双靶点软通道微创对高血压丘脑出血患者血肿清除率、脑积水缓解率及术后GOS评分的影响

目的探讨双靶点软通道微创对高血压丘脑出血患者血肿清除率、脑积水缓解率及术后GOS评分的影响。方法选2015年1月到2016年12月收治的的高血压丘脑出血患者共40例,利用随机数表的方法将患者随机分为A、B两组,每组各20例。A组患者采用常规侧脑室穿刺及体外引流术,B组采用立体定向微创器械进行双靶点软通道微创穿刺引流对患者进行治疗。通过分析两种治疗方法对患者血肿清除率、脑积水缓解率、手术恢复时间和术后GOS评分的影响,从而判断双靶点软通道微创的临床治疗效果。结果 A组患者拔掉插管前丘脑血肿清除率为(76.4±2.1)%,脑积水缓解率为(81.3±3.2)%;B组患者丘脑血肿清除率为(91.3±1.6)%,脑积水缓解率为(95.4±1.9)%,B组均明显高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组患者手术恢复时间为23~41天,平均为30.4±4.3天,B组患者恢复手术时间为10~24天,平均为15.3±2.7天,B组手术恢复时间明显短于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组患者术后3个月GOS评分为3.9±1.1分,B组患者GOS评分为4.35±0.9分,B组GOS评分明显高于A组,差异具统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用双靶点软通道微创治疗高血压丘脑出血可以有效地提高患者的血肿清除率和脑积水缓解率,缩短手术恢复时间,改善患者预后,值得在临床进行推广。

改良立体定向软通道微创脑内血肿清除术对高血压脑出血患者术后血肿清除率、神经功能及GQOLI-74评分的影响

目的探究高血压脑出血患者采用改良立体定向软通道微创脑内血肿清除术的治疗效果。方法选取我院2018年2月至2021年2月102例高血压脑出血患者,随机数字表法分为观察组(n=51,改良立体定向软通道微创脑内血肿清除术)和对照组(n=51,小骨窗开颅血肿清除术),比较两组疗效、术后血肿清除率、脑积水缓解率、手术前后神经功能(NIHSS)评分、生活质量(GQOLI-74)评分、预后(GOS)分级。结果术后3个月,观察组总有效率92.16%,高于对照组78.00%(P<0.05);观察组血肿清除率、脑积水缓解率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组NIHSS较对照组低,GQOLI-74较对照组高(P<0.05);观察组GOS预后分级优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论改良立体定向软通道微创脑内血肿清除术可显著提高高血压脑出血术后血肿清除率及脑积水缓解率,改善神经功能及预后,提高生活质量,疗效确切。

水对树脂锚杆锚固性能影响研究

为了分析在围岩含水量比较大的巷道进行锚杆支护时,树脂锚杆锚固力降低的现象,采用实验室试验与理论分析相结合的方法研究了水对树脂锚杆锚固性能的影响。试验结果表明:顶板钻孔淋水和巷帮钻孔积水对树脂锚杆锚固性能影响较大。树脂锚杆锚固力随着模拟顶板钻孔淋水量的增加、巷帮钻孔积水率的增大呈现明显递减规律;当模拟钻孔淋水量超过600mL/min时,锚杆锚固力为无淋水时最大锚固力的10%;当模拟钻孔积水率大于49%时,锚杆锚固力为无积水时最大锚固力的30%,锚固力下降非常明显。在上述研究基础上,分析了水对煤岩体力学特性和树脂锚固剂固化反应过程的影响,提出通过提高树脂锚固剂防水性能、加大锚固长度等方法来保证围岩含水量比较大的巷道中锚杆支护效果。

高血压性脑出血破入脑室开颅术后早期行腰穿术的体会

目的：比较术后早期行腰穿术及未行腰穿术对治疗高血压脑出血破入脑室系统开颅术后的疗效分析。方法：选定我院本科自2010年～2014年行开颅手术治疗的48例高血压脑出血破入脑室系统患者的完整资料，严格遵循病例纳入标准，分为2组，即（腰穿组）及（未腰穿组）各24例病人，对患者术后的意识障碍恢复情况，出现颅内感染及继发性脑积水例数三方面情况进行分析总结。结果：高血压性脑出血破入脑室开颅术后早期行腰穿术，可缩短患者的意识障碍恢复的时间，减少患者颅内感染几率及继发性脑积水几率，其进行均衡性检验具有可比性，具有统计学差异（P＜0．05）。结论：高血压性脑出血破入脑室开颅术后早期行腰穿术，可有效的促进患者的意识恢复，减少患者的颅内感染及继发性脑积水几率，明显改善患者的预后，并缩短病程。

