程序不变量检测技术

基于合约的程序设计是提高软件质量的一种重要技术,已经得到了很大的发展。合约描述了程序内部的基本属性、程序良性运行的保证条件以及运行后的期望结果。作为合约的一种表达形式,程序不变量一般包含类不变量、前置条件和后置条件。程序不变量是程序中隐含的属性,它可以应用于程序验证、软件测试技术、逆向工程、程序质量保证等领域。本文结合当前主流的程序不变量研究的相关成果和基于合约的程序不变量程序设计方法,分别从源程序编配技术、测试用例生成技术、程序运行轨迹收集技术和程序不变量分析技术四个方面,对程序不变量挖掘的关键方法和原理进行了详细的剖析。

The Key Techniques of VHDL Parser's Automatic Generation

VHDL and its supporting environment are active domain in the field of logic design.In the paper the design principle and some key techniques to solve the problems on the implementation of the VHDL parser are introduced. According to the methods discussed in the paper, the VHDL parser based on VHDL IEEE 1076 standard version is implemented and a series of strict tests are done. This VHDL parser is front-end tool of the VHDL high level synthesis and mixed level simulation system developed by the Research Center of ASIC of BIT.

Visual object-oriented application for lane following on intelligent highway system

A visual object-oriented software for lane following on intelligent highway system (IHS) is proposed. According to object-oriented theory, 3 typical user services of self-check, transfer of human driving and automatic running and abnormal information input from the sensors are chosen out. In addition, the functions of real-time display, information exchanging interface, determination and operation interweaving in the 3 user services are separated into 5 object-oriented classes. Moreover, the 5 classes are organized in the visual development environment. At last, experimental result proves the validity and reliability of the control application.

10 Gbit/s PRBS tester implemented in FPGA

The design of an FPGA（ field programmable gate array） based programmable SONET （synchronous optical network） OC-192 10 Gbit/s PRBS （pseudo-random binary sequence） generator and a bit interleaved polarity 8 （BIP-8） error detector is presented. Implemented in a parallel feedback configuration, this tester features PRBS generation of sequences with bit lengths of 2^7 - 1,2^10- 1,2^15 - 1,2^23 - land 2^31 - 1 for up to 10 Gbit/s applications with a 10 Gbit/s optical transceiver, via the SFI-4 （OC-192 serdes-framer interface）. In the OC-192 frame alignment circuit, a dichotomy search algorithm logic which performs the functions of word alignment and STM-64/OC192 de-frame speeds up the frame sync logic and reduces circuit complexity greatly. The system can be used as a low cost tester to evaluate the performance of OC-192 devices and components, taking the replacement of precious commercial PRBS testers.

Novel multipath routing protocol integrated with forward error correction in MANET

In order to improve the data transmission reliability of mobile ad hoc network, a routing scheme called integrated forward error correction multipath routing protocol was proposed, which integrates the techniques of packet fragmenting and forward error correction encoding into multipath routing. The scheme works as follows: adding a certain redundancy into the original packets; fragmenting the resulting packets into exclusive blocks of the same size; encoding with the forward error correction technique, and then sending them to the destination node. When the receiving end receives a certain amount of information blocks, the original information will be recovered even with partial loss. The performance of the scheme was evaluated using OPNET modeler. The experimental results show that with the method the average transmission delay is decreased by 20% and the transmission reliability is increased by 30%.

PERIODIC COMPLEMENTARY BINARY SEQUENCE PAIRS

A new set of binary sequences-Periodic Complementary Binary Sequence Pair (PCSP) is proposed. A new class of block design-Difference Family Pair (DFP) is also proposed.The relationship between PCSP and DFP, the properties and existing conditions of PCSP and the recursive constructions for PCSP are given.

UNI-SPEC:An Instruction Set Description Language

Microprocessor development emphasizes hardware and software co design. Hw/Sw co design is a modern technique aimed at shortening the time to market in designing the real time and embedded systems. Key feature of this approach is simultaneous development of the program tools and the target processor to match software application. An effective co design flow must therefore support automatic software toolkits generation, without loss of optimizing efficiency. This has resulted in a paradigm shift towards a language based design methodology for microprocessor optimization and exploration. This paper proposes a formal grammar, UNI SPEC, which supports the automatic generation of assemblers, to describe the translation rules from assembly to binary. Based on UNI SPEC, it implements two typical applications, i.e., automatically generating the assembler and the test suites.

