Objective To report our experience of retrograde hepatectomy in 244 cases of difficultly resected liver cancer. Methods Large, poor-exposure and inferior vena cava (IVC)-involving liver cancers that were difficult t...Objective To report our experience of retrograde hepatectomy in 244 cases of difficultly resected liver cancer. Methods Large, poor-exposure and inferior vena cava (IVC)-involving liver cancers that were difficult to remove by classical hepatectomy, have been resected successfully by retrograde hepatectomy combined with vascular surgical techniques in 244 patients (group A). Thirty one patients with similar circumstances undergoing classical hepatectomy duing the same period served as controls (group B). Results There were no perioperative mortalities in both groups. The comparison between group A and group B, the estimated intraoperative blood loss was 1290±998 ml versus 2286±1363 ml, post-operative pleural effusions occurred in 26/244 versus 10/31, ascites in 72/244 versus 19/31, moderate to severe jaundice in 14/244 versus 5/31, effusion in the operative area in 17/244 versus 7/31, subphrenic infection in 3/244 versus 1/31, bile leakage in 2/244 versus 1/31, wound infection in 3/244 versus 1/31, respectively. The time until ALT normalizaton in the groups A and B was 13.8±5.1 days and 18.9±8.9 days respectively. The difference between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Retrograde hepatectomy is a safe and effective method for difficultly resected liver cancer. Key words cancer - liver - liver surgery - retrograde展开更多
According to growth pole theory, this paper puts forward that when allocating regional science and technology (S&T) innovation resources based on S&T program, should abide the principle that important area rec...According to growth pole theory, this paper puts forward that when allocating regional science and technology (S&T) innovation resources based on S&T program, should abide the principle that important area receives priority support; Meanwhile, it designs method to ascertain district S&T advantage and S&T innovation resources utilizing efficiency as well as S&T developing speed by using component analysis and DEA method, and then constructs three-dimension selecting model,by which a positive research on Heilongjiang is made, the purpose of which is to offer scientific method support and decision-making foundation for making regional S&T program.展开更多
Ethics and morality are old and constantly updated topic. In the modern science and technology rapid development situation, study of ethics of science and technology is relatively backward. The times call for advanced...Ethics and morality are old and constantly updated topic. In the modern science and technology rapid development situation, study of ethics of science and technology is relatively backward. The times call for advanced and reasonable ethics of science-technology. Basic concepts and characteristics of ethics and morals are distinguished and defined in this paper. Three ethic essences of science-technology are abstracted from scientific-technological generation, application, and development. The three-dimension system of basic principles for scientific-technologic ethics is created, as illustrated by the portions given in this paper. The evolution formula of value system is derived, and used for appraising whether the science-technology activity is in all reason. Furthermore, it provides the theory base for quantified management. Finally, it is pointed out that morality and law should be supplemented each other in the science-technology management.展开更多
The intensity of external uncertain environments has urged more and more companies to adopt theentrepreneurial orientation strategy. But to translate the corporate entrepreneurial orientation intoorganizational perfor...The intensity of external uncertain environments has urged more and more companies to adopt theentrepreneurial orientation strategy. But to translate the corporate entrepreneurial orientation intoorganizational performance, there must be certain transformation paths and the support from internalentrepreneurial environment.展开更多
China Launches Space Junk Monitoring Center China,on June 8,launched a space junk monitoring center to protect its spacecraft in orbit.The center,which is managed by the State Administration of Science,Technology and ...China Launches Space Junk Monitoring Center China,on June 8,launched a space junk monitoring center to protect its spacecraft in orbit.The center,which is managed by the State Administration of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defense（SASTIND）and the Chinese Academy of Sciences（CAS）,will track and monitor nearearth objects and space debris.展开更多
With the development of science and technology change quickly, the technology of the computer field is becoming more and more perfect and progress, and the development of computer software is also more extensive. It p...With the development of science and technology change quickly, the technology of the computer field is becoming more and more perfect and progress, and the development of computer software is also more extensive. It provides a simple, scientific and technological solution for many fields. The high development of information bring digitized concept to every sections. So, Software development, operation, testing and other steps will be affect by those fields. Therefore, the development of the software industry needs to improve the management efficiency, and improve the efficiency of product development in the whole process.展开更多
