A stochastic model of conducting crack propagation is presented to provide a conceptual framework dedicated to the study of the formation of fractal structure of dielectric ageing patterns as a result of a competition...A stochastic model of conducting crack propagation is presented to provide a conceptual framework dedicated to the study of the formation of fractal structure of dielectric ageing patterns as a result of a competition between random fluctuation growth and applied electric strength enhanced deterministic growth. The necessary and sufficient conditions resulting in fractal behaviour in dielectric ageing are found.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the chromatographic conditions for detecting ellagic acid in pomegranate peels using HPLC method. [Method] By using 0.2 mg/ml ellagic acid standard solution, on the basis of si...[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the chromatographic conditions for detecting ellagic acid in pomegranate peels using HPLC method. [Method] By using 0.2 mg/ml ellagic acid standard solution, on the basis of single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, chromatographic conditions （mobile phase ratio, flow rate, col- umn temperature） for detecting ellagic acid using HPLC were optimized. Based on the optimal chromatographic conditions, the ellagic acid content in experimental pomegranate peels was determined. [Resull] The optimal chromatographic conditions for detecting ellagic acid in pomegranate peels using HPLC method are： 1.2% phos- phoric acid：acetonitrile=85：15, column temperature of 35 ℃, and flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The linear regression equation of ellagic acid is： y=2.9e＋0.6x＋4.4e＋5 （FF=9 999）. Ac- cording to the standard addition recovery test, the average recovery rate of ellagic acid is 98.20%, and RSD is 0.60%. Under above optimized chromatographic condi- tions, ellagic acid can be well separated from other interfering components in pomegranate peels, with shorter peak time and ideal effect, which is convenient for the detection in production practices. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for detecting ellagic acid in pomegranate peels using HPLC method.展开更多
In modern agriculture, accurate and effective measurements of soil water content lays foundation for promotion on precision irrigation technology and improvement on water use efficiency. The research reviewed soil moi...In modern agriculture, accurate and effective measurements of soil water content lays foundation for promotion on precision irrigation technology and improvement on water use efficiency. The research reviewed soil moisture indices at home and abroad and classified the indices into two categories in order to make prediction on soil moisture and take measures. Specifically, single indices included precipitation index, soil moisture index, and crop drought index and overall indices included supply/demand water index of crops, overall water index, PDSI, crop water shortage index. Soil moisture index was analyzed in terms of advantages and disadvantages,as well as adaptability in agriculture, providing references for relieving and predicting adverse effects on agriculture and formulating scientific policies.展开更多
This paper aims to provide a decision-making method for the transportation management strategies in guiding the transformation of trip mode choice during planned special events. The Expo 2010 Shanghai is taken as an e...This paper aims to provide a decision-making method for the transportation management strategies in guiding the transformation of trip mode choice during planned special events. The Expo 2010 Shanghai is taken as an example, and a structural equation model is employed to analyze the dynamic mechanism of trip mode choice behavior and the effectiveness of the transportation management measures at different stages. Based on the difference between the objective-oriented stated preference （SP） survey results and the objectives, together with the feedback from the previous stage survey, some adjustments on the transportation management measures are made in the next stage of the planning process until the objectives are eventually achieved. The results indicate that the adjustments on transportation management measures at different stages can effectively raise the transit share to 88.6%. Nonlocal visitors are inclined to choose nonstop modes of transportation and the companion attributes have the most significant effects on the trip mode choices of visitors. The research method is proved to be an effective way to support the decision making process of transportation management measures during planned special events in the future.展开更多
Aim To separate texts from graphics on mechanical engineering drawings. Methods By improved labeling run, the size of circumscribed rectangle and pixel density about the connected graphs on a drawing were gained,...Aim To separate texts from graphics on mechanical engineering drawings. Methods By improved labeling run, the size of circumscribed rectangle and pixel density about the connected graphs on a drawing were gained, according to these value, texts not sticking to graphics could be separated from a drawing. The concept of appendant block was introduced, using the appendant block, texts sticking to graphics could be determined and cut. Results Texts and symbols on mechanical engineering drawings can be separated well. Conclusion This method is simple and fast, it does not destroy the shape of texts and symbols, it can be used for separating texts and symbols from all linear graphics.展开更多
