肝门静脉积气征

肝门静脉积气征(HPVG)是门静脉肝内外段出现气体异常聚积的一种医学影像学征象。本文就HPVG的病因、流行病学、病理生理、诊断、临床评估及治疗等方面进行综述。

CT肠壁积气征在评估肠管血运活性上的意义

目的评估CT肠壁积气征对判断透壁性肠坏死或部分性肠缺血的意义。方法通过对38例临床有肠缺血表现和/或有肠缺血高危因素病例的CT征象分析,并与临床及手术病理结果对照,比较无活性肠管组与有活性肠管组之间CT征象的差异,重点对照分析CT肠壁积气征与手术、病理结果之间的关系。结果肠壁积气征、门脉积气征及腹腔游离气体征的发生率无活性肠管组明显高于有活性肠管组,两组间存在显著性差异。CT肠壁积气征,尤其合并有门静脉系统积气征象时,与肠壁全层透壁性坏死高度相关。单个"气泡"型肠壁积气征多为部分性肠缺血。结论在肠缺血病例中,CT肠壁气肿征并不一定提示肠壁已发生透壁性肠坏死。合并有门静脉积气及肠壁积气的病例较单纯肠壁积气的病例,发生透壁性肠坏死的可能性更大。

多排CT门静脉周围积气征在消化道穿孔中的定位诊断价值

目的:评估多排CT检查门静脉周围积气征(PPFA征)在消化道穿孔中的定位诊断价值。方法:经腹部CT图像和手术证实消化道穿孔76例中,上消化道54例,下消化道22例,当门静脉周围出现气体者,则为门静脉周围积气征阳性。观察阳性病例与消化道穿孔部位的相关性。结果:上消化道穿孔54例中,PPFA征52例(96.3%),下消化道穿孔22例中,PPFA征7例(31.8%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PPFA征、镰状韧带征、圆韧带征在上下消化道定位中敏感性分别为92.8%、85.7%、57.1%;特异性分别为65.0%、55.0%、75.0%;准确率分别为85.5%、77.6%、75%。结论:门静脉周围积气征在消化道穿孔定位诊断中有较大价值。

网膜囊积气征X线诊断(附7例分析)

目的 :本文报道网膜囊积气征 7例 ,并对其X线表现和价值作了探讨。方法 :透视、站立胸腹联合正位、左前斜位 (10°、4 5°)。结果 :网膜囊积气征X线表现为左膈下与胃底、脾之间一个倒置的三角形透亮区 ,左前斜位 (10°)显示最佳。结论 :网膜囊积气征是胃肠急性穿孔的一个最早X线征象。

选择性神经根阻滞术治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴脊柱积气征1例

脊柱积气征是一种自限性疾病,椎管内产生的气体会很快被吸收,不易引起神经症状。脊柱积气征导致腰部疼痛及下肢麻木、肢体肌力减退的病例比较罕见。该文介绍选择性神经根阻滞术治疗腰椎间盘突出症伴脊柱积气征1例,以期为临床脊柱积气征造成神经损伤的患者提供一种切实可行的治疗方法。

1例罕见肝内局限性积气征患者的MDT诊治经验与体会

目的总结罕见肝内局限性积气征病例的多学科协作(multidisciplinary team,MDT)诊治经验及体会,并探讨其与其他常见不同类型肝内积气征病例的临床鉴别。方法回顾性分析新疆维吾尔自治区职业病医院收治的1例罕见肝内局限性积气征病例的临床病理资料。结果 1例60岁女性患者,门诊以"腹痛待诊?感染性休克"收住入院。经MDT讨论,在早期纠正电解质紊乱和低蛋白血症及输注血小板抗休克治疗后,行B超引导下经皮经肝右叶病灶置管引流,引出脓性液10 m L,引出气体200 m L,留置引流管,第6天时拔除引流管。亚胺培南西司他丁钠注射液抗炎治疗5 d后降级为头孢唑肟(三代头孢)注射液继续抗炎治疗6 d并同时进行血糖控制。治疗后第7天时,右上腹胀痛缓解,无发热、呕吐等症状,饮食及大小便正常;体格检查正常;腹部CT示肝右叶局限性积气病灶基本吸收,肝右叶积气病灶引流管间断拔除(病灶愈合);实验室检查结果基本恢复正常或接近正常。治疗后第12天时出院,出院后1个月时随访患者无不适症状,腹部CT提示肝脏无异常病变。结论外科医生要充分认识各种不同类型的肝内积气征,以便快速明确病因并采取有效措施,以提高疾病治愈率及减少并发症的发生。

