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高寒草甸种间性状差异和物种均匀度对物种多样性与功能多样性关系的影响 被引量:28
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作者 陈超 朱志红 +5 位作者 李英年 姚天华 潘石玉 卫欣华 孔彬彬 杜家丽 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第3期661-674,共14页
物种多样性(SD)与功能多样性(FD)之间存在多种关系,但由于生态系统功能主要由物种的功能属性决定,因而功能多样性对生态系统功能的影响大于物种多样性的影响。但在种间性状差异和物种均匀度这两个构成功能多样性的基本成分中,何者对功... 物种多样性(SD)与功能多样性(FD)之间存在多种关系,但由于生态系统功能主要由物种的功能属性决定,因而功能多样性对生态系统功能的影响大于物种多样性的影响。但在种间性状差异和物种均匀度这两个构成功能多样性的基本成分中,何者对功能多样性影响更大,并进而决定SD-FD关系尚不明确。通过在高寒矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis)草甸为期6a的刈割(留茬1 cm、3 cm及不刈割)和施肥(尿素7.5 g m^(-2)a^(-1)+磷酸二胺1.8 g m^(-2)a^(-1)、不施肥)控制实验,研究了种间性状差异(33个物种13个性状)和物种均匀度(所有物种)对物种多样性(所有物种)与功能多样性(33个物种13个性状)之间关系的影响。研究结果显示:(1)物种多样性与功能多样性正相关,它们与多性状种间差异负相关,而与物种均匀度正相关。物种均匀度是导致功能多样性变化的主要因素,也是导致SD-FD正相关的原因,这是因为随着物种多样性增加,物种均匀度的增加程度大于多性状种间差异的减少程度,因而功能多样性增加,SD-FD正相关;(2)功能多样性指数(FD_(Rao)和FDis)随物种多样性指数(H')减速递增,表明群落存在一定的功能冗余,且功能冗余随物种多样性的增大而增大,但尚未达到产生SD-FD无相关性的极限H'值;(3)功能多样性对高寒草甸生态系统地上净初级生产力(ANPP)的影响大于物种多样性的影响,二元线性回归显示在同时考虑二者对ANPP的影响时,可排除物种多样性的作用。但由于物种多样性下降或物种丧失引起的物种功能性状丢失或性状空间维度减小将导致功能多样性降低,表明它们之间存在一定互补性,在研究生物多样性与生态系统功能关系时,同时考虑物种多样性和功能多样性的影响仍十分必要。 展开更多
关键词 多样性 功能多样性 种间性状差异 均匀度 高寒草甸
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草地植物功能性状变异的程度和来源 被引量:6
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作者 朱璧如 徐冰 张大勇 《北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第5期485-489,共5页
分析了内蒙古草地植物的6个功能性状在种间、种内不同种群间和同一种群内不同个体间的变异.结果表明,除株高外其余5个功能性状的变异主要来自种间,但种内变异占总体变异的比例不能被忽视.不同功能性状的种内和种间变异的程度和来源不同... 分析了内蒙古草地植物的6个功能性状在种间、种内不同种群间和同一种群内不同个体间的变异.结果表明,除株高外其余5个功能性状的变异主要来自种间,但种内变异占总体变异的比例不能被忽视.不同功能性状的种内和种间变异的程度和来源不同,说明不同物种、不同性状对环境变化的响应不同.因此利用功能性状进行各种研究时,应该充分考虑种内变异的影响. 展开更多
关键词 功能性状 性状变异 种间性状变异
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山西太岳山典型森林物种多样性和功能多样性关系研究 被引量:2
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作者 李晓强 田平 程小琴 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2017年第9期628-634,共7页
[目的]物种多样性(SD)和功能多样性(FD)在解释生态系统功能上发挥着越来越重要的作用。为探究不同群落层次(乔木、灌木、草本)SD-FD关系以及影响SD-FD的主要因子。[方法]对太岳山华北落叶松白桦混交林以及辽东栎次生林SD和FD进行研究。... [目的]物种多样性(SD)和功能多样性(FD)在解释生态系统功能上发挥着越来越重要的作用。为探究不同群落层次(乔木、灌木、草本)SD-FD关系以及影响SD-FD的主要因子。[方法]对太岳山华北落叶松白桦混交林以及辽东栎次生林SD和FD进行研究。[结果]不同林分、不同群落层次间SD-FD关系存在差异,华北落叶松白桦混交林内乔木层中SD与FD表现为显著正相关关系,辽东栎次生林乔木层的SD与FD无显著相关关系,而2种林分的灌木层与草本层SD与FD均呈现显著负相关;SD-FD的关系取决于物种均匀度(J_w)、物种丰富度(S)以及种间性状差异(d_(ij))对FD、SD的综合影响,当SD-FD正相关时,3个因子与FD/SD有显著正相关关系,并且d_(ij)的解释力最大,当SD-FD负相关时,J_w、S与FD/SD呈负相关关系,d_(ij)与FD/SD正相关,并且各因子解释力大小表现为J_w>S>d_(ij)。[结论]本文为森林生态系统多样性与稳定性研究以及森林经营管理提供了理论依据。 展开更多
关键词 多样性 功能多样性 丰富度 均匀度 种间性状差异
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鲁东南地区优质甘薯品种比较试验
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作者 于建清 王云鹏 +2 位作者 王晶珊 徐淑亮 蒋学杰 《中文科技期刊数据库(全文版)农业科学》 2020年第7期16-17,共2页
为筛选出适宜鲁东南地区种植的优质高产甘薯品种,开展鲜食型甘薯优质品种对比试验。结果表明,济薯26、烟薯25生育性状表现佳,表现出茎基粗、藤蔓长、分枝多、结薯多、丰产性好,宜在示范基础上进行推广应用。
关键词 鲁东南 甘薯 优质品 种间性状
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浙江古田山亚热带常绿阔叶林开花和结实物候的种间种内差异 被引量:4
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作者 赵袁 杜彦君 +2 位作者 曹洪麟 胡小丽 马克平 《中国科学:生命科学》 CSCD 北大核心 2016年第11期1312-1323,共12页
植物物候学主要研究植物的生活史事件发生时间和环境因子之间的关系.物候作为植物重要的功能性状,却未见有在群落水平上将植物物候变异和群落结构特征(多度)联系起来探究植物物候变异规律的报道.为了探索物候性状的种间种内变异规律,201... 植物物候学主要研究植物的生活史事件发生时间和环境因子之间的关系.物候作为植物重要的功能性状,却未见有在群落水平上将植物物候变异和群落结构特征(多度)联系起来探究植物物候变异规律的报道.为了探索物候性状的种间种内变异规律,2012年4月~2015年8月在中国东部地区浙江省古田山国家级自然保护区亚热带常绿阔叶林24hm^2大样地(GTS;29°10′19.4″~29°17′41.4″N,118°03′49.7″~118°11′12.2″E)内,对106种植物的物候进行连续观测,用标准差定性分析物候的种间和种内差异.结果表明,影响开花物候的气候因子为降水,群落开花高峰集中在5月,结实成熟高峰集中在10月.群落结实物候种间差异小于开花物候,其中结实物候种间差异为41天,开花物候种间差异为52天;群落水平植物开花和结实物候的种内变异小于种间;大部分物种开花物候的种内变异小于结实物候.本研究首次探讨了物候期种内变异系数和物种多度的关系,也是首次研究物候种内变异系数与物候期早晚的关系,发现群落物候种内变异与物种的多度不相关,群落开花物候种内变异与物候期的关系不显著,群落结实物候的种内变异和物候期具有显著负相关关系,即物候期早的结实物候种内变异大,物候期晚的结实物候种内变异小.将植物物候变异和群落结构特征(多度)联系起来探究植物物候变异规律,有利于理解物候的改变是怎样影响物种的相互作用和适合度,这对于在气候变化大背景下理解植物性状变异及物种分化和群落动态变化具有重要意义. 展开更多