To gain superior computational efficiency, it might be necessary to change the underlying philosophy of the simplex method. In this paper, we propose a Phase-1 method along this line. We relax not only the conventiona...To gain superior computational efficiency, it might be necessary to change the underlying philosophy of the simplex method. In this paper, we propose a Phase-1 method along this line. We relax not only the conventional condition that some function value increases monotonically, but also the condition that all feasible variables remain feasible after basis change in Phase-1. That is, taking a purely combinatorial approach to achieving feasibility. This enables us to get rid of ratio test in pivoting, reducing computational cost per iteration to a large extent. Numerical results on a group of problems are encouraging.展开更多
The implementation of a programmable frequency divider, which is one of the components of the phase-locked loop （PLL） frequency synthesizer for digital video broadcastingterrestrial （DVB-T） and other modem communi...The implementation of a programmable frequency divider, which is one of the components of the phase-locked loop （PLL） frequency synthesizer for digital video broadcastingterrestrial （DVB-T） and other modem communication systems, is presented. By cooperating with a dual-modulus prescaler, this divider can realize an integer frequency division from 926 to 1 387. Besides the traditional standard cell design flow, such as logic synthesis, placement and routing, the interactions between front-end and back-end are also considered to optimize the design flow under deep submicron technology. By back-annotating the back-end information to front-end design, a custom wire-load model is created which is more practical compared with the default model. This divider has been fabricated in TSMC 0. 18μm CMOS technology using Artisan standard cell library. The chip area is 675 μm × 475 μm and the power consumption is about 2 mW under a 1.8 V power supply. Measurement results show that it works correctly and can realize a frequency division with high precision.展开更多
Here, we provide data suggesting that the absence of silencing of the ectopic reprogramming factors used to reprogram somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） may predispose iPSCs to genomic instabili...Here, we provide data suggesting that the absence of silencing of the ectopic reprogramming factors used to reprogram somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） may predispose iPSCs to genomic instability. We encourage stem cell scientists to undertake an extensive characterization and standardization of much larger cohorts of iPSC lines in order to set up rigorous criteria to define safe and stable bonafide iPSCs.展开更多
Multi-objective optimization of a purified terephthalic acid (PTA) oxidation unit is carried out in this paper by using a process modei that has been proved to describe industrial process quite well. The modei is a se...Multi-objective optimization of a purified terephthalic acid (PTA) oxidation unit is carried out in this paper by using a process modei that has been proved to describe industrial process quite well. The modei is a semi-empirical structured into two series ideal continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) models. The optimal objectives include maximizing the yield or inlet rate and minimizing the concentration of 4-carboxy-benzaldhyde, which is the main undesirable intermediate product in the reaction process. The multi-objective optimization algorithra applied in this study is non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ). The performance of NSGA-Ⅱ is further illustrated by application to the title process.展开更多
In this paper, we give a Z 2 index theory of generalized critical point. By this theory we get a sufficient condition on the existing result of a class functional, as an example we give a new result that the equa...In this paper, we give a Z 2 index theory of generalized critical point. By this theory we get a sufficient condition on the existing result of a class functional, as an example we give a new result that the equation-Δu+u=｜u｜ p-1 u, x∈R N,(1)has infinite solutions.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the inspection methods and quality grading standards for Codonopsis pilosula seeds. [Method] A total of 27 shares of C. pilosula seeds were collected and surveyed from six c...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the inspection methods and quality grading standards for Codonopsis pilosula seeds. [Method] A total of 27 shares of C. pilosula seeds were collected and surveyed from six counties in Shanxi, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. The inspection methods of various indicators, such as purity, 1 000-grain weight, germination rate, vitality and moisture content, were investigated in accordance with Rules for Agricultural Seed Testing （GB/T 3543.1-7, 1995）, to develop the appropriate quality inspection method for C. pilosula seeds. Based on the developed inspection method and procedures, the quality of 27 shares of C. pilosula seed samples from different regions was inspected, thus es- tablishing quality grading standards for C. pilosula seeds with K-center clustering method. [Result] C. pilosula seeds are suitable to be cultivated in cool regions. The optimal germination temperature was 25 ~C; the optimal germination bed was gauze bed; the optimal staining conditions were： staining temperature 40 ~, TTC concen- tration 0.5%, staining time 4 h. On the basis of cluster analysis, the quality of C. pilosula seeds could be divided into three grades according to five indicators, includ- ing the purity, 1 000-grain weight, moisture content, vitality, and germination rate. Specifically, vitality and germination rate were important factors of grading standards due to the significant differences, followed by purity, 1 000-grain weight and mois- ture content. [Conclusion] This study provided an important basis for standardized cultivation and industrial development of C. pilosula.展开更多
