我国是科研大国,也是科研成果外流最严重的国家。文章以EI与Web of Science数据库检索结果为依据,选取近10年的数据为样本,分析了我国科研论文外流的数量、质量、学科分布,并进一步分析科研成果外流对国家和民族的科学研究、经济发展、...我国是科研大国,也是科研成果外流最严重的国家。文章以EI与Web of Science数据库检索结果为依据,选取近10年的数据为样本,分析了我国科研论文外流的数量、质量、学科分布,并进一步分析科研成果外流对国家和民族的科学研究、经济发展、科技信息安全等方面造成的危害。导致科研成果外流主要有两方面原因:国内的科研评价导向的错误与评价体系的偏差;以美国为主的发达国家的科技期刊的影响力与吸引力。文章具体分析了国内科研评价导向与评价体系存在的问题与国内外科技期刊的实力悬殊,在此基础上提出防止科研成果外流的具体措施:自主创新,为科研创造适宜的人文环境;建立科学合理的学术评价体系,使科研人员转变理念,回归科研本身;着重发展我国的英文学术期刊与索引数据库,使之走向世界。展开更多
Till about 15 years ago, almost all information exchange among scientists and scholars was mediated by print and even then researchers in the developing countries were at a great disadvantage as their libraries did no...Till about 15 years ago, almost all information exchange among scientists and scholars was mediated by print and even then researchers in the developing countries were at a great disadvantage as their libraries did not have the resources to subscribe in comparison with even a small fraction of journals libraries in advanced countries. But the Internet and the World Wide Web initially exacerbated the gap between the rich and the poor countries, as many poor countries were slow to acquire these technologies and the infrastructure (especially bandwidth). Soon it became clear that thanks to these technologies we now have the unprecedented opportunity of having a level playing field in the matter of accessing scientific and scholarly information. Transforming this opportunity into reality is entirely in the hands of the researchers themselves. Imagine a world where every scientist places his/ her research papers, which (s)he wants to give away so others can read and make use of, in a public archive. Anyone anywhere in the world, of course having an Internet connection, can access, download, and read those papers. This is a win-win situation for all: the reader gets to read what he wants to read at very little cost; the author gains greater visibility for his work and the work reported is likely to have greater impact than if it were to be made available only through a toll-access journal. Although the logic is so simple, in reality such archives were not coming up for a very long time. In spite of the fact that computer scientists and physicists had shown about 15 years ago the great advantages of such archives. Recent studies by Alma Swan and others have shown that a very large proportion of scientists are not aware of open access and therefore what we need is focused advocacy. Even among those who know of OA, many are not depositing their papers in archives but say they would if they are asked by their bosses or their funding agencies. Clearly the ball is in the court of scientists and policy makers. OA is especially advantageous to the developing countries as the current access to literatures is poorest in these countries.展开更多
文摘我国是科研大国,也是科研成果外流最严重的国家。文章以EI与Web of Science数据库检索结果为依据,选取近10年的数据为样本,分析了我国科研论文外流的数量、质量、学科分布,并进一步分析科研成果外流对国家和民族的科学研究、经济发展、科技信息安全等方面造成的危害。导致科研成果外流主要有两方面原因:国内的科研评价导向的错误与评价体系的偏差;以美国为主的发达国家的科技期刊的影响力与吸引力。文章具体分析了国内科研评价导向与评价体系存在的问题与国内外科技期刊的实力悬殊,在此基础上提出防止科研成果外流的具体措施:自主创新,为科研创造适宜的人文环境;建立科学合理的学术评价体系,使科研人员转变理念,回归科研本身;着重发展我国的英文学术期刊与索引数据库,使之走向世界。
文摘Till about 15 years ago, almost all information exchange among scientists and scholars was mediated by print and even then researchers in the developing countries were at a great disadvantage as their libraries did not have the resources to subscribe in comparison with even a small fraction of journals libraries in advanced countries. But the Internet and the World Wide Web initially exacerbated the gap between the rich and the poor countries, as many poor countries were slow to acquire these technologies and the infrastructure (especially bandwidth). Soon it became clear that thanks to these technologies we now have the unprecedented opportunity of having a level playing field in the matter of accessing scientific and scholarly information. Transforming this opportunity into reality is entirely in the hands of the researchers themselves. Imagine a world where every scientist places his/ her research papers, which (s)he wants to give away so others can read and make use of, in a public archive. Anyone anywhere in the world, of course having an Internet connection, can access, download, and read those papers. This is a win-win situation for all: the reader gets to read what he wants to read at very little cost; the author gains greater visibility for his work and the work reported is likely to have greater impact than if it were to be made available only through a toll-access journal. Although the logic is so simple, in reality such archives were not coming up for a very long time. In spite of the fact that computer scientists and physicists had shown about 15 years ago the great advantages of such archives. Recent studies by Alma Swan and others have shown that a very large proportion of scientists are not aware of open access and therefore what we need is focused advocacy. Even among those who know of OA, many are not depositing their papers in archives but say they would if they are asked by their bosses or their funding agencies. Clearly the ball is in the court of scientists and policy makers. OA is especially advantageous to the developing countries as the current access to literatures is poorest in these countries.
