ICP-AES测定稀土强化黑色二氧化钛中镧铈钇的方法研究

采用HF-HNO_(3)混合酸作为消解试剂,选择Y(360.073 nm)、La(408.672 nm)、Ce(413.380 nm)为分析线,建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定稀土强化黑色二氧化钛中La、Ce、Y这3种稀土元素的方法。通过系列实验,探讨了样品消解条件、基体效应、共存元素干扰,分析谱线选择等对待测元素测定的影响。结果表明:当试样溶液中待测元素浓度低于5.0 mg/L时,基体钛对待测元素有影响,须采用基体匹配消除影响;共存元素干扰实验表明,当各共存元素溶液低于200 mg/L时,互不干扰测定。各元素方法检出限如下:La为0.0009%,Ce为0.0013%,Y为0.0004%,回收率为97.8%~102.6%,变异系数CV值为0.56%~3.19%;该方法用于测定稀土强化黑色二氧化钛中各稀土元素测定结果与理论值基本一致,测定结果准确可靠。

GH4169稀土强化镍基高温合金热变形行为

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对GH4169稀土强化镍基高温合金进行了高温压缩试验,变形温度为1223、1273、1323、1373和1423 K,应变速率为0.001、0.01、0.1、1和10 s^(-1),压下量为65%。分析了GH4169稀土强化镍基高温合金在不同变形条件下的流变应力曲线,并采用正交试验和方差分析方法得出真应变、应变速率以及变形温度对流动应力的影响规律。建立了GH4169稀土强化镍基高温合金的修正非线性回归模型,引入相关系数和平均相对误差,验证了所建立的本构模型的有效性。结果表明:该模型能够较准确地描述GH4169稀土强化镍基高温合金的高温流变行为。

稀土强化Pt-Pd-Rh合金针织催化网在硝酸生产常压炉中的应用研究

在H厂生产硝酸的2套机组4台氨氧化常压炉中用Pt-Rh或Pt-Pd-Rh针织催化网作实验,并将稀土强化Pt-Pd-Rh针织催化网与该2种催化网进行了应用比较。用化学分析、光谱定量、光电子能谱、扫描电镜等方法分析了样品的组成及状态。结果表明,优化配套的稀土强化Pt-Pd-Rh针织催化网转化效率高、吨酸铂耗低、使用寿命长,合金中Pt高温氧化轻微,Rh的表面氧化及富集减弱,催化效果明显。提出了氨氧化常压炉用铂合金针织催化网的配套措施。

等离子表面钨钼稀土(钇)合金强化层滑动磨损性能

通过在Q235钢表面渗入钨、钼、钇和碳的表面合金化,并进行淬火和回火以强化表面合金层的性能。利用M200滑动磨损实验机进行滑动磨损性能研究进行对比。结果表明:钇的加入可以促进渗层形成足够多的碳化物核心,为碳化物弥散析出创造良好的条件。表面钨钼稀土合金层、表面钨钼合金层、T10钢、M2高速钢(均进行了淬火+回火的强化处理,下称强化处理)的平均摩擦系数分别为:0.30、0.47、0.57、0.31;表面稀土合金层经强化处理后耐磨性能最好;在干滑动磨损条件下,表面稀土合金强化层的滑动磨损失效形式主要是粘着磨损;加入钇后,试样的摩擦系数降低,显示出优异的耐磨性及良好的减摩性能。

镁合金强韧化的研究现状及发展

从变质处理细晶强化、稀土元素强化及热处理强化等方面阐述了目前镁合金强韧化处理的研究现状和最新进展,重点分析了不同强韧化方法的工艺特点及强化机理,指出镁合金强韧化处理现阶段存在的问题和今后工作的方向。

镁合金相关技术研究及应用

列举了常用镁合金牌号及其对应成分,从其性能入手介绍了各系列合金应用特性。针对目前常用镁合金性能不足的情况,以表面技术强化和稀土添加强化为主,概述了镁合金强化的最新进展。镁合金按加工方式可分为铸造及变形两类,从铸造、焊接以及变形成型3个方面介绍了镁合金加工领域的最新技术,并概述了目前汽车、3C、医疗行业中镁合金的应用。

压铸模具的表面处理新技术

压铸模具的寿命问题一直都是压铸模生产中的难题之一。为提高压铸模具的表面性能,进而提高模具寿命,使得各种各样的表面处理技术日渐发展。文中将压铸模具的表面处理技术分为三个大类,并分别就NQN复合强化技术、稀土表面强化技术、激光表面强化技术、电火花沉积金属陶瓷技术、化学复合镀等新技术,进行了分析与讨论。可以预测,随着我国汽车工业的发展,压铸模具表面处理技术将会迅速发展。

