臭氧水对韭蛆防治效果及韭菜种籽发芽生长的影响

【目的】确定在韭蛆——韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga防治过程中科学合理地使用臭氧（O3）水的方法,并使其发挥最大用途。【方法】在露地韭菜田块分别浇灌10,15,20和30 mg/L的O3水,在平地覆膜韭菜和小拱棚韭菜中分别浇灌5,10和15 mg/L的O3水,同时在室内用10~15mg/L O3水处理不同虫态的韭菜迟眼蕈蚊（成虫、幼虫和蛹）和韭菜植株,2和10 mg/L O3水浸泡韭菜种籽。然后,测定了O3水对韭蛆防治效果,并评价了O3水对韭菜种籽发芽和生长等的影响。【结果】覆膜条件下,浇灌浓度为10~15 mg/L的O3水,对韭蛆的防治效果非常显著,甚至高达100%;而露地浇灌O3水对韭蛆无明显的防治效果;各种栽培模式下浇灌O3水并没有加重韭蛆对韭菜的直接危害。室内条件下,O3水导致成虫、幼虫和蛹的体形变畸或致死,甚至虫体表面明显被腐蚀;O3水可促进韭菜前期生长,增加株高,但不利于修剪后的须根重新萌发。O3水浸泡韭菜种籽后即时用水清洗,将不影响种籽正常发芽;若只浸泡不清洗,将严重抑制种籽发芽。【结论】采用O3水防治韭蛆的方法值得推荐,但在封闭条件下效果最佳。

种籽发芽率的测定方法

普通发芽法:将选取的试样种籽等距排列在加水湿润的培养皿发芽床上,注明编号,放入适宜温度的恒温箱内。试验开始后逐日观察记载并通风加水,到规定时间计算发芽势和发芽率。没有恒温箱的地方,也可放在炉台等处进行。

The Influence of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field （LF EMF） on the Agricultural Crops Seeds Germination

This research is about changing rate of seeds germination by low frequencies electromagnetic field. The method of resonant frequencies to increase seeds germination were developed and patented by authors of this research. The idea of the means is to research a technique to changing a capacitor component of full resistance for extracts of wheat and sunflower seeds under the influence of low frequency electromagnetic field （LF EMF）. After the green sprouting experimentin cups of Petri, it was found that most frequencies found by this method are good, and the best results increasing germination of wheat of a grade Krasnodar 99 were after treatment with 31 Hz, for sunflower of a grade Buzuluk 16 Hz.