Mathematical economic modeling is widely used to provide a reference for policy makers and guidance for the specific work of many departments, such as saving expenditures, reducing costs and improving profit. Particul...Mathematical economic modeling is widely used to provide a reference for policy makers and guidance for the specific work of many departments, such as saving expenditures, reducing costs and improving profit. Particularly, it can predict and estimate the future, playing a great role in promoting the rapid development of science and technology as well as the management of market economy. In general, mathematics does not directly deal with the objective conditions on the management of market economy. In order to use mathematics to solve problems in the field of the management of market economic, it is necessary to carry out mathematical economic modeling.展开更多
The accounting result from science and technology innovation and the development of productivity, with management modes and financial reforms as its opportunity and the operation of international capital, as well as e...The accounting result from science and technology innovation and the development of productivity, with management modes and financial reforms as its opportunity and the operation of international capital, as well as economic integration helping improve it. An invention, a president, the occurrence of an organization, a historical lesson may directly or indirectly change accounting regulations, and even trigger an accounting revolution. We will put a variety of significant impacts on an accounting, so as to get a fundamental understanding of the close relationship between such events and accounting events, including innovation of accounting theory, and accounting practice; we adopted the ＂table-style＂ form of papers, with many self-evident and intuitive tables, we compile a series of major historical events reasonably. Only in accordance with evolution of objective environment, can we design proper accounting practice, and thus innovate and develop accounting.展开更多
With the rapid development of the management science and technology, the management related course is becoming popular. In this research paper, we research on the enterprise strategic management course based on the pr...With the rapid development of the management science and technology, the management related course is becoming popular. In this research paper, we research on the enterprise strategic management course based on the problem oriented teaching methodology. We reviewed the latest strategic management recently developed various theories and academic point of view to from the theoretical level of modern enterprise strategy management pattern to generalize and summarize, thus to guide the strategic management of modern enterprises. Enterprise strategic management is to point to determine its mission according to the external environment and internal conditions set strategic goals of the enterprise. Through combing the development of the strategic management theory, grasp the context and the regularity of the evolution of enterprise strategic thinking and the development trend of enterprise strategic theory at home and abroad was discussed to promote the existing strategic management research provides some unique ideas and thoughts.展开更多
The present study was conducted to evaluate minimally invasive tube cystostomy technique in goats and calves suffering from obstructive urolithiasis having intact and ruptured urinary bladder. This clinical study was ...The present study was conducted to evaluate minimally invasive tube cystostomy technique in goats and calves suffering from obstructive urolithiasis having intact and ruptured urinary bladder. This clinical study was carried out on 84 clinical cases （61 goats and 23 calves） based on the history, clinical signs and physical examination along with common laboratory techniques at the Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University during January 2015-December 2016. Physical parameters like heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and dehydration status of animals were noted and corrected abnormality before surgery. Some cases had slightly higher haemoglobin （Hb）, packed cell volume （PCV） and uric acid and epithelial casts in urine. The study revealed that abnormal calcium-phosphorus ratio was predisposing the animals to urolithiasis. It was found that young ruminants （3-5 months） were most commonly affected in both species. All affected animals were male in this study, in which calves were not castrated but in goats 95.08% animals were castrated. Rupture of bladder was more common in calves as compared to goats. Postoperatively all cases were administered with broad-spectrum antibiotic, anti-inflammatory agent and caliculolytic agents like ammonium chloride. Tube cystostomy with Foley’s catheter was the most satisfactory technique for the management of obstructive urolithiasis in small ruminants. Postoperative complications were recorded only in four animals and remaining 80 animals had a normal recovery from tube cystostomy. Tube cystostomy is a simple, inexpensive and very effective procedure for the treatment of urolithiasis in ruminants.展开更多
