Strong Feller Property for SDEs with Super-linear Drift and Hölder Diffusion Coefficients

In this paper,we investigate the strong Feller property of stochastic differential equations(SDEs)with super-linear drift and Hölder diffusion coefficients.By utilizing the Girsanov theorem,coupling method,truncation method and the Yamada-Watanabe approximation technique,we derived the strong Feller property of the solution.

Prediction of compressive strength of cement mortars with fly ash and activated coal gangue

The pozzolanic activity of coal gangue, which is calcining at 500 to 1 000 ℃, differs distinctly. The simplex-centroid design with upper and lower bounds of component proportion is adopted to study the compressive strength of mortars made with ternary blends of cement, activated coal gangue and fly ash. Based on the results of a minimum of seven design points, three special cubic polynomial models are used to establish the strength predicating equations at different ages for mortars. Five experimental checkpoints were also designed to verify the precision of the equations. The most frequent errors of the predicted values are within 3%. A simple and practical way is provided for determining the optimal proportion of two admixtures when they are used in concrete.

Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor and Scattering of SH Wave by Circle Canyon and Crack

The dynamic stress intensity factor (DSIF) and the scattering of SH wave by circle canyon and crack are studied with Green's function. In order to solve the problem, a suitable Green's function is constructed first, which is the solution of displacement fields for elastic half space with circle canyon under output plane harmonic line loading at horizontal surface. Then the integral equation for determining the unknown forces in the problem can be changed into the algebraic one and solved numerically so that crack DSIF can be determined. Last when the medium parameters are altered, the influence on the crack DSIF is discussed partially with the displacement between circle canyon and crack.

Aniracetam attenuates H_2O_2-induced deficiency of neuron viability, mi-tochondria potential and hippocampal long-term potentiation of mice in vitro

Objective It is known that free radicals are involved in neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction, as seen in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and aging. The present study examines the protective effects of aniracetam against H2O2- induced toxicity to neuron viability, mitochondria potential and hippocampal long-term potentiation （LTP）. Methods Tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） was used to detect neuronal viability. MitoTracker Red （CMX Ros）, a fluorescent stain for mitochondria, was used to measure mitochondria potential. Electrophysiological technique was carried out to record hippocampual LTE Results H2O2 exposure impaired the viability of neurons, reduced mitochondria potential, and decreased LTP in the CA region of hippocampus. These deficient effects were significantly rescued by pre-treatment with aniracetam （10 ～100μmol/L）. Conclusion These results indicate that aniracetam has a strong neuroprotective effect against H2O2-induced toxicity, which could partly explain the mechanism of its clinical application in neurodegenerative diseases.

NECESSARY CONDITION OF IDENTIFICATION FOR A DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEM

This paper considers the necessary condition of the parameter identification problem dudt=(A+B(q))u u(0)=x x∈X with the cost functional J(q)≡12∫ T 0‖Cu(t;q)-y(t)‖ 2 H d t It is proved that the optimal estimate q 0 is determined by the optimal system which consists of the sate equation,the adjoint equation and the optimal condition.

Process Intensification of VOC Removal from High Viscous Media by Rotating Packed Bed

The removal of a volatile organic compound (VOC) from high viscous liquid was carried out in a rotat-ing packed bed (RPB) in this study. The mixed liquid of syrup and acetone was used as simulated high viscous polymer solution with acetone as the volatile compound. The influence of the rotating speed of RPB, liquid viscos-ity, liquid flow rate, vacuum degree, and initial acetone content in the liquid on acetone removal efficiency was in-vestigated. The experimental results indicated that the removal efficiency increased with increasing rotating speed and initial acetone content in the viscous liquid and decreased with increasing liquid viscosity and flow rate. It was also observed that acetone removal efficiency increased with an increasing vacuum degree and reached 58% at a vacuum degree of 0.1 MPa. By the comparison with a flash tank devolatilizer, it was found that acetone removal ef-ficiency in RPB increased by about 67%.