Inversion and Prediction of Consolidation Settlement Characteristics of the Fluvial Sediments Based on Void Ratio Variation in the Northern Modern Yellow River Subaqueous Delta, China

The modern Yellow River delta is formed near the estuary of the Yellow River with the characteristics of short formation time, efficient sedimentation rate and loose structure which make sediments prone to be compacted and consolidate under the geostatic stress and overburden stress. It is one of the key areas with land subsidence disasters in China, bringing a series of safety hazards to production and living. Based on the data of massive surface cores and ten drill holes ranging from 12 to 40 m obtained from the northern modern Yellow River subaqueous delta, the inversion method suitable for the calculation of consolidation settlement characteristics of the modern Yellow River subaqueous delta is discussed, and the consolidation settlement characteristics of the delta sediments are inversed and predicted in this paper. The actual void ratio of the delta sediments at the depth from 3 to 15 m shows a significant power function relationship with the depth, while the void ratio of the sediments below 15 m changes little with depth. The pre-consolidation settlement(from deposition to sampling) of the delta sediments is between 0.91 and 1.96 m, while the consolidation settlement of unit depth is between 9.6 and 14.0 cm m^(-1). The post-consolidation settlement(from sampling to stable) of the subaqueous delta sediments is between 0.65 and 1.56 m in the later stage, and the consolidation settlement of unit depth is between 7.6 and 13.1 cm m^(-1) under the overburden stress. The delta sediments with a buried depth of 3 to 7 m contribute the most to the possible consolidation settlement in the later stage.

QUANTITATIVE MODELING OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT IN MIDDLE CHANGJIANG RIVER FROM MODIS

Remote sensing techniques have been widely used to observe bodies of water. Among satellite sensors commonly used for water quality studies, the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has potential in water quality monitoring, because of its moderate spatial resolution and high temporal resolution. In this paper, the utility of MODIS data for suspended sediment monitoring in the middle Changjiang (Yangtze) River is studied. It is concluded that suspended sediment concentration correlates well with reflectance values (R1-R2)/(R1+R2) retrieved from MODIS 250m image data (R2=0.72, n=41). Based on this correlation, we obtain the empirical model of suspended sediment concentration in the middle Changjiang River from MODIS. It is shown that it is useful for MODIS data to monitor this parameter of water quality.

Study on the Marine Sedimentary Environment Evolution of the Southern Laizhou Bay Under the Impact of Port Projects

The southern Laizhou Bay is mainly composed of silt-sandy coasts with diverse landforms, and its marine hydrodynamic environment is sensitive to human activities. Marine hydrodynamic and sedimentary environments of the study area have changed under the influence of large-scale port projects in recent years. In this paper, the evolution of hydrodynamic environment, deposition rate, and geochemical characteristics were studied based on sediment grain size, element analysis and ^(210)Pb dating of two cores, in order to analyze the influence of Weifang Port on marine environmental evolution, and provide theoretical and practical basis for protecting marine environment in developing marine resources reasonably. Results showed that sediments of the two cores were relatively coarser and mainly composed of silty sand. Sediments above 230 cm in core WF1 and 218 cm in core WF2 were deposited since 1855 when the Yellow River appeared to deposit its sediments within the modern active delta, and the average deposition rate was between 0.3 and 0.5 cm a^(-1). Implement of Weifang Port projects in 1997 and 2007 created great influence on the sedimentary environment evolution in the surrounding waters, and the deposition rate was significantly increased. The average annual deposition rates were 5.1 cm and 3.5 cm in WF1 and WF2 respectively between 1997 and 2007. Content of heavy metals in sediments showed no obvious change in the vertical, indicating that the heavy metals were less affected by human activity and there was no significant accumulation of such metals in the study area.

Large-Scale Desiccation of the Aral Sea due to Over-Exploitation after 1960

The Aral Sea was one of the largest lakes in the world before it started to shrink in the 1960s due to water withdrawal for agricultural irrigation. Precipitation decreased from 9.4 kmin 1960 to 3.2 km3 in 2009, and annual river inflow into the Aral Sea decreased from 31.5 km3 in 1998 to 5.2 km3 in 2009. Comparison on the hydrological data of the Aral Sea between 1960 and 2009 showed the evaporation, water surface area, and water volume decreased by 90%, 80%, and 88%, respectively. This study employs the observed values of water volume, precipitation, runoff, evaporation, and salinity to estimate water volume and salinity from 1960 to 2009, and the efficiency coefficients for predicted water volume and salinity are o.975 and 0.974, respectively. Regression equations calculated from the observed data are used to predict precipitation, runoff, evaporation, and salinity from 20lO to 2021, and the results are then applied in the estimation of water volume and salinity Our estimates suggest that salinity will increase to around 200 g/L and water volume will decrease to around 83 km3 in 2021.

