临床决策树法与积分模型法对结核性胸膜炎的诊断效能比较

目的探讨临床决策树法与积分模型法对结核性胸膜炎的诊断效能。方法采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法,以2019年1月1日—2019年6月30日武汉市肺科医院收治的胸腔积液患者为研究对象。符合入组标准的胸腔积液患者随机入组临床决策树法组和积分模型法组,分别采用两种综合诊断模型进行诊断,对比两组方法的诊断效能。结果临床决策树组共纳入127例患者,其中男性90例,女性37例,年龄18~88岁,平均(49.33±19.63)岁,最后诊断结核性胸膜炎108例,非结核性胸膜炎19例;积分模型组共纳入120例患者,其中男性89例,女性31例,年龄13~84岁,平均(46.41±20.01)岁,最后诊断结核性胸膜炎94例,非结核性胸膜炎26例。临床决策树法诊断结核性胸膜炎的敏感度57.4%,特异度78.9%,阳性预测值93.9%,阴性预测值24.6%,诊断准确率60.6%;积分模型法诊断结核性胸膜炎的敏感度75.5%,特异度96.2%,阳性预测值98.6%,阴性预测值52.1%,诊断准确率80.0%。结论积分模型法诊断结核性胸膜炎敏感度、特异度及诊断准确率均高于临床决策树法,方法简单,可推广应用于结核性胸膜炎的临床诊断。

Arrhenius parameters determination in non-isothermal conditions for mechanically activated Ag_2O-graphite mixture

The non-isothermal kinetics of mechanochemical reduction of Ag2O with graphite was studied by DSC and TGA with a model of fitting Malek approach and a model-free advanced isoconversional method of Vyazovkin. To evaluate the kinetics parameters, Ag2O–graphite mixture of as-received and milled for 2 and 4 h samples were selected. Based on the results obtained by Vyazovkin method calculation, however, the difference between the maximum and minimum values of activation energy is less than 20%-30%of the average activation energy （（99.38±2.36） kJ/mol） and thermal decomposition of mechanically activated Ag2O for 2 h is a multi-step process. Moreover, the thermal decomposition of mechanically activated Ag2O–graphite powder activated for 4 h is a single-step process （the average activation energy=（93.68±2.26） kJ/mol）. The kinetics modeling shows that the complexity of thermal decomposition of as-received Ag2O–graphite mixture is higher than that of the others. While, the autocatalytic tendency of as-received Ag2O–graphite mixture is lower than that of the others.

Estimating van Genuchten Model Parameters of Undisturbed Soils Using an Integral Method

The van Genuchten model is the most widely used soil water retention curve （SWRC） model. Two undisturbed soils （clay and loam） were used to evaluate the accuracy of the integral method to estimate van Genuchten model parameters and to determine SWRCs of undisturbed soils. SWRCs calculated by the integral method were compared with those measured by a high speed centrifuge technique. The accuracy of the calculated results was evaluated graphically, as well as by root mean square error （RMSE）, normalized root mean square error （NRMSE） and Willmott＇s index of agreement （1）. The results obtained from the integral method were quite similar to those by the centrifuge technique. The RMSEs （4.61 ×10^-5 for Eum-Orthic Anthrosol and 2.74 × 10^-4 for Los-Orthic Entisol） and NRMSEs （1.56 × 10^-4 for Eum- Orthic Anthrosol and 1.45 ×10^-3 for Los-Orthic Entisol） were relatively small. The 1 values were 0.973 and 0.943 for Eum-Orthic Anthrosol and Los-Orthic Entisol, respectively, indicating a good agreement between the integral method values and the centrifuge values. Therefore, the integral method could be used to estimate SWRCs of undisturbed clay and loam soils.

