科技投入对国家创新能力的提升机制研究

增加科技投入是提升创新能力的重要手段和有效途径。近年来我国科技投入力度不断加强,庞大的科技投入对国家创新能力的作用效果到底如何?不同的投入形式和途径带来的结果有何差异?本文以专利申请数量和新产品销售收入为国家创新能力的指标要素,采用系统动力学的方法建立了科技投入对国家创新能力提升机制的仿真模型。通过Vensim PLE软件对系统内科研资金、人员和政策的变动以及企业、科研机构和高校三大科研主体间资金和人员流动对国家创新能力的影响进行了模拟,揭示了不同形式和来源的科技投入对国家创新能力的作用途径和效果。研究发现:(1)科研资金在配置过程中向高校流动,科研人员在配置过程中向高校和企业流动更有利于提升国家创新能力;(2)从科技政策来看,加大教育投入和专利保护强度都能有效地提升国家创新能力。

Measuring potential food productivity for different areas in Songnen Plain based on analytic hierarchy process

The improved analytic hierachy process method was utilized in this paper,and a variety of factors influencing the food production were classified into several interrelated orderly objectives layers;based on the works above,this paper made an scientific assessment on the influencing factors of food production and production potential of the various regions in the Songnen Plain.The weights and composite indices were calculated with the method of solving weight by AHP's accumulation factor sequence evaluating data,and were processed by single-level sorting and general sorting.The result showed that,the region of Changchun had the biggest potential for improving food production,but smallest for Heihe region.The key reason for the food production discrepancy of a variety of regions in Songnen Plain is the differences in scale of production and climatic conditions,the weight coefficients of which are 0.3654 and 0.2742;however,the weight coefficients of agricultural science and technology investment is very low just 0.1703,which should be increasted in the future.