A novel derivative of xanomeline improved memory function in aged mice

Objective To characterize the function of a new xanomeline-derived M 1 agonist, 3-[3-（3-florophenyl-2-propyn- 1- ylthio）-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl]-1,2,5,6- tetrahydro-1-methylpyridine Oxalate （EUK1001）, the acute toxicity and the effects on synaptic plasticity and cognition of EUK1001 were evaluated. Methods To examine the median lethal dose （LD50） of EUK1001, a wide dose range of EUK1001 was administered by p.o. and i.p. in aged mice. Furthermore, novel object recognition task and in vitro electrophysiological technique were utilized to investigate the effects of EUK1001 on recognition memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in aged mice. Results EUK1001 exhibited lower toxicity than xanomeline, and improved the performance of aged mice in the novel object recognition test. In addition, bath application of 1 μmol/L EUK1001 directly induced long-term potentiation in the hippocampus slices. Conclusion We conclude that EUK1001 can improve the agerelated cognitive deficits.

Role of Specific Synaptic Plasticity Interfering Peptides in the Expression of Morphine Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Mice

Learned association between context and drug abuse is essential for the drug conditioned place preference （CPP）, which is an animal model widely used to measure drug reward. Synaptic plasticity, in the form of long-term potentiation （LTP） and depression （LTD）, is regarded as a proposed cellular substrate of learning and memory. However, the exact role of LTP/LTD in addiction is not known yet. Therefore, by bioinformatics we designed peptides aiming to interfere with LTP and LTD respectively, to study their individual role in the expression of morphine CPP. We found that the interfering peptide Pep-A2 can specifically block hippocampal LTP in CA1 region, whereas Pep-A3 can block LTD in this region. Treatment of either of their cell penetrating forms （Tat-A2 or Tat-A3） before test can block the expression of Morphine CPP in mice. These results suggested that both LTP and LTD are required in the drug-associated learning and memory.

Nonlinear Model Algorithmic Control of a pH Neutralization Process

Control of pH neutralization processes is challenging in the chemical process industry because of their inherent strong nonlinearity. In this paper, the model algorithmic control (MAC) strategy is extended to nonlinear processes using Hammerstein model that consists of a static nonlinear polynomial function followed in series by a linear impulse response dynamic element. A new nonlinear Hammerstein MAC algorithm (named NLH-MAC) is presented in detail. The simulation control results of a pH neutralization process show that NLH-MAC gives better control performance than linear MAC and the commonly used industrial nonlinear propotional plus integral plus derivative (PID) controller. Further simulation experiment demonstrates that NLH-MAC not only gives good control response, but also possesses good stability and robustness even with large modeling errors.

Valence variation of arsenic in bioleaching process of arsenic-bearing gold ore

The concentration and variational trend of As3 +and As 5+,the bacterial resistance for the As 3+and As 5+and converting conditions from As3 +to As 5+were analyzed.The additive was used to prompt the bacterial leaching efficiency by changing valence state of arsenic.The results show that the concentration of As 3+ is larger than that of As 5+ in the lag phase.The concentration of As 3+ decreases in the log phase,and is lower than that of As5 +.HQ-0211 typed bacteria express better resistance for As 3+and As 5+and remain growing when the concentrations of As3 +and As 5+are above 6.0 g/L and 12.0 g/L,respectively.It is found that Fe 3+cannot oxidize As3 +singly as strong oxidant in the leaching system,but can cooperate with pyrite or chalcopyrite to do that.The oxidation of As 3+ is prompted with addition of H2O2.The bacterial activity is improved in favor of bacterial leaching efficiency.NaClO restrains the bacterial growth to depress leaching efficiency because of the chloric compounds affecting bacterial activity.

Effect of Fe/SiO2 and CaO/SiO2 mass ratios on metal recovery rate and metal content in slag in oxygen-enriched direct smelting of jamesonite concentrate

The oxygen-enriched direct smelting of jamesonite concentrate was carried out at 1250℃by changing the slag composition.The effects of Fe/SiO2 and Ca O/SiO2 mass ratios on the metal recovery rate as well as metal content in slag were investigated.Experimental results indicated that the metal(Pb+Sb)recovery rate was up to 88.30%,and metal(Pb+Sb)content in slag was below 1 wt.%under the condition of slag composition of 21-22 wt.%Fe,19-20 wt.%SiO2 and 17-18 wt.%Ca O with Fe/SiO2 mass ratio of 1.1:1 and Ca O/SiO2 mass ratio of 0.9:1.The microanalysis of the alloy and slag demonstrated that the main phases in the alloy contained metallic Pb,metallic Sb and a small amount of Cu2 Sb and Fe Sb2 intermetallic compounds.The slag was mainly composed of kirschsteinite and fayalite.Zinc in the raw material was mainly oxidized into the slag phase in the form of zinc oxide.