The Anomaly Detection in SMTP Traffic Based on Leaky Integrate-and-Fire Model

This paper investigated an effective and robust mechanism for detecting simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) traffic anomaly. The detection method cumulates the deviation of current delivering status from history behavior based on a weighted sum method called the leaky integrate-and-fire model to detect anomaly. The simplicity of the detection method is that the method need not store history profile and low computation overhead, which makes the detection method itself immunes to attacks. The performance is investigated in terms of detection probability, the false alarm ratio, and the detection delay. The results show that leaky integrate-and-fire method is quite effective at detecting constant intensity attacks and increasing intensity attacks. Compared with the non-parametric cumulative sum method, the evaluation results show that the proposed detection method has shorter detection latency and higher detection probability.

Maneuvering target tracking algorithm based on cubature Kalman filter with observation iterated update

Reasonable selection and optimization of a filter used in model estimation for a multiple model structure is the key to improve tracking accuracy of maneuvering target.Combining with the cubature Kalman filter with iterated observation update and the interacting multiple model method,a novel interacting multiple model algorithm based on the cubature Kalman filter with observation iterated update is proposed.Firstly,aiming to the structural features of cubature Kalman filter,the cubature Kalman filter with observation iterated update is constructed by the mechanism of iterated observation update.Secondly,the improved cubature Kalman filter is used as the model filter of interacting multiple model,and the stability and reliability of model identification and state estimation are effectively promoted by the optimization of model filtering step.In the simulations,compared with classic improved interacting multiple model algorithms,the theoretical analysis and experimental results show the feasibility and validity of the proposed algorithm.

SVM model for estimating the parameters of the probability-integral method of predicting mining subsidence

A new mathematical model to estimate the parameters of the probability-integral method for mining subsidence prediction is proposed.Based on least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM) theory, it is capable of improving the precision and reliability of mining subsidence prediction.Many of the geological and mining factors involved are related in a nonlinear way.The new model is based on statistical theory(SLT) and empirical risk minimization(ERM) principles.Typical data collected from observation stations were used for the learning and training samples.The calculated results from the LS-SVM model were compared with the prediction results of a back propagation neural network(BPNN) model.The results show that the parameters were more precisely predicted by the LS-SVM model than by the BPNN model.The LS-SVM model was faster in computation and had better generalized performance.It provides a highly effective method for calculating the predicting parameters of the probability-integral method.

High Precision Motion Control of Hybrid Five-Bar Mechanism with an Intelligent Control

Hybrid mecihanism is a new type of planar controllable mechanism. Position control acouracy of system determines the output aconracy of the mechanism. In order to achieve the desired high acowacy, nonlinear factors as friction nmst be accurately compensated in the real-time servo control algoritinn. In this paper, the model of a hybrid five-bar mechanism is introduced. In terms of the characteristics of the hybrid mechanism, a hybrid intelligent control algorithm based on proportional-integral-derivative （PID） control and cerebellar model articulation control techniques was presented and used to perform control of hybrid five-bar mechanism for the lust time. The sinmulation results show that the hybrid control method can improve the control effect remarkably, compared with the traditional PID control strategy.

Lie Symmetries of Ishimori Equation

The Ishimori equation is one of the most important(2+1)-dimensional integrable models,which is an integrable generalization of(1+1)-dimensional classical continuous Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin equations.Based on importance of Lie symmetries in analysis of differential equations,in this paper,we derive Lie symmetries for the Ishimori equation by Hirota's direct method.

Dual reciprocity boundary element based block model for discontinuous deformation analysis

This paper presents a further development of the dual reciprocity boundary element method(DRBEM) with stepwise updating to pave the way for the introduction of boundary element mesh into the discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA). The advantage of the proposed method lies in its adoption of static fundamental solutions and reduction in the size of the governing equations by transforming the inertial term domain integrals to boundary integrals in the dynamic large displacement analysis. The unconditionally stable Newmark-β time integration method involving numerical damping to enhance the numerical stability is implemented for the dynamic analysis. In order to be coupled with the DDA to improve the deformability of the DDA block domains, a stepwise updating algorithm of the system variables is introduced. The stress updating in the analysis involved in the calculation of a domain integral and internal cells are used for the integration of the initial stress term. Several examples are used to verify the geometry-updated DRBEM model and satisfactory results have been obtained.