Effects of Al-Ti-B-RE grain refiner on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-7.0Si-0.55Mg alloy

To investigate the effects of Al-Ti-B-RE grain refiner on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-7.0Si-0.55Mg （A357） alloy, some novel Al-7.0Si-0.55Mg alloys added with different amount of Al-STi-1B-RE grain refiner with different RE composition were prepared by vacuum-melting. The microstructure and fracture behavior of the AI-7.0Si-0.55Mg alloys with the grain refiners were observed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, optical microscopy （OM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and the mechanical properties of the alloys were tested in mechanical testing machine at room temperature. The observation of AI-Ti-B-RE morphology and internal structure of the particles reveals that it exhibits a TiAl3/Ti2Al20RE core-shell structure via heterogeneous TiB2 nuclei. The tensile strength of Al-7.0Si-0.55Mg alloys with Al-5Ti-1B-3.0RE grain refiner reaches the peak value at the same addition （0.2%） of grain refiner.

Structure and magnetic properties of RFe7Mn4Ti compounds with R=Y, Tb, Dy,Ho, and Er

The effect of Mn substitution for partial Fe in RFe 11Ti on structure and magnetic properties of compounds was researched. RFe 7Mn 4Ti samples (R=Y,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er) were prepared by means of vacuum arc-melting and subsequent vacuum annealing. The structure and magnetic properties of RFe 7Mn 4Ti compounds were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction and magnetic measurements. The following conclusions were obtained: all the RFe tMn 4Ti compounds crystallize in the ThMn 12-type structure. The lattice constants and the unit-cell volume changed with the increase of atomic number for R=Y, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er. The compensation characters appear for the DyFe 7Mn 4Ti and HoFe 7Mn 4Ti compounds, and the compensation temperatures were about 123 K and 90 K, respectively. The Curie temperature, the saturation magnetization, and saturation moment of RFe 7Mn 4Ti compounds were given.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength Mg−15Gd−1Zn−0.4Zr alloy additive-manufactured by selective laser melting process

In order to verify the feasibility of producing Mg−rare earth(RE)alloy by selective laser melting(SLM)process,the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg−15Gd−1Zn−0.4Zr(wt.%)(GZ151K)alloy were investigated.The results show that fine grains(~2μm),fine secondary phases and weak texture,were observed in the as-fabricated(SLMed)GZ151K Mg alloy.At room temperature,the SLMed GZ151K alloy has a yield strength(YS)of 345 MPa,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 368 MPa and elongation of 3.0%.After subsequent aging(200℃,64 h,T5 treatment),the YS,UTS and elongation of the SLMed-T5 alloy are 410 MPa,428 MPa and 3.4%,respectively,which are higher than those of the conventional cast-T6 alloy,especially with the YS increased by 122 MPa.The main strengthening mechanisms of the SLMed GZ151K alloy are fine grains,fine secondary phases and residual stress,while after T5 treatment,the YS of the alloy is further enhanced by precipitates.

Effects of various rare earth oxides on morphology and size of oxide dispersion strengthening(ODS)-W and ODS-Mo alloy powders

Ultrafine oxide dispersion strengthening(ODS)-Mo and ODS-W alloy powders containing different types of oxide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by spraying method(solid−liquid mixing method)combined with the reductions with carbon black and hydrogen in sequence.It is concluded that the solution concentration and type of rare earth oxide have no effect on the grain size of ODS-Mo alloy powder,but have obvious effect on that of ODS-W alloy powder.The higher the concentration of rare earth solution is,the smaller the average grain size of ODS-W alloy powder is.Furthermore,compared with doping with CeO_(2),the grain sizes of reduction products of La_(2)O_(3) and Y_(2)O_(3) doped WO_(3) are relatively larger.Compared with the undoped case,there is almost no change for grain size of ODS-Mo alloy powder,while the grain size of ODS-W alloy powder becomes much larger.This is probably due to the appearance of the composite oxide(such as La_(2)WO_(6))formed by the reaction between tungsten oxide and rare earth oxides,which promotes the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of tungsten grains during the reduction process of ODS-W,while there is no complex oxide composed of molybdenum and rare earth oxides in the reduction process of ODS-Mo.