Ecological effects of co-culturing sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) with scallop Chlamys farreri in earthen ponds

Monthly changes in sedimentation and sediment properties were studied for three different culture treatments： sea cucumber monoculture （Mc）, sea cucumber and scallop polyculture （Ps-c） and scallop monoculture （Ms）. Results indicated that the survival rate of sea cucumber was significantly higher in Ps-c cultures than in Mc cultures. Sea cucumber yield was 69.6% higher in Ps-c culture than in Mc culture. No significant differences in body weight and scallop shell length were found between Ps-c and Ms cultures. The mean sedimentation rate of total particulate matter （TPM） was 72.2 g/（m^2.d） in Ps-c cultures, with a maximum of 119.7 g/（mE.d）, which was markedly higher than that of Mc （mean value）. Sedimentation rates of organic matter （OM）, total organic carbon （TOC）, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） in Ps-c cultures were also significantly higher than those in Mc cultures. TOC and TN contents of sediment increased rapidly in the first 5 months in Ms cultures and remained at a high level. TOC and TN contents in Mc and Ps-c cultures decreased during sea cucumber feeding seasons and increased during sea cucumber dormancy periods （summer and winter）. The study demonstrates that co-culture of sea cucumber and scallop in earthen ponds is an alternative way to alleviate nutrient loads and improve water quality in coastal aquaculture systems. Moreover, it provides the additional benefit of an increased sea cucumber yield.

High resolution records of flood deposition in the mud area off the Changjiang River mouth during the past century

This paper presents a paleoflood study to determine the flood frequency of the Changjiang River, based on core cj0702, taken from the Changjiang River subaqueous delta. We identified flood deposits by means of high-resolution grain-size variation, sensitive population, geochemical indexes and magnetic susceptibility. The core covers a time span of 120 years by 21~pb dating and was sampled at 1-2 cm intervals. Grain size, geochemical elements, and physical parameters were analyzed. The results indicate that the sediment of the core is mainly composed of silt and clay, as well as groups of interbedded silt, clay silt, and clay. Vertically, the grain size pattern was controlled by seasonal variations in water discharge and by the sediment input in winter from the abandoned Huanghe River delta. River flooding caused extreme values in all our measured parameters. We identified more than 20 flood events that occurred since 1887 using the physical parameter analysis method. The environmentally sensitive component of sediment grain size （14.32-96.39 gm） contribution〉30%, Zr/Rb ratio〉l.5, and magnetic susceptibility〉16 were selected as the criteria for flood identification generally. We also found that floods that had taken place in the upstream, midstream, or downstream parts of the river were clearly identified by these indexes while the large-scale floods that covered the whole drainage area did not leave clear indications in the sediment record. This study for identification of flood events is of great significance for understanding hyperpycnal current sedimentation as well as for forecasting of floods.

Grain Size Distribution of Soils within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: An Indicator of Basic Mechanical Properties for Slope Stability Evaluation

This paper presents results of a study on the mechanical properties of sandy and gravely soils within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. The soils were divided into groups according to their origin(glacial, fluvial, or debris flow). The grain size distribution of forty three soil samples was used to classify the soils according to the scheme of the Unified Soil Classification System(USCS). These distributions have then been used to estimate shear strength and hydraulic properties of the soils. There are clear differences between the soils which reflect their divergent origins. The glacial soils normally fit within one of two distinctive groups according to the proportion of fines(Group A, 7%-21.5%; Group B, 21%-65%). The estimation of shear strength at constant volume friction angle and peak shear strength of the glacial sediments with low content of fines was made using published data relating to the measured shear strength characteristics of soils with similar origins and grain size distributions. The estimated values were supported by measurements of the angle of repose taken from fourteen samples from two moraines and by shear tests on samples from one locality. The results of the grain size distribution werealso used to estimate the average hydraulic conductivity using the empirical Hazen formula which results were verified by field infiltration tests at two localities.