Patients suffering from zygomatic complex fractures always present facial deformity and dyslunctions, and thereafter develop psychological and physiological problems. It is really hard to get an ideal prog- nosis for ...Patients suffering from zygomatic complex fractures always present facial deformity and dyslunctions, and thereafter develop psychological and physiological problems. It is really hard to get an ideal prog- nosis for the zygomatic complex fractures because of the complicated anatomical structures. Computer- assisted surgery techniques, as the new emerging auxiliary methods, can optimize the surgical protocol, predict operation outcomes, and improve the accuracy and quality of the operation. Meanwhile the postoperative complications can be reduced effectively. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of computer-assisted surgery techniques in the management of zygomatic complex fractures.展开更多
Harms technique of CI-C2 fixation for atlantoaxial complex becomes more popular due to good fusion rate and low vertebral artery injury （VAI） rate. But considering the unique and variable anatomy of atlanto- axial c...Harms technique of CI-C2 fixation for atlantoaxial complex becomes more popular due to good fusion rate and low vertebral artery injury （VAI） rate. But considering the unique and variable anatomy of atlanto- axial complex, iatrogenic VAI will result in catastrophic con- sequences and provides particular surgical challenges for surgeons. To our knowledge, comparing with iatrogenic VAI in the screw hole, iatrogenic VAI in the ＂open space＂ is much rarer during the Harms technique of C1-C2 fixation. In this article, we present a case of iatrogenic vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm after Harms technique of posterior C1-C2 fixation. This case of iatrogenic VAI effectively treated by endovascular coil occlusion and external local compressionwas initially misdiagnosed as VAI by pedicle screw perforation. It can be concluded that intraoperative or post- operative computed angiography is very helpful to diag- nose the exact site of VAI and the combination of endovascular coil occlusion as well as external local com- pression can further prevent bleeding and abnormal verte- bral artery flow in the pseudoaneurysm. However, patients treated require further follow-up to confirm that there is no recurrence of the Dseudoaneurysm.展开更多
With the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, more engineered nanomaterials(NMs) are being released into the environment. Such releases might lead to unwanted exposure. The dissolution of NMs at nano-b...With the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, more engineered nanomaterials(NMs) are being released into the environment. Such releases might lead to unwanted exposure. The dissolution of NMs at nano-bio interfaces is one of the most noteworthy causes of the toxicity of dissolvable NMs. A growing number of studies are focusing assessing NMs dissolution during exposure tests. This mini review considers recent developments in the quantitative tools for the assessment of NMs dissolution, and highlights the critical points in the evaluation of the toxicity of dissolvable NMs.展开更多
This paper sums up the fundamental research projects on Vascular Surgery supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1996 to 2000, and presents the experimental results and advances in the aspects o...This paper sums up the fundamental research projects on Vascular Surgery supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1996 to 2000, and presents the experimental results and advances in the aspects of ischemia disease, the formation mechanism and prevention of restenosis, the development of abdominal aorta aneurysm and portal hypertention.展开更多
文摘Objective To report our experience of retrograde hepatectomy in 244 cases of difficultly resected liver cancer. Methods Large, poor-exposure and inferior vena cava (IVC)-involving liver cancers that were difficult to remove by classical hepatectomy, have been resected successfully by retrograde hepatectomy combined with vascular surgical techniques in 244 patients (group A). Thirty one patients with similar circumstances undergoing classical hepatectomy duing the same period served as controls (group B). Results There were no perioperative mortalities in both groups. The comparison between group A and group B, the estimated intraoperative blood loss was 1290±998 ml versus 2286±1363 ml, post-operative pleural effusions occurred in 26/244 versus 10/31, ascites in 72/244 versus 19/31, moderate to severe jaundice in 14/244 versus 5/31, effusion in the operative area in 17/244 versus 7/31, subphrenic infection in 3/244 versus 1/31, bile leakage in 2/244 versus 1/31, wound infection in 3/244 versus 1/31, respectively. The time until ALT normalizaton in the groups A and B was 13.8±5.1 days and 18.9±8.9 days respectively. The difference between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Retrograde hepatectomy is a safe and effective method for difficultly resected liver cancer. Key words cancer - liver - liver surgery - retrograde
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 70473020)the Science and Technology Research Project of Heilongjiang Province (Grant No GC06J404)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang (Grant No G200608)80
文摘According to growth pole theory, this paper puts forward that when allocating regional science and technology (S&T) innovation resources based on S&T program, should abide the principle that important area receives priority support; Meanwhile, it designs method to ascertain district S&T advantage and S&T innovation resources utilizing efficiency as well as S&T developing speed by using component analysis and DEA method, and then constructs three-dimension selecting model,by which a positive research on Heilongjiang is made, the purpose of which is to offer scientific method support and decision-making foundation for making regional S&T program.