A Review of Techniques for the Process Intensification of Fluidized Bed Reactors

Fluidized beds enable good solids mixing,high rates of heat and mass transfer,and large throughputs,but there remain issues related to fluidization quality and scale-up.In this work I review modification techniques for fluidized beds from the perspective of the principles of process intensification(PI),that is,effective bubbling suppression and elutriation control.These techniques are further refined into(1)design factors,e.g.modifying the bed configuration,or the application of internal and external forces,and(2)operational factors,including altering the particle properties(e.g.size,density,surface area)and fluidizing gas properties(e.g.density,viscosity,or velocity).As far as two proposed PI principles are concerned,our review suggests that it ought to be possible to gain improvements of between 2 and 4 times over conventional fluidized bed designs by the application of these techniques.

Co-intensification of cyanide leaching gold by mercury ions and oxidant

The effects of mercury ions on gold cyanidation were studied. The results show that under low cyanide concentration, gold cyanide process is controlled by CN- transfer, while at higher cyanide concentration, there forms passivation on gold surface. Therefore, chemical oxidation of gold in cyanide solution of higher concentration is controlled by surface reaction. Small quantity of additions of mercury ions bring about great increases in anodic gold dissolution rate, decreases the passivation and reduces the equilibrium activated energy. In addition, they also markedly change the effect pattern of cyanide concentration. Mercury ions show positive effects on cathodic reduction of oxygen and raise the rate of electrochemical step of the cathodic reduction of oxygen. Addition of a certain amount of hydrogen peroxide is confirmed to be an effective way for intensification of cathodic process on gold electrode. Active potential range and current peak on anodic dissolution are enlarged when being co-intensified with Hg^2＋ and hydrogen peroxide. Co-intensifying effect may be obtained and gold from gold concentrates. gold leaching rate is considerably increased on cyanide leaching of

Process intensification of fine coal separation using two-stage flotation column

Flotation column is widely used as the separation equipment for fine mineral due to its high selectivity. However, this device may be unsuitable for the coarse particle flotation and has high handling ability. A two-stage flotation column with dimensions of 2 000 mm×1 000 mm×4 000 mm was designed to enhance the column flotation process. The energy input was modified by adjusting the flow rate and the head of circulating pump. The flotation column was designed with low energy input in the first stage(speed flotation stage) to recover easy-to-float materials quickly, and high energy input in the second stage(recovery stage) to recover difficult-to-float minerals compulsorily. Contrast experiments on the throughput and coarse coal recovery of high ash coal from the Kailuan Mine were conducted using conventional single-stage flotation column and the two-stage flotation column. The results show that the combustible matter recovery of the two-stage flotation column is 5.25% higher than that of the conventional single-stage flotation column. However, the ash contents of clean coal for both columns are similar. Less coarse coals with low ash are obtained using the two-stage flotation column than that using the single-stage column flotation with the same handling ability. The two-stage flotation column process can enhance coal flotation compared with the conventional single-stage column flotation.

Dynamics of phase transformation of Cu-Ni-Si alloy with super-high strength and high conductivity during aging

The precipitation behaviors of the Cu-Ni-Si alloys during aging were studied by analyzing the variations of electric conductivity.The Avrami-equation of phase transformation kinetics and the Avrami-equation of electric conductivity during aging were established for Cu-Ni-Si alloys,on the basis of linear relationship between the electric conductivity and the volume fraction of precipitates,and the calculation results coincide well with the experiment ones.The transformation kinetics curves were established to characterize the aging process.The characteristics of precipitates in the supersaturated solid solution alloy aged at 723 K were established,and the results show that the precipitates areβ-Ni3Si andδ-Ni2Si phases.

DIFFERENTIABILITY OF C_0-SEMIGROUPS WITH APPLICATION

This paper considers the differentiability of C 0 semigroups with respect to (w.r.t.) parameters contained in their infinitesimal generators.It is proved that the generalized continuity and strong differentiability of their infinitesimal generators w.r.t.parameters imply the differentiability of the C 0 semigroups.The results are applied to the differentiability of the solution of a linear delay differential equation w.r.t.its delays.