Line clipping against polygonal window algorithm based on the multiple virtual boxes rejecting

This paper presents a new algorithm for line clipping against a polygonal window by exploiting the local relationship between each line segment and the polygon. Firstly, a minimal enclosing box （MEB） of the polygon is adopted to reject the invisible line segments located outside the MEB. Secondly, a 45° rotated box is used to encode the endpoint of the line segment, and then reject a portion of the invisible segments crossing polygon comers. Finally, instead of encoding the endpoints of all line segments with respect to the polygonal window, each vertex of the polygon is encoded, taking the line segment to be clipped as reference. For efficient encoding of the polygon vertices, a new concept, termed with slope adaptive virtual box, is introduced regarding each line segment. Such a box can not only conveniently reject all totally invisible lines lying outside the MEB conveniently, but also precisely identify the edges of the polygon with which the line segment potentially intersects. With the summation of the vertex codes, it can be verified whether the line segment is separated from or potentially intersects the polygon window. Based on the product of the codes of adjacent vertices, singular cases of intersection can be solved accurately. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and stability of the new algorithm.

A Proposal of Adaptive PID Controller Based on Reinforcement Learning

Aimed at the lack of self-tuning PID parameters in conventional PID controllers, the structure and learning algorithm of an adaptive PID controller based on reinforcement learning were proposed. Actor-Critic learning was used to tune PID parameters in an adaptive way by taking advantage of the model-free and on-line learning properties of reinforcement learning effectively. In order to reduce the demand of storage space and to improve the learning efficiency, a single RBF neural network was used to approximate the policy function of Actor and the value function of Critic simultaneously. The inputs of RBF network are the system error, as well as the first and the second-order differences of error. The Actor can realize the mapping from the system state to PID parameters, while the Critic evaluates the outputs of the Actor and produces TD error. Based on TD error performance index and gradient descent method, the updating rules of RBF kernel function and network weights were given. Simulation results show that the proposed controller is efficient for complex nonlinear systems and it is perfectly adaptable and strongly robust, which is better than that of a conventional PID controller.

Geospacial information utilized under the access control strategy

This paper introduces a solution to the secure requirement for digital rights management （DRM） by the way of geospacial access control named geospacial access control （GeoAC） in geospacial field. The issues of authorization for geospacial DRM are concentrated on. To geospacial DRM, one aspect is the declaration and enforcement of access rights, based on geographic aspects. To the approbation of digital geographic content, it is important to adopt online access to geodata through a special data infrastructure （SDI）. This results in the interoperability requirements on three different levels： data model level, service level and access control level. The interaction between the data model and service level can be obtained by criterions of the open geospacial consortium （OGC）, and the interaction of the access control level may be reached by declaring and enforcing access restrictions in GeoAC. Then an archetype enforcement based on GeoAC is elucidated. As one aspect of performing usage rights, the execution of access restrictions as an extension to a regular SDI is illuminated.

THE METHOD OF DATA PROCESSING OF THE ELECTRICAL SURVEYING AND THE PROGRAM SYSTEM USED ON MICROCOMPUTER

The ESS software package is prepared for electrical data processing in the fields of coal prospecting, hydrogeologicai engineering, and can be used in the other fields of electrical data processing. It can be operated on any kind of microcomputer which has an internal memories of more than 512kB.The ESS software package would be leading the office operation to an automatic data processing period and the field work free from the tedious, repeated data treating and mapping, so that the engineers would have more time to analyse and interpret field data. Undoubtedly, it is of benefit to improving the relibility of the geological evaluation.

The Rise and Fall of Social Networking Sites： A Comparative Study of Cyworld and Facebook

This study examines why some social networking sites （SNSs） stagnate while other SNSs grow by comparing Cyworld with Facebook. Cyworld was one of the most successful SNSs in the world, but its international expansion efforts failed. Facebook＇s open technology has had considerable influence on various sectors of the economy and society and allowed it to become a dominant SNS at the global level, whereas Cyworld has remained a local SNS. Facebook＇s open platform and application programming interface （API） pose a serious challenge to Cyworld＇s walled-garden approach. Cyworld is based on strong ties fostering close relationships, whereas Facebook expands social networks through its open and weak ties and has more network power than Cyworld. Therefore, openness is the main reason behind the rise of Facebook and the fall of Cyworld.

Tools to make C programs safe: a deeper study

The C programming language is expressive and flexible, but not safe; as its expressive power and flexibility are obtained through unsafe language features, and improper use of these features can lead to program bugs whose causes are hard to identify. Since C is widely used, and it is impractical to rewrite all existing C programs in safe languages, so ways must be found to make C programs safe. This paper deals with the unsafe features of C and presents a survey on existing solutions to make C pro- grams safe. We have studied binary-level instrumentation tools, source checkers, source-level instrumentation tools and safe dialects of C, and present a comparison of different solutions, summarized the strengths and weaknesses of different classes of solutions, and show measures that could possibly improve the accuracy or alleviate the overhead of existing solutions.