The eXtensible markup language (XML) is a kind of new meta language for replacing HTML and has many advantages. Traditional engineering documents have too many expression forms to be expediently managed and have no dy...The eXtensible markup language (XML) is a kind of new meta language for replacing HTML and has many advantages. Traditional engineering documents have too many expression forms to be expediently managed and have no dynamic correlation functions. This paper introduces a new method and uses XML to store and manage engineering documents to realize the format unity of engineering documents and their dynamic correlations.展开更多
The size distribution of a muck pile depends not on only the blasting standard but also on the mechanical properties,joint system,and crack density of the rock mass. As,the cracks in the rock masses are especially hea...The size distribution of a muck pile depends not on only the blasting standard but also on the mechanical properties,joint system,and crack density of the rock mass. As,the cracks in the rock masses are especially heavily developed at the limestone quar- ries in Japan,they,along with the joints,have a large impact on the effects of blasting, such as the size of the muck pile.Therefore,if the joint system and/or crack density in a rock mass can be determined and quantitatively evaluated,the blasting operation can be conducted more effectively,efficiently and safely.However,guidelines for designing ap- propriate blasting standards based on the rock mass conditions have not yet been scien- tifically developed.Therefore,blasting tests were conducted on different mines and faces, under different geological conditions and blasting standards,in order to determine the im- pacts of each factor on the effects of blasting.Summarized the results of a series of blast- ing tests and described the impacts of geological conditions on the size of the muck pile produced by blast.展开更多
文摘A stochastic model of conducting crack propagation is presented to provide a conceptual framework dedicated to the study of the formation of fractal structure of dielectric ageing patterns as a result of a competition between random fluctuation growth and applied electric strength enhanced deterministic growth. The necessary and sufficient conditions resulting in fractal behaviour in dielectric ageing are found.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the chromatographic conditions for detecting ellagic acid in pomegranate peels using HPLC method. [Method] By using 0.2 mg/ml ellagic acid standard solution, on the basis of single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, chromatographic conditions （mobile phase ratio, flow rate, col- umn temperature） for detecting ellagic acid using HPLC were optimized. Based on the optimal chromatographic conditions, the ellagic acid content in experimental pomegranate peels was determined. [Resull] The optimal chromatographic conditions for detecting ellagic acid in pomegranate peels using HPLC method are： 1.2% phos- phoric acid：acetonitrile=85：15, column temperature of 35 ℃, and flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The linear regression equation of ellagic acid is： y=2.9e＋0.6x＋4.4e＋5 （FF=9 999）. Ac- cording to the standard addition recovery test, the average recovery rate of ellagic acid is 98.20%, and RSD is 0.60%. Under above optimized chromatographic condi- tions, ellagic acid can be well separated from other interfering components in pomegranate peels, with shorter peak time and ideal effect, which is convenient for the detection in production practices. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for detecting ellagic acid in pomegranate peels using HPLC method.
基金Supported by Key Programs for Science and Technology Development(1501031102)~~
文摘In modern agriculture, accurate and effective measurements of soil water content lays foundation for promotion on precision irrigation technology and improvement on water use efficiency. The research reviewed soil moisture indices at home and abroad and classified the indices into two categories in order to make prediction on soil moisture and take measures. Specifically, single indices included precipitation index, soil moisture index, and crop drought index and overall indices included supply/demand water index of crops, overall water index, PDSI, crop water shortage index. Soil moisture index was analyzed in terms of advantages and disadvantages,as well as adaptability in agriculture, providing references for relieving and predicting adverse effects on agriculture and formulating scientific policies.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51278363)
文摘This paper aims to provide a decision-making method for the transportation management strategies in guiding the transformation of trip mode choice during planned special events. The Expo 2010 Shanghai is taken as an example, and a structural equation model is employed to analyze the dynamic mechanism of trip mode choice behavior and the effectiveness of the transportation management measures at different stages. Based on the difference between the objective-oriented stated preference （SP） survey results and the objectives, together with the feedback from the previous stage survey, some adjustments on the transportation management measures are made in the next stage of the planning process until the objectives are eventually achieved. The results indicate that the adjustments on transportation management measures at different stages can effectively raise the transit share to 88.6%. Nonlocal visitors are inclined to choose nonstop modes of transportation and the companion attributes have the most significant effects on the trip mode choices of visitors. The research method is proved to be an effective way to support the decision making process of transportation management measures during planned special events in the future.
