深部开采陷落范围的预测与控制方法

按已往的错动角圈定地表陷落范围的传统方法,不适用于深部开采.因此,从维持塌陷坑侧壁岩体稳定性的角度,分析了塌陷坑内移动散体的侧向支撑力作用,当塌陷坑散体的厚度不小于临界散体柱高度时,散体的主动压力与被动压力共同阻止边壁岩体的片落活动.通过分析弓长岭井下矿塌陷区的实测数据,得出临界散体柱的高度主要与围岩稳定性、采空区倾角、散体内磨擦角及岩体碎胀系数有关.在深部开采中,用矿山固体废料填充地表塌陷坑,由此降低临界深度,可有效控制地表陷落范围,并给出了陷落角与采深的关系式.

STUDY ON FRACTURE AND MOVEMENT OF OVERLYING BEDROCK IN SHALLOW SEAM UNDER THICK SAND

Based on the field observation results of ground pressure in shallow seam, the movement characteristics of overlying strata in front and behind and the subsidence of the earth’s surface are studied. Also, the paper analyzes the stability of overlying bedrock according to the theory of voussoir beam’s "S-R" stability and the hypothesis of step subsidence. It points out that slide instability is the fundamental form of overlying bedrock movement.