Effect of RE addition on solidification process and high-temperature strength of Al-12%Si-4%Cu-1.6%Mn heat-resistant alloy

The effect of RE addition on solidification process and high-temperature strength of Al-12%Si-4%Cu-1.6%Mn(in wt.%)heat-resistant alloy was investigated by microstructure observation and tensile test.A great number of fine needle-like RE-rich phases are observed in the alloys with RE addition. Solutionizing treatment does not change their morphologies and sizes, indicating that they have good thermal stability. The addition of RE totally alters the solidification process of eutectic CruAl2 phase, from network-like phase in the form of segregation at the final eutectic grain boundaries to discretely blocky phase growing on the hair-filamentous RE-rich needles. In the alloys with Ce addition, blocky CuAl2, particulate Al15Mn3Si2 and needle-like RE-rich needle phases grow together, but they did not occur in the alloy with only La addition. The addition of RE does not considerably improve the strength of the alloy at high temperatures. The formation of RE-rich phases also does not significantly alter the originating and propagating of micro-cracks in the alloy during tensile test.

Cracked elastic substrate strip with functionally graded coating under thermal-mechanical loading

This paper investigates the functionally graded coating bonded to an elastic strip with a crack under thermal- mechanical loading. Considering some new boundary conditions, it is assumed that the temperature drop across the crack surface is the result of the thermal conductivity index which controls heat conduction through the crack region. By the Fourier transforms, the thermal-elastic mixed boundary value problems are reduced to a system of singular integral equations which can be approximately solved by applying the Chebyshev polynomials. The numerical computation methods for the temperature, the displacement field and the thermal stress intensity factors （TSIFs） are presented. The normal temperature distributions （NTD） with different parameters along the crack surface are analyzed by numerical examples. The influence of the crack position and the thermal-elastic non- homogeneous parameters on the TSIFs of modes I and 11 at the crack tip is presented. Results show that the variation of the thickness of the graded coating has a significant effect on the temperature jump across the crack surfaces when keeping the thickness of the substrate constant, and the thickness of functionally graded material （FGM） coating has a significant effect on the crack in the substrate. The results can be expected to be used for the purpose of gaining better understanding of the thermal-mechanical behavior of graded coatings.

Inhibition of the MAPK/ERK cascade: a potential transcription-depen-dent mechanism for the amnesic effect of anesthetic propofol

Intravenous anesthetics are known to cause amnesia, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. To identify a possible molecular mechanism, we recently turned our attention to a key intracellular signaling pathway organized by a family of mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPKs）. As a prominent synapse-to-nucleus superhighway, MAPKs couple surface glutamate receptors to nuclear transcriptional events essential for the development and/or maintenance of different forms of synaptic plasticity （long-term potentiation and long-term depression） and memory formation. To define the role of MAPK-dependent transcription in the amnesic property of anesthetics, we conducted a series of studies to examine the effect of a prototype intravenous anesthetic propofol on the MAPK response to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor （NMDAR） stimulation in hippocampal neurons. Our results suggest that propofol possesses the ability to inhibit NMDAR-mediated activation of a classic subclass of MAPKs, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2）. Concurrent inhibition of transcriptional activity also occurs as a result of inhibited responses of ERK1/2 to NMDA. These findings provide first evidence for an inhibitory modulation of the NMDAR-MAPK pathway by an intravenous anesthetic and introduce a new avenue to elucidate a transcription-dependent mechanism processing the amnesic effect of anesthetics.

Effects of Assistant Solvents and Mixing Intensity on the Bromination Process of Butyl Rubber

A slow bromination process of butyl rubber （IIR） suffers from low efficiency and low selectivity （S） of target-product. To obtain suitable approach to intensify the process, effects of assistant solvents and mixing inten-sity on the bromination process were systemically studied in this paper. The reaction process was found constantly accelerated with the increasing dosage and polarity of assistant solvent. Hexane with 30%（by volume） dichloro-methane was found as the suitable solvent component, where the stable conversion of 1,4-isoprene transferring to target product （xA1s） of 80.2%and the corresponding S of 91.2%were obtained in 5 min. The accelerated reaction process was demonstrated being remarkably affected by mixing intensity until the optimal stirring rate of 1100 r＆#183;min-1 in a stirred tank reactor. With better mixing condition, a further intensification of the process was achieved in a ro-tating packed bed （RPB） reactor, where xA1s of 82.6% and S of 91.9% were obtained in 2 min. The usage of the suitable solvent component and RPB has potential application in the industrial bromination process intensification.