骶髂关节内积气的CT诊断价值

目的探讨骶髂关节内积气对骶髂关节病变的CT诊断价值。方法在我院CT室，因腰骶部疼痛等原因进行骶髂关节CT检查的病例中，筛选骶髂关节内积气病例28例，对其伴行的临床症状和骶髂关节的CT征象进行回顾性分析。结果28例骶髂关节积气病例中，均伴有不同程度的腰骶部或四肢疼痛不适等症状，伴随的骶髂关节病变0～Ⅲ级。结论CT能明确检出关节内积气，关节内积气是骶髂关节病变的早期征象之一。

肝门静脉积气1例报道

肝一门静脉积气征（hepaticportalvenousgas，HPVG）又称门静脉积气（PVG），临床极为罕见。我院收治1例，并将其临床资料及影像学表现报道如下。

CT扫描在显示胃肠穿孔中气体的价值

急性胃肠穿孔首选的检查方法是腹部平片，但对少量腹腔内气体常难以发现。搜集我院2003年1月至2007年12月经手术证实的10例胃肠穿孔患者，经腹立位平片未发现膈下积气征后行腹部CT检查进行回顾性分析，探讨CT扫描在显示胃肠穿孔中气体的价值。

胆管积气的x线征象分析

本文收集已知原因胆管积气征20例,通过病因与 x 线征象对照分析,发现胆管积气原因不同,x 线表现亦不同,有一定特征性。1.胆总管全气相征是各种原因所致的胆总管括约肌关闭不全的 x 线表现。2.部分胆总管气相征与胆管——肠管间沟通征是胆管——肠管间存在捷径的 x 线表现。如无其间的外科吻合手术史,可做为二者间存在内瘘的诊断依据。3.胆总管下段充盈征亦是二者间存在内瘘的 x 线表现。4.肝脓疡腔——胆管积气征是肝胆系统急性产气菌感染的 x 线表现。

人工呼吸致肺肝积气分析1例

1案例资料 1．1简要案情 某136时许，某足月孕妇因腹痛到诊所，查胎心音不清，辅助接生，胎头娩出后胎肩嵌顿，经手拉胎头，10时30分许，胎体与胎盘一并娩出，胎儿无心跳、皮肤紫绀，予口对口人工呼吸等抢救无效死亡。

Doped-Chamber Deposition of Intrinsic Microcrystalline Silicon Thin Films and Its Application in Solar Cells

A series of microcrystalline silicon thin films were fabricated by very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition （VHF-PECVD） at different silane concentrations in a P chamber. Through analysis of the structural and electrical properties of these materials,we conclude that the photosensitivity slightly decreased then increased as the silane concentration increased,while the crystalline volume fraction indicates the opposite change. Results of XRD indicate that thin films have a （220） preferable orientation under certain conditions. Microcrystalline silicon solar cells with conversion efficiency 4. 7% and micromorph tandem solar cells 8.5% were fabricated by VHF-PECVD （p layer and i layer of microcrystalline silicon solar cells were deposited in P chamber）, respectively.

