井工转露天开采边坡岩体滑移机制的试验研究

井工转露天是一个新的论题,因开采时序的改变,导致边坡体的滑移机制产生了质的变化。应用底面摩擦模型试验和数值模拟方法,针对新的开采时序关系进行了模拟研究,揭示了露天矿延深开采扰动作用下井采区上覆岩体的平衡体系失稳与再活化过程及其演变规律;针对两种开采模式影响域的部分或整体的相互叠加作用特点,分析了自重应力与附加应力的叠加作用属性及开采时序变化对边坡体变形的影响规律,揭示了地下采区对边坡稳定性影响的分区性特点及其影响机制。

Cell adhesion molecules regulate contractile ring-indepen- dent cytokinesis in Dictyostelium discoideum

To investigate the roles of substrate adhesion in cytokinesis, we established cell lines lacking paxillin （PAXB） or vineulin （VINA）, and those expressing the respective GFP fusion proteins in Dictyostelium discoideum. As in mammalian cells, GFP-PAXB and GFP-VINA formed focal adhesion-like complexes on the cell bottom, paxB^- cells in suspension grew normally, but on substrates, often failed to divide after regression of the furrow. The efficient cytokinesis of paxB^- cells in suspension is not because of shear forces to assist abscission, as they divided normally in static suspension culture as well. Double knockout strains lacking mhcA, which codes for myosin II, and paxB or vinA displayed more severe cytokinetic defects than each single knockout strain. In mitotic wild-type cells, GFP-PAXB was diffusely distributed on the basal membrane, hut was strikingly condensed along the polar edges in mitotic mhcA^- cells. These results are consistent with our idea that Dictyostelium displays two forms of cytokinesis, one that is contractile ringdependent and adhesion-independent, and the other that is contractile ring-independent and adhesion-dependent, and that the latter requires PAXB and VINA. Furthermore, thatpaxB- cells fail to divide normally in the presence of substrate adhesion suggests that this adhesion molecule may play additional signaling roles.

Crystal plasticity based modeling of grain boundary sliding in magnesium alloy AZ31B sheet

The aim of present work is to develop a crystal plasticity modeling approach to integrate slip,dynamic recrystallization(DRX)and grain boundary sliding(GBS)for simulating the deformation behavior and texture evolution of magnesium alloys at high temperatures.Firstly,the deformation mechanisms of an AZ31B Mg alloy sheet at 300°C were investigated by examining texture and microstructure evolution during uniaxial tension and compression tests.DRX refines microstructure at strains less than 0.2,and subsequently GBS plays a significant role during deformation process.A GBS model is developed to evaluate strain and grain rotation induced by GBS,and implemented into the polycrystal plasticity framework VPSC.The VPSC-DRX-GBS model can well reproduce the stress−strain curves,grain size,texture evolution and significant texture differences in tension and compression tests due to GBS.The calculated GBS contribution ratio in tension is obviously higher than that in compression due to easier cavity nucleation at grain boundaries under tension loading.

Cluster Based Secure Dynamic Keying Technique for Heterogeneous Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

In Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks, the mobility of the sensor nodes becomes essential in various applications. During node mobility, there are possibilities for the malicious node to become the cluster head or cluster member. This causes the cluster or the whole network to be controlled by the malicious nodes. To offer high level of security, the mobile sensor nodes need to be authenticated. Further, clustering of nodes improves scalability, energy efficient routing and data delivery. In this paper, we propose a cluster based secure dynamic keying technique to authenticate the nodes during mobility. The nodes with high configuration are chosen as cluster heads based on the weight value which is estimated using parameters such as the node degree, average distance, node's average speed, and virtual battery power. The keys are dynamically generated and used for providing security. Even the keys are compromised by the attackers, they are not able to use the previous keys to cheat or disuse the authenticated nodes. In addition, a bidirectional malicious node detection technique is employed which eliminates the malicious node from the network. By simulation, it is proved that the proposed technique provides efficient security with reduced energy consumption during node mobility.

Analysis of nonlinear dynamic character in the surrounding rock system for deep buried underground engineering

Combining the field monitoring results of a deep-buried tunnel in Chongqing,the dynamic characteristics of the surrounding rock system under high in situ stress wasanalyzed by phase space reconstruction, calculating correlation dimension, Kolmogoroventropy and largest Lyapunov exponents.Both the Kolmogorov entropy and largestLyapunov exponents show that the surrounding rock system is a chaotic one.Based onthis, a local model was applied to predict surrounding rock displacement, and a nonlineardynamic model was derived to forecast the interaction of the surrounding rock and supportstructure.The local method was found to have an extremely small total error.Also, thenonlinear dynamic model forecasting curves agree with the monitoring ones very well.It isproved that the nonlinear dynamic characteristic study is very important in analyzing rockstability and predicting the evolution of rock systems.