文摘Ethics and morality are old and constantly updated topic. In the modern science and technology rapid development situation, study of ethics of science and technology is relatively backward. The times call for advanced and reasonable ethics of science-technology. Basic concepts and characteristics of ethics and morals are distinguished and defined in this paper. Three ethic essences of science-technology are abstracted from scientific-technological generation, application, and development. The three-dimension system of basic principles for scientific-technologic ethics is created, as illustrated by the portions given in this paper. The evolution formula of value system is derived, and used for appraising whether the science-technology activity is in all reason. Furthermore, it provides the theory base for quantified management. Finally, it is pointed out that morality and law should be supplemented each other in the science-technology management.
文摘The intensity of external uncertain environments has urged more and more companies to adopt theentrepreneurial orientation strategy. But to translate the corporate entrepreneurial orientation intoorganizational performance, there must be certain transformation paths and the support from internalentrepreneurial environment.
文摘China Launches Space Junk Monitoring Center China,on June 8,launched a space junk monitoring center to protect its spacecraft in orbit.The center,which is managed by the State Administration of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defense（SASTIND）and the Chinese Academy of Sciences（CAS）,will track and monitor nearearth objects and space debris.
文摘With the development of science and technology change quickly, the technology of the computer field is becoming more and more perfect and progress, and the development of computer software is also more extensive. It provides a simple, scientific and technological solution for many fields. The high development of information bring digitized concept to every sections. So, Software development, operation, testing and other steps will be affect by those fields. Therefore, the development of the software industry needs to improve the management efficiency, and improve the efficiency of product development in the whole process.
文摘Mathematical economic modeling is widely used to provide a reference for policy makers and guidance for the specific work of many departments, such as saving expenditures, reducing costs and improving profit. Particularly, it can predict and estimate the future, playing a great role in promoting the rapid development of science and technology as well as the management of market economy. In general, mathematics does not directly deal with the objective conditions on the management of market economy. In order to use mathematics to solve problems in the field of the management of market economic, it is necessary to carry out mathematical economic modeling.
文摘The accounting result from science and technology innovation and the development of productivity, with management modes and financial reforms as its opportunity and the operation of international capital, as well as economic integration helping improve it. An invention, a president, the occurrence of an organization, a historical lesson may directly or indirectly change accounting regulations, and even trigger an accounting revolution. We will put a variety of significant impacts on an accounting, so as to get a fundamental understanding of the close relationship between such events and accounting events, including innovation of accounting theory, and accounting practice; we adopted the ＂table-style＂ form of papers, with many self-evident and intuitive tables, we compile a series of major historical events reasonably. Only in accordance with evolution of objective environment, can we design proper accounting practice, and thus innovate and develop accounting.
文摘With the rapid development of the management science and technology, the management related course is becoming popular. In this research paper, we research on the enterprise strategic management course based on the problem oriented teaching methodology. We reviewed the latest strategic management recently developed various theories and academic point of view to from the theoretical level of modern enterprise strategy management pattern to generalize and summarize, thus to guide the strategic management of modern enterprises. Enterprise strategic management is to point to determine its mission according to the external environment and internal conditions set strategic goals of the enterprise. Through combing the development of the strategic management theory, grasp the context and the regularity of the evolution of enterprise strategic thinking and the development trend of enterprise strategic theory at home and abroad was discussed to promote the existing strategic management research provides some unique ideas and thoughts.
