岩层与地表移动变形量的时空关系及描述方法

矿山开采沉陷是指地下开采引起的岩层与地表移动现象和过程,移动变形的描述方法是开采沉陷研究的基础。本文较为全面地阐述了岩层与地表移动变形量的时空关系,指出开采沉陷的岩层、地表、松散层等3个主体,9个移动变形量。按照移动盆地、主断面、任意点3种描述模式,给出了各移动变形量之间的数学关系;论述地表动态移动变形与开采影响的传播过程的时空关系,提出了开采推进时间、影响传播时间双变量的动态移动变形描述方法;给出了直线型、折线型、网状观测站地表移动变形的关系式。可为开采沉陷观测分析、预计模型研究提供数学依据。

建筑物下倾斜煤层群工作面安全开采研究

为研究建筑物下倾斜煤层群工作面安全开采,保证在地表建筑物安全、正常使用前提下最大限度开采煤炭资源,以某矿-950水平多煤层工作面开采为工程背景,采用理论计算、实验室试验等方法对建筑物下条带式开采引起的地表变形和煤柱稳定性问题进行分析研究。

MINING INDUCED INFLUENCE ON THE ROADWAYS IN WEAK SURROUNDING ROCK AND ITS CONTROLLING MEASURES

The application of destressing method can change the distribution patterns of the stress field in the weak rock surrounding openings. locate the openings in the zone of low stress level, thus improve their loading and maintaining conditions. Such method is considered as a new way of opening maintenance in weak rock and has caused extensive interests in mining industry both at home and abroad. The results of theoretic research and lab experiments of utilizing top-destressing trough to maintain the opening affected by mining activities in weak rock, as well as its practical application in a coal mine are introduced in this paper. The research results indicate that the deformation and floor heaving of the opening in weak rock can be effectively controlled, and long-term stability of the opening can be realized by applying destressing method as long as the destressing plan and concerned parameters are carefully determined.