Simulation and Analysis of Raw Silk Defects

To test the reliability and stability of the inspecting program of the electronic inspection system for raw silk,a simulating program is developed to simulate various defect cases with the software tool of Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench(LabVIEW).Many techniques,such as random numbers,shift registers,for loop,case structures and waveforms,are used to facilitate the simulation.The simulated defects are inspected by the inspecting program successfully,which proves the effectiveness of the simulating program.

Team-oriented programming for multiple mobile robots

This paper presnts a team-oriented programming method specially designed for multiple mobile robots. The team, which is a typical constitution structure in multi-robot system, forms after the user selects suitable robots, assigns their roles and sets related parameters. Team behavior module are introduced for the team-level behavior description and the temporal chain of these modules, realized by finite state automata, partitions the team tasks into discrete operating states and triggers. A graphical programming tool is designed for the team task description with visual diagrams. The real robots experiment of adaptive formation shows the system＇s usability and effectivity.

Efficient SIMD optimization for media processors

Single instruction multiple data （SIMD） instructions are often implemented in modem media processors. Although SIMD instructions are useful in multimedia applications, most compilers do not have good support for SIMD instructions. This paper focuses on SIMD instructions generation for media processors. We present an efficient code optimization approach that is integrated into a retargetable C compiler. SIMD instructions are generated by finding and combining the same operations in programs. Experimental results for the UltraSPARC VIS instruction set show that a speedup factor up to 2.639 is obtained.

A New Multi-platform Data Acquisition System for Power Quality Metrological Certification

In order to provide power quality monitoring activities with metrological certification, a DAS （data acquisition system） has been designed, realized and characterized. The system allows acquisition on tri-phases plus neutral lines picking up 499 samples per period of the fundamental at 50 Hz. To ensure certified measurements, the system gets external certified time and voltage references. The system uses a FTDI Virtual Com Port Driver to communicate data over High Speed RS232 virtual interface and it does not need any advanced programming skill. The choice to use a virtual serial communication makes the data acquisition software portable over many platforms, regardless by the development environment and by the programming language. To test the proposed device some custom software have been written in many programming language （C^#, VB6, LabView, MatLab）, moreover in order to characterize the device the most common ADC （analog to digital converter） performing test have been applied.

PLC Functional Instruction in Programming of the Application

In this paper, the function characteristics of instruction are introduced, and the focus is on contact compare instruction and the characteristics of the transfer instructions. With the traffic lights control as an example, this paper proposes the application of contact compare instruction and transfer instruction to program design method, making the program structure compact and statement concise. The control requirements are easily completed. Key words： Function Instruction; Programming; Traffic Lights; Contact Compare Instruction; Transfer

Process optimization with consideration of uncertainties——An overview

Optimization under uncertainty is a challenging topic of practical importance in the Process Systems Engineering.Since the solution of an optimization problem generally exhibits high sensitivity to the parameter variations, the deterministic model which neglects the parametric uncertainties is not suitable for practical applications. This paper provides an overview of the key contributions and recent advances in the field of process optimization under uncertainty over the past ten years and discusses their advantages and limitations thoroughly. The discussion is focused on three specific research areas, namely robust optimization, stochastic programming and chance constrained programming, based on which a systematic analysis of their applications, developments and future directions are presented. It shows that the more recent trend has been to integrate different optimization methods to leverage their respective superiority and compensate for their drawbacks. Moreover, data-driven optimization, which combines mathematical programming methods and machine learning algorithms, has become an emerging and competitive tool to handle optimization problems in the presence of uncertainty based on massive historical data.

Proposal for Design and Application of Business Intelligence as a Decision Support System to the Editorial Sector of Distance Education （DE）

In recent years, industrial and service organizations have invested in improvement projects with emphasis on increasing the performance of processes regarding to the production of manufactured goods and services, applying techniques to optimize production time in order to minimize the restrictive effects of the funds invested in processing or obtaining processes in order to reduce the losses of general scope. This paper discusses the impact of the innovation in making use of business intelligence （BI） concepts about production records of a publishing area in a higher education institution （HEI） that promotes distance education （DE） in Brazil, helping the industry in their managements decisions, having a target minimize time on production of learning material through more effective control with the use of cubes in the form of reports for metric queries of delivery delays and metrics on the production tasks financial values, and filtering the processed information so that managers can view information from various angles and managerial perspectives. The objectives of this paper are to demonstrate the impact on using BI concepts in the process of an editorial department of a HEI focusing on the development of teaching materials for the courses of DE and identify the financial cost-benefit ratio for the HEI with the deploying BI in a software fee platform in its publishing department. The sector is responsible by in courseware publishing organizations that usually do not have systems with this emphasis： support on making managerial decisions.