文摘The present study was conducted to evaluate minimally invasive tube cystostomy technique in goats and calves suffering from obstructive urolithiasis having intact and ruptured urinary bladder. This clinical study was carried out on 84 clinical cases （61 goats and 23 calves） based on the history, clinical signs and physical examination along with common laboratory techniques at the Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University during January 2015-December 2016. Physical parameters like heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature and dehydration status of animals were noted and corrected abnormality before surgery. Some cases had slightly higher haemoglobin （Hb）, packed cell volume （PCV） and uric acid and epithelial casts in urine. The study revealed that abnormal calcium-phosphorus ratio was predisposing the animals to urolithiasis. It was found that young ruminants （3-5 months） were most commonly affected in both species. All affected animals were male in this study, in which calves were not castrated but in goats 95.08% animals were castrated. Rupture of bladder was more common in calves as compared to goats. Postoperatively all cases were administered with broad-spectrum antibiotic, anti-inflammatory agent and caliculolytic agents like ammonium chloride. Tube cystostomy with Foley’s catheter was the most satisfactory technique for the management of obstructive urolithiasis in small ruminants. Postoperative complications were recorded only in four animals and remaining 80 animals had a normal recovery from tube cystostomy. Tube cystostomy is a simple, inexpensive and very effective procedure for the treatment of urolithiasis in ruminants.
文摘Patients suffering from zygomatic complex fractures always present facial deformity and dyslunctions, and thereafter develop psychological and physiological problems. It is really hard to get an ideal prog- nosis for the zygomatic complex fractures because of the complicated anatomical structures. Computer- assisted surgery techniques, as the new emerging auxiliary methods, can optimize the surgical protocol, predict operation outcomes, and improve the accuracy and quality of the operation. Meanwhile the postoperative complications can be reduced effectively. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of computer-assisted surgery techniques in the management of zygomatic complex fractures.
文摘Harms technique of CI-C2 fixation for atlantoaxial complex becomes more popular due to good fusion rate and low vertebral artery injury （VAI） rate. But considering the unique and variable anatomy of atlanto- axial complex, iatrogenic VAI will result in catastrophic con- sequences and provides particular surgical challenges for surgeons. To our knowledge, comparing with iatrogenic VAI in the screw hole, iatrogenic VAI in the ＂open space＂ is much rarer during the Harms technique of C1-C2 fixation. In this article, we present a case of iatrogenic vertebral artery pseudoaneurysm after Harms technique of posterior C1-C2 fixation. This case of iatrogenic VAI effectively treated by endovascular coil occlusion and external local compressionwas initially misdiagnosed as VAI by pedicle screw perforation. It can be concluded that intraoperative or post- operative computed angiography is very helpful to diag- nose the exact site of VAI and the combination of endovascular coil occlusion as well as external local com- pression can further prevent bleeding and abnormal verte- bral artery flow in the pseudoaneurysm. However, patients treated require further follow-up to confirm that there is no recurrence of the Dseudoaneurysm.
文摘With the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, more engineered nanomaterials(NMs) are being released into the environment. Such releases might lead to unwanted exposure. The dissolution of NMs at nano-bio interfaces is one of the most noteworthy causes of the toxicity of dissolvable NMs. A growing number of studies are focusing assessing NMs dissolution during exposure tests. This mini review considers recent developments in the quantitative tools for the assessment of NMs dissolution, and highlights the critical points in the evaluation of the toxicity of dissolvable NMs.
文摘This paper sums up the fundamental research projects on Vascular Surgery supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1996 to 2000, and presents the experimental results and advances in the aspects of ischemia disease, the formation mechanism and prevention of restenosis, the development of abdominal aorta aneurysm and portal hypertention.