Growth Responses of Wheat Cultivars to Rock Phosphate in Hydroponics

Screening cultivars to grow under conditions of low phosphorus (P) availability and utilize P efficiently from compounds of low solubility in soils may be beneficial to overcome poor plant growth in P-deficient soils. The growth behavior and P utilization efficiency of seven wheat cultivars grown in hydroponics were studied, using rock phosphate as P source. The wheat cultivars grown for 30 days were significantly different in biomass accumulation, P uptake and P utilization efficiency. The dry matter production of all the cultivars was significantly correlated with P uptake, which in turn correlated to the drop in the root medium pH. The ranking of wheat cultivars on the basis of dry matter yield, P uptake and P utilization efficiency was Zamindar 80 > Yecora > C 271 > WL 711 > Barani 83 > PARI 73 > Rohtas. The cultivar Zamindar 80 appeared to possess the best growth potential in P-deficient soils.

Coral Reef Recovery Status in South Andaman Islands after the Bleaching Event 2010

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are one of the Union Territories of India, located in the eastern part of the Bay of Bengal. In 2010 summer, the increment in sea surface water temperature （up to 34℃） resulted in the bleaching of about 74% to 77% of corals in the South Andaman. During this event, coral species such as Acropora cerealis, A. humilis, Montipora sp., Favia paIlida, Diploastrea sp., Goniopora sp. Fungia concinna, Gardineroseries sp., Porites sp., Favites abdita and Lobophyllia robusta were severely affected. This study is to assess the recovery status of the reef ecosystem by estimating the percentage of Live Coral cover, Bleached coral cover, Dead coral with algae, Rubble, Sandy fiat, Algal assemblage and other associated organisms, The sedimentation rate （mg cm^-2 d^-1） and coral coverage （%） were assessed during this study period. The average sedimentation rate was ranged between 0.27 and 0.89 mg cm^-2 d^1. The observed post bleaching recovery of coral cover was 21.1% at Port Blair Bay and 13.29% at Havelock Island. The mortality rate of coral cover due to this bleaching was estimated as 2.05% at Port Blair Bay and 9.82% at Havelock Island. Once the sea water temperature resumed back to the normal condition, most of the corals were found recovered.

Optimizing the Interpretation of Sub-surface Resistivity in Relation with Borehole Productivity in Basement Area Applied to Seno Province （Burkina Faso）

This study aims at identifying possible correlations between shapes, types of geophysical anomalies and borehole productivity according to geological and hydrogeotogical contexts. The methodology adopted was a two-pronged one--the first step sought to： （1） interpret the electrical resistivity values from horizontal profiling and vertical electrical sounding implemented in Seno province that preceded the drilling of 513 boreholes; （ii） interpret data from pumping tests carried out on boreholes having a discharge superior to 1 m3/h （＂positive borehole＂） by using Cooper-Jacob＇s method. In the second step, according to geology, authors tried to identify possible correlations between each of the qualitative geophysical parameters： ~shape of anomaly〉〉, tttype of anomaly〉〉 and ~〈type curve〉〉 on the one hand, and hydrogeological parameters such as discharge, alteration thickness, transmissivity and saturated level on the other. The results of this study have shown that the chances of having a positive borehole in Seno province are higher when the type of anomaly is TCC （80%）, shape of anomaly is ＂W＂ and when type curve is ＂H＂ （80%） for all geological formations. Granitic formations are those that record higher discharges while schists record high transmissivity values.

5%吡丙醚·倍硫磷颗粒剂对居民小区雨水井幼蚊控制效果研究

目的研究蚊虫密度高峰期居民小区雨水井积水、幼蚊孳生情况及5%吡丙醚·倍硫磷颗粒剂控制效果,为居民小区雨水井幼蚊控制提供依据。方法 2019年8-9月选择上海市青浦区1处居民小区,小区南部的64个和北部的58个雨水井分别作为实验组和对照组。实验组投入5%吡丙醚·倍硫磷颗粒剂,分别于投药前、投药后1、3、7、14、21和28 d,共计7次调查雨水井积水情况及其幼蚊孳生情况。结果该居民小区122个雨水井连续7次调查,积水次数7次的雨水井共有35个,占28.69%,积水次数1~6次的有12个,占9.83%,7次均无积水的有75个,占61.48%;雨水井积水率维持在30.33%~36.89%(χ^(2)=1.176,P=0.278),积水率与调查前3 d降水量无相关性(r=0.558,P=0.193)。实验组在药物控制后第1天,雨水井幼蚊孳生阳性率下降至16.67%,与控制前62.50%相比,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.689,P=0.027);同期对照组的幼蚊孳生阳性率维持在41.18%~55.56%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.252,P=0.769)。在药物控制后,实验组雨水井14 d后幼蚊阳性率为0;21和28 d后分别为23.81%和38.46%,与对照组差别均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 8-9月该居民小区雨水井积水情况相对稳定,5%吡丙醚·倍硫磷颗粒剂雨水井蚊虫控制时间约为2周,可对长期积水雨水井定期投药,科学防控雨水井幼蚊孳生。