关键词 开花 结实 种间性状变异 性状变异 群落结构
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Transfer of Superior Traits from Brassica juncea into Brassica napus 被引量:6
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作者 刘忠松 官春云 +2 位作者 陈社员 刘淑艳 杨柳 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第6期49-52,共4页
Both Brassica juncea(mustard)and B.napus(rapeseed)are allotetraploid species of Brassica.Although these two species have their unique characters,they possess a common A genome and a few homeologous chromosomes bet... Both Brassica juncea(mustard)and B.napus(rapeseed)are allotetraploid species of Brassica.Although these two species have their unique characters,they possess a common A genome and a few homeologous chromosomes between the genomes B and C,which provide the foundation for transfer of superior traits from B.juncea into worldwide cultivated B.napus.The unique characters of B.juncea were summarized,breeding procedure for introgression of superior traits from B.juncea into B.napus by the interspecific crossing proposed,and some recently developed rapeseed germplasm lines with novel traits such as yellow seed and super oil content,restorer of fertility for pol CMS,extreme early maturity,high oleic acid content and short-staure plant briefly introduced in this paper. 展开更多
关键词 Oilseed brassicas Interspecific cross Breeding procedure Germplasm enhancement Seed coat color Oil content Oleic acid content Short-stature variety
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Genetic Effects and Heterosis in Plant Height and Internode Traits of Japonica-Indica Hybrid Rice 被引量:2
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作者 林建荣 宋昕蔚 吴明国 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第4期746-750,共5页
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the genetic effects and heterosis of plant height and internode traits of japonica-indica hybrid rice. [Methed] Incomplete diallel crosses were made between six japonica CMS... [Objective] This study aimed to investigate the genetic effects and heterosis of plant height and internode traits of japonica-indica hybrid rice. [Methed] Incomplete diallel crosses were made between six japonica CMS lines and nine indica widecompatibility restorer lines; the genetic effects of plant height and internode traits of japonica-indica hybrid rice were analyzed using the additive-dominance genetic model. [Result] The ple, nt height, panicle length and the length of internode 1 of japonica-in- dica hybrid rice were mainly controlled by the additive effects; but the length of in- ternode 3, internode 4 and internode 5 were mainly controlled by dominance effects. Both the narrow sense heritability and broad sense heritability of plant height, panicle length, number of elongated internodes and length of most internodes reached signifi- cance level. The positive phenotypic correlation, genetic correlation, additive correla- tion and dominance correlation between plant height and panicle length, number of e- longated internodes and internode length were significant; and most of the other paired traits were significantly positively correlated. Heterosis analysis showed that the positive heterosis value over mid-parent and positive heterosis value over better- parent of the length of internode 3, internode 4, internode 5 and internode 6 reached significant level, and the heterosis value over mid-parent of plant height reached extreme significance level. [Conclusion] This study will provide reliable theoretical basis for the genetic improvement and heterosis utilization of plant height and internode traits in japonica-indica hybrid rice. 展开更多
