3) the two crane species became more concentrated in three regions,i.e.,the Fuyuan Delta,the middle reaches of the Naoli and Qixing rivers,and the Xingkai Lake wetlands,rather as formerly in six regions.The area of the marsh decreased by 45％ within the 20-year period from 1986 to 2005.The major loss of the marsh area was in the form of a conversion to paddy fields and dry land,which can be primarily attributed to direct human activity under various economic and policy drivers.The disappearance of cranes in the Dulu and Abuqin rivers was induced by large-scale agricultural development.The fragmentation into and isolation of small areas of the marsh became increasingly more serious,which resulted in unsuitable condtions for crane breeding in small patches of the marsh.The number of cranes declined from 1984-1995 but had recovered remarkably by 2008,which may be due to theestablishment of a system of nature reserves,in place since 2000.The land ownership of the reserve plays a key role in maintaining the integrity of the wetland ecosystem,especially in Sanjiang,Honghe,Naolihe and Qixinghe NNRs,which together accommodated approximately 80％ of the population of cranes.However,we did not discover any nests at all in the provincial and municipal reserves,which may be attributed to high human disturbances in these areas.In the end,we propose some recommendations on reserve management.
文摘Cabot’s Tragopan (Tragopan caboti) (Galliformes: Phasianidae) is one of the endemic pheasant species in China. It is categorized as Vulnerable in the
文摘Rong 18A is an Indica three-line sterile line bred with M5B×D Xing B, and has the characteristics of stable sterility, high outcrossing rate, good combining ability and good quality. With Rong 18A as an experimental material and Ⅱ-32A, Jin 23A and Gang46 A as the CK materials, a seed setting rate estimation method by daily pollination was used for measuring its stigma vigor, to comparatively analyze the decreasing rates and lasting time of stigma vigor of various materials under natural condition. According to experimental results and combining with field breeding practice, the application of stigma vigor of sterile lines on hybrid rice seed production was discussed.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(312095)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to establish a system for aseptic seeding and rapid propagation of a wild Chinese herbal medicine Ludisia discolor. [Method] The seeds of L. discolor were germinated in four different culture media MS, 1/2MS, Hyponex No.1 （3.0 g/L）, and 1/2 Hyponex No.1 （1.5 g/L）, and the ger- mination rate was calculated 80 d later to select the optimal medium for seed ger- mination of L. discolor. Then, by culturing the protocorms and buds of L. discolor in the media supplemented with different hormone combinations （6-BA and NAA） or organic substrates （potato juice, banana juice and coconut milk）, the optimal medi- um compositions for multiplication and .differentiation, seedling hardening and rooting of L. discolor were respectively determined. [Result] After 80 d of dark culture, 86.67% of the seeds inoculated into the medium 1/2 Hyponex No.1 germinated and developed into protocorms, proving 1/2 Hyponex No.1 was most suitable for seed germination of L. discolor among the four basic media, while MS medium had the worst effects. In culture medium of 1/2 Hyponex No.1＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋100 ml/L co- conut milk supplemented with 0.4 or 0.6 mg/L NAA, a mixed body of protocorms and small buds were induced after being cultured for 45 d, and the multiplication rate was 6.11, which was higher than that in the medium supplied with 0.2 or 0.8 mg/L NAA. By adding 10% potato juice, 10% banana juice or 100 ml/L coconut milk into Hyponex No.1＋1.0 mg/L NAA, it was found that 10% banana juice had better effects in hardening and rooting of L. discolor planlets than 10% potato juice and 100 ml/L coconut milk. The small buds grew into plantlets about 80 d later in the medium with banana juice, the rooting rate was 93.33%, and the plantlet height was 7.19 cm. After hardening-culture for 10 d in a greenhouse, the L. discolor plantlets were transplanted into the mixed matrix of peat soil and lava （at a ratio of 3：1）, and 91.7% of them survived 60 d later. [Conclusion] A relatively perfect propa- gation system of L. discolor was established by using aseptic seeds as explants in this study, which can be used for the protection of L. discolor germplasm resources, seedling propagation and industrial development.