Characterization of SiC nanowires prepared on C/C composite without catalyst by CVD

SiC nanowires were prepared on C/C composite surface without catalyst by chemical vapor deposition（CVD） using CH3 SiCl3 as precursor.SEM images of the CVD-product reveal that some long nanowires have grown to tens of micrometers with some gathered as a ball.Some short nanowires agglomerate like chestnut shell with many thorns accompanied by some deposited nano-particles.XRD,Raman-spectrum and FTIR patterns indicate that the product is a typical β-SiC.TEM images show that the nanowires have a wide diameter range from 10 to 100 nm,and some thin nanowires are bonded to the thick one by amorphous CVD-SiC.A SiC branch generates from an amorphous section of a thick one with an angle of 70° between them,which is consistent with the [111] axis stacking angle of the crystal.SAED and fast Fourier transform（FFT） patterns reveal that the nanowires can grow along with different axes,and the bamboo-nodes section is full of stacking faults and twin crystal.The twisted SiC lattice planes reveal that the screw dislocation growth is the main mechanism for the CVD-SiC nanowires.

A novel quantificational assessment method of frothers effect on bubble characteristics

A new visual method for quantitative measurement of frothers effect and flotation efficiency was presented. A self-designed electrolytic cell was chosen as the reaction environment with sodium chloride (NaCl) as the electrolyte. Constant current, supplied by a self-designed power supplier and fixed cathode and anode equipment, guaranteed the constant bubble volume per unit time. Even aperture of the cathode material guaranteed the original bubbles size to be uniform. Bubble generating equipment was connected with a microscopical camera. Statistic data collected by high speed charge-coupled device (CCD) and processed by software Sigmascan and Matlab could reflect bubble characteristics. The efficiency of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPM) and tripropylene glycol n-butyl ethel (TPnB) were measured at the same condition, and 2×10-4 mol/L and 5×10-2 mol/L were found to be the inflexions of bubble size changes.

Sediment Movement in Periodic Alternating Current

The present paper summarizes the results of previous studies, including the structure and principle of the rotary ring flume for researching the fine sediment movement, the mechanism of the flume, method of eliminating the influence of the centrifugal force and sediment movement experiments with periodic alternating current. Also included are the experiment-based relationship among sediment concentration, bed shear stress and silt carrying capacity, a proposed erosion-deposition function and bed erosion-deposition calculation together with the results of verification.

Depositional features and sedimentary model of Buqu Stage in Mid-Jurassic in Qangtang Basin, Xizang (Tibet), China

The largest Mesozoic northward transgression in Qangtang Basin of Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau occurred during the Buqu Stage, Middle Jurassic. Mainly filled with carbonate rocks, the whole basin is composed of transgression-regression sedimentary cycle. Field outcrops and indoor analysis revealed 8 types of sedimentary facies markers in this region. 4 types of sedimentary facies have been recognized: platform facies, platform marginal facies, foreslope facies and basin facies. Influenced by the northern Lazhuglung-Jinshajiang suture zone, central uplift region and southern Bangongco-Nujiang suture zone, these facies belts extended east-west. The sedimentary model was established based on observed depositional features. From their biological features and sedimentary characteristics, it is suggested that the paleoclimate was warm and humid at that time. The Buqu Formation is a promising target for oil and gas exploration in Shuanghu-Duoyong area in future.

Impact of Wetland Change on Local Climate in Semi-arid Zone of Northeast China

Wetlands are sensitive to climate change, in the same time, wetlands can influence climate. This study analyzed the spa- rio-temporal characteristics of wetland change in the semi-arid zone of Northeast China from 1985 to 2010, and investigated the impact of large area of wetland change on local climate. Results showed that the total area of wetlands was on a rise in the study area. Although natural wetlands （marshes, riparians and lakes） decreased, constructed wetlands （rice fields） increased significantly, and the highest in- crease rate in many places exceeded 30%. Anthropogenic activities are major driving factors for wetland change. Wetland change pro- duced an impact on local climate, mainly on maximum temperature and precipitation during the period of May-September. The increase （or decrease） of wetland area could reduce （or increase） the increment of maximum temperature and the decrement of precipitation. The changes in both maximum temperature and precipitation corresponded with wetland change in spatial distribution. Wetland change played a more important role in moderating local climate compared to the contribution of woodland and grassland changes in the study area. Cold-humid effect of wetlands was main way to moderating local climate as well as alleviating climatic wanning and drying in the study area, and heterogeneity of underlying surface broadened the cold-humid effect of wetlands.