Effects of root oxidation ability and P on As mobility and bioavailability in rice

The effects of root oxidization ability and P fertilization on As mobility in soils, and subsequently As uptake, translocation and speciation in rice plants were investigated. Results show that root oxidation significantly influences As mobility in rhizoshphere.Genotype TD71 with higher radial oxygen loss(ROL) induces more Fe plaque formation and sequesters more As and P in iron plaque and rhizoshphere soil, leading to the reduction of As accumulation in rice plants. Additionally, P addition mobilizes As in soil solution, and increases As accumulation in rice plants. Arsenic speciation results show that the majority of As species in husks detected is inorganic As, accounting for 82%-93% of the total As, while in grains the majority of As is inorganic As and dimethyl arsenic(DMA), with DMA accounting for 33%-64% of the total As. The fraction of inorganic As decreases while fraction of DMA increases, with increasing As and P concentrations. The study further elucidates the mechanisms involved in effects of ROL on As tolerance and accumulation in rice.

Electric Parameter Measurement System Based on Virtual Instrument

In this paper, virtual instnnnent technology is applied in the development of an electric parameter measta＇ement system for mobile power stations. Virtual inset technology is used to lmasure and analyze electric parameters of mobile power stations. The whole measurement system is mmpmed of computer, data acquisition card and LabView virtual instnnnent platform. It can be used to monitor, record, and analyze electric parameters of sinusoidal alternating ciroait These parameters include voltage, effective value of ctaxent, phase differences, power, and etc. Experimental results show that this virtual measuring device satisfy the requirement of mobile power station montoring anti dynamic property analysis. Hardware and software design of the system will be discussed in detail.

A Novel Vertical Handoff Algorithm with Dynamic Weights in Wireless Heterogeneous Networks

In order to enhance the quality of vertical handoff in an overlay wireless network, multiple attributes are taken into account when optimizing the vertical handoff decision including user-based and network-based QoS factors. In this paper, we develop a novel vertical handoff algorithm in an integrated 3G cellular and Wireless LAN networks. The proposed algorithm can adjust the weight of each QoS attribute dynamically as the networks change, trace the network condition and choose the optimal access point at transient regions. Simulation results show that this algorithm is able to provide accurate handoff decision, resulting in small unnecessary handoff numbers, good performance of throughput and handoff delay in heterogeneous environments.

Movement-assisted service composition optimization in dynamic networks

The mobility of service providers brings new features into the research of dynamic network based service composition.From an optimistic perspective,the mobility of services could benefit the optimization of service composition,if properly handled.Therefore,the impacts of node mobility on the dynamic network based service composition are investigated.Then,a movement-assisted optimization method,namely MASCO,is proposed to improve the performance of the composited services by minimizing the length of data stream and the hop-counts of the service routes in the underlying networks.The correctness and efficiency of the proposed method are then verified through theoretical analysis and computer simulations.

Analysis of transmitter-side control methods in wireless EV charging systems

The wireless electric vehicle(EV) charging system is highly safe and flexible. To reduce the weight and cost of EVs, the wireless charging system, which simplifies the structure inside an EV and utilizes the transmitter-side control method, has become popular. This study investigates the transmitter-side control methods in a wireless EV charging system. First, a universal wireless charging system is introduced, and the function of its transfer power is derived. It is observed that the transfer power can be controlled by regulating either the phase-shift angle or the DC-link voltage. Further, the influence of the control variables is studied using numerical analysis. Additionally, the corresponding control methods, namely the phase-shift angle and the DC-link voltage control, are compared by calculation and simulation. It is found that:(1) the system efficiency is low with the phase-shift control method because of the converter switching loss;(2) the dynamic response is slow with the DC-link voltage control method because of the large inertia of the inductor and capacitor;(3) both the control methods have limitations in their adjustable power range. Therefore, a combined control method is proposed, with the advantages of high system efficiency, fast dynamic response, and wide adjustable power range. Finally, experiments are performed to verify the validity of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed method. This study provides a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the transmitter-side control methods in the wireless charging system, considering the sensitivity of parameters, converter losses, system efficiency,and dynamic performance, with the dead-time effect taken into consideration. Moreover, the proposed control method can be used to realize the optimal combination of the phase-shift angle and the DC-link voltage with good dynamic performance, and it is useful for the optimal operation of the wireless charging system.

A dynamic optical arbitrary waveform generator based on cross phase modulation

In this paper, a dynamic optical arbitrary waveform generator(OAWG) based on cross phase modulation(XPM) is proposed. According to the characteristics of XPM, the nonlinear phase shift of signal can be changed along with the pump power. The amplitude of signal can be changed by controlling the phase shift at one arm of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI) using XPM effect between signal and pump. Therefore, the phase and amplitude of the optical frequency comb(OFC) can be controlled by two pump arrays. As a result, different kinds of waveforms can be synthesized. Due to the ultrafast response of XPM, the generated waveform could be dynamically updated with an ultrafast frequency. The waveform fidelity is affected by the updating frequency.