关键词 Japonica-indica hybrid rice Plant height Internode traits Genetic effects HERITABILITY Correlation HETEROSIS
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Analysis of the Correlation between Seed-setting Characters and Seed Investigation Time in Rice
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作者 宋忠华 张艳贵 宁金花 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第11期2446-2450,共5页
With super hybrid rice cultivar Y Liangyou 1 as the experimental material, seed-setting rate, abortive grain rate, empty grain rate and 1 000-seed weight were investigated for continuous 10 days since the first day po... With super hybrid rice cultivar Y Liangyou 1 as the experimental material, seed-setting rate, abortive grain rate, empty grain rate and 1 000-seed weight were investigated for continuous 10 days since the first day post-harvest to reveal the correlation between differences in seed-setting characters of rice and seed investiga- tion time. The results indicated that seed-setting rate, abortive grain rate, empty grain rate and 1 000-seed weight varied at different seed investigation time. With the postponement of seed investigation, seed-setting rate and 1 000-seed weight showed downward trends, abortive grain rate showed an upward trend, while empty grain rate exhibited a significant correlation with seed investigation time. Seed-setting rate, abortive grain rate and 1 000-seed weight exhibited no significant differences within the first three days after the harvest; since day 4, seed-setting rate and 1000-seed weight declined remarkably, while abortive grain rate increased signifi- cantly. Based on the correlation between seed-setting characters of rice and seed investigation time, the analysis of seed-setting characters of rice and other cereal crops should be completed within the first three days after the harvest, thereby im- proving the accuracy of relative conclusion. 展开更多
关键词 Investigation time Seed-setting characters CORRELATION RICE
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格氏栲天然林林窗植物群落功能性状的变异 被引量:10
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作者 江蓝 魏晨思 +6 位作者 何中声 朱静 邢聪 王雪琳 刘金福 沈彩霞 施友文 《植物生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第3期267-279,共13页
林窗是森林更新演替的重要环节,揭示林窗环境下功能性状变异来源及其相对贡献,有助于阐明植物对林窗环境的响应。该研究以中亚热带格氏栲(Castanopsis kawakamii)天然林为对象,设置9个不同大小的林窗样地,运用方差分解探讨林窗、物种和... 林窗是森林更新演替的重要环节,揭示林窗环境下功能性状变异来源及其相对贡献,有助于阐明植物对林窗环境的响应。该研究以中亚热带格氏栲(Castanopsis kawakamii)天然林为对象,设置9个不同大小的林窗样地,运用方差分解探讨林窗、物种和个体对叶性状变异的相对贡献,采用线性回归分析不同大小林窗下群落性状变化及种间和种内性状变异的重要性。研究发现:(1)格氏栲天然林林窗植物比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶厚和叶绿素含量由种间性状变异主导,叶氮含量由种内性状变异主导,叶磷含量受林窗大小影响最大。(2)群落叶磷含量与林窗大小具有显著正相关关系,土壤温度和水解氮含量对群落叶磷含量具有显著正效应,土壤有效磷含量具有显著负效应。(3)沿林冠开放度的群落叶磷含量变化主要由种内性状变异引起,优势种扮演着重要角色。结果表明,格氏栲天然林林窗环境下植物功能性状仍以种间性状变异为主(平均41%),但沿林窗环境梯度的群落性状变化主要源自种内性状变异,通过植物表型可塑性响应环境改变,优势种作用明显。 展开更多
关键词 性状变异 林窗大小 种间性状变异 性状变异 群落性状
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Explaining variation in productivity requires intraspecific variability in plant height among communities
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作者 Li Zhang Xiang Liu +1 位作者 Shurong Zhou Bill Shipley 《Journal of Plant Ecology》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第2期310-319,共10页