Gas hydrate formation in fine sand

Gas hydrate formation from two types of dissolved gas (methane and mixed gas) was studied under varying thermodynamic conditions in a novel apparatus containing two different natural media from the South China Sea. The testing media consisted of silica sand particles with diameters of 150-250 μm and 250-380 μm. Hydrate was formed (as in nature) in salt water that occupies the interstitial space of the partially water-saturated silica sand bed. The experiments demonstrate that the rate of hydrate formation is a function of particle diameter, gas source, water salinity, and thermodynamic conditions. The initiation time of hydrate formation was very short and pressure decreased rapidly in the initial stage. The process of mixed gas hydrate formation can be divided into three stages for each type of sediment. Sand particle diameter and water salinity also can influence the formation process of hydrate. The conversion rate of water to hydrate was different under varying thermodynamic conditions, although the formation processes were similar. The conversion rate of methane hydrate in the 250-380 μm sediment was greater than that in the 150-250μm sediment. However, the sediment grain size has no significant influence on the conversion rate of mixed gas hydrate.

Music stimuli lead to increased levels of nitrite in unstimulated mixed saliva

Concentration of salivary nitrate is approximately 10-fold to that of serum. Many circumstances such as acute stress could promote salivary nitrate secretion and nitrite formation. However, whether other conditions can also be used as regulators of salivary nitrate/nitrite has not yet been explored. The present study was designed to determine the influence of exposure to different music on the salivary flow rate and nitrate secretion and nitrite formation. Twenty-four undergraduate students(12 females and 12 males) were exposed to silence, rock music, classical music or white noise respectively on four consecutive mornings. The unstimulated salivary flow rate and stimulated salivary flow rate were measured. Salivary ionic(Na+, Ca2+Cl-,and PO3-4) content and nitrate/nitrite levels were detected. The unstimulated salivary flow rate was significantly increased after classical music exposure compared to that after silence. Salivary nitrite levels were significantly higher upon classical music and white noise stimulation than those under silence in females. However, males were more sensitive only to white noise with regard to the nitrite increase. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that classical music stimulation promotes salivary nitrite formation and an increase in saliva volume was observed. These observations may play an important role in regulating oral function.

Deposition rate and interaction of human-riverine from height increase and permanent function of an 1180 years weir in Southeast China

This paper is to present an efficient approach to enriching the quantification model of human-riverine interactions and its anthropogenic impact by a retrospective study on one of the four most famous historical hydraulic projects in China,the Tuoshan Weir.It was constructed in 833 AD and had trajectories of natural resilience and hydraulic engineering maturity more than thousand years.Extensive historical data and maturation procedure of the hydraulic system were used judiciously to examine the spatial patterns of the long-term water conservancy system with agriculture,urbanization and civilization of Ningbo City in Zhejiang Province,Southeast China.Interaction framework is assessed from historical perspective and the deposition rate(DR)is calculated by analyzing the continuous increase of the Tuoshan Weir height.The results show that the declining DR during the 1180 years guaranteed the beneficial role the Tuoshan Weir played in spite of some negative river responses caused by the increase of sediment deposition and decrease of fresh water-retention capacity.The following up revamped workings and well matured hydraulic system around the Tuoshan Weir also contribute a lot to the designed mission of the weir.We conclude that hydraulic system maturation is very important for the proper function and life span of huge hydraulic projects.

Experimental simulation of gas hydrate decomposition in porous sediment

Gas hydrate decomposition in sediments involves complicated multiphase flow and heat and mass transfer processes because of heat absorption by solid hydrates. Factors affecting gas hydrate decomposition in sediments include sediment type, mineral composition, pore size distribution, particle size, pore water composition, hydrate saturation distribution, initial formation pressure and temperature and cement characteristics. In this paper, experimental simulations of gas hydrate decomposition are carried out on an artificial core to investigate the effects of initial pressure and temperature, particle size and pore size. The experiments show that the characteristics of gas hydrate decomposition in sediments differ completely from those in a pure water system. The decomposition rate of hydrate sediments increases with the initial pressure increasing and decreasing temperatures. Furthermore, the decomposition rate of hydrate sediments decreases with decreasing particle size and increasing pore size.