While recent studies have shown the importance of intraspecific trait variation in the processes of community assembly,we still know little about the contributions of intraspecific trait variability to ecosystem funct... While recent studies have shown the importance of intraspecific trait variation in the processes of community assembly,we still know little about the contributions of intraspecific trait variability to ecosystem functions.Here,we conducted a functional group removal experiment in an alpine meadow in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau over 4 years to investigate the relative importance of inter-and intraspecific variability in plant height for productivity.We split total variability in plant height within each of 75 manipulated communities into interspecific variability(TV_(inter))and intraspecific variability within a community(ITV_(within)).Community-weighted mean height among communities was decomposed into fixed community-weighted mean(CWM_(fixed))and intraspecific variability among communities(ITV_(among)).We constructed a series of generalized additive mixed models and piecewise structural equation modeling to determine how trait variability(i.e.TV_(inter),ITV_(within),CWM_(fixed) and ITV_(among))indirectly mediated the changes in productivity in response to functional group removal.Community productivity was not only affected directly by treatment manipulations,but also increased with both inter-and intraspecific variability(i.e.CWM_(fixed) and ITV_(among))in plant height indirectly.This suggests that both the‘selection effect’and a‘shade-avoidance syndrome’can incur higher CWM_(fixed) and ITV_(among),and may simultaneously operate to regulate productivity.Our findings provide new evidence that,besides interspecific variability,intraspecific trait variability in plant height also plays a role in maintaining net primary productivity. 展开更多
关键词 aboveground net primary productivity alpine meadow interspecific trait variability intraspecific trait variability plant height
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Individual variability in life-history traits drives population size stability 被引量:1
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作者 Ned A. DOCHTERMANN C. M. GIENGER 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第2期358-362,共5页
Understanding how population sizes vary over time is a key aspect of ecological research. Unfortunately, our under- standing of population dynamics has historically been based on an assumption that individuals are ide... Understanding how population sizes vary over time is a key aspect of ecological research. Unfortunately, our under- standing of population dynamics has historically been based on an assumption that individuals are identical with homogenous life-history properties. This assumption is certainly false for most natural systems, raising the question of what role individual variation plays in the dynamics of populations. While there has been an increase of interest regarding the effects of within popula- tion variation on the dynamics of single populations, there has been little study of the effects of differences in within population variation on patterns observed across populations. We found that life-history differences (clutch size) among individuals ex- plained the majority of the variation observed in the degree to which population sizes of eastern fence lizards Sceloporus undula- tus fluctuated. This finding suggests that differences across populations cannot be understood without an examination of differences at the level of a system rather than at the level of the individual 展开更多
关键词 Individual variation Population size variability Ecological stability Demographic stochasticity Demographic heterogeneity Sceloporus undulatus
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