文摘Aim To separate texts from graphics on mechanical engineering drawings. Methods By improved labeling run, the size of circumscribed rectangle and pixel density about the connected graphs on a drawing were gained, according to these value, texts not sticking to graphics could be separated from a drawing. The concept of appendant block was introduced, using the appendant block, texts sticking to graphics could be determined and cut. Results Texts and symbols on mechanical engineering drawings can be separated well. Conclusion This method is simple and fast, it does not destroy the shape of texts and symbols, it can be used for separating texts and symbols from all linear graphics.
文摘To gain superior computational efficiency, it might be necessary to change the underlying philosophy of the simplex method. In this paper, we propose a Phase-1 method along this line. We relax not only the conventional condition that some function value increases monotonically, but also the condition that all feasible variables remain feasible after basis change in Phase-1. That is, taking a purely combinatorial approach to achieving feasibility. This enables us to get rid of ratio test in pivoting, reducing computational cost per iteration to a large extent. Numerical results on a group of problems are encouraging.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60472057)
文摘The implementation of a programmable frequency divider, which is one of the components of the phase-locked loop （PLL） frequency synthesizer for digital video broadcastingterrestrial （DVB-T） and other modem communication systems, is presented. By cooperating with a dual-modulus prescaler, this divider can realize an integer frequency division from 926 to 1 387. Besides the traditional standard cell design flow, such as logic synthesis, placement and routing, the interactions between front-end and back-end are also considered to optimize the design flow under deep submicron technology. By back-annotating the back-end information to front-end design, a custom wire-load model is created which is more practical compared with the default model. This divider has been fabricated in TSMC 0. 18μm CMOS technology using Artisan standard cell library. The chip area is 675 μm × 475 μm and the power consumption is about 2 mW under a 1.8 V power supply. Measurement results show that it works correctly and can realize a frequency division with high precision.
文摘Here, we provide data suggesting that the absence of silencing of the ectopic reprogramming factors used to reprogram somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） may predispose iPSCs to genomic instability. We encourage stem cell scientists to undertake an extensive characterization and standardization of much larger cohorts of iPSC lines in order to set up rigorous criteria to define safe and stable bonafide iPSCs.
基金National Key Technologies Research and Development Program in the 10th Five-year Phan(No.2001BA204B01)National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of China(No.60025308)
文摘Multi-objective optimization of a purified terephthalic acid (PTA) oxidation unit is carried out in this paper by using a process modei that has been proved to describe industrial process quite well. The modei is a semi-empirical structured into two series ideal continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) models. The optimal objectives include maximizing the yield or inlet rate and minimizing the concentration of 4-carboxy-benzaldhyde, which is the main undesirable intermediate product in the reaction process. The multi-objective optimization algorithra applied in this study is non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ). The performance of NSGA-Ⅱ is further illustrated by application to the title process.
文摘In this paper, we give a Z 2 index theory of generalized critical point. By this theory we get a sufficient condition on the existing result of a class functional, as an example we give a new result that the equation-Δu+u=｜u｜ p-1 u, x∈R N,(1)has infinite solutions.
基金Supported by"Twelfth Five Year"National Science and Technology Support Program of China(2011BA107B01)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Shanxi Province(20120313015-9)Scientific and Technological Project of Changzhi City(20118033-1)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the inspection methods and quality grading standards for Codonopsis pilosula seeds. [Method] A total of 27 shares of C. pilosula seeds were collected and surveyed from six counties in Shanxi, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. The inspection methods of various indicators, such as purity, 1 000-grain weight, germination rate, vitality and moisture content, were investigated in accordance with Rules for Agricultural Seed Testing （GB/T 3543.1-7, 1995）, to develop the appropriate quality inspection method for C. pilosula seeds. Based on the developed inspection method and procedures, the quality of 27 shares of C. pilosula seed samples from different regions was inspected, thus es- tablishing quality grading standards for C. pilosula seeds with K-center clustering method. [Result] C. pilosula seeds are suitable to be cultivated in cool regions. The optimal germination temperature was 25 ~C; the optimal germination bed was gauze bed; the optimal staining conditions were： staining temperature 40 ~, TTC concen- tration 0.5%, staining time 4 h. On the basis of cluster analysis, the quality of C. pilosula seeds could be divided into three grades according to five indicators, includ- ing the purity, 1 000-grain weight, moisture content, vitality, and germination rate. Specifically, vitality and germination rate were important factors of grading standards due to the significant differences, followed by purity, 1 000-grain weight and mois- ture content. [Conclusion] This study provided an important basis for standardized cultivation and industrial development of C. pilosula.
文摘The eXtensible markup language (XML) is a kind of new meta language for replacing HTML and has many advantages. Traditional engineering documents have too many expression forms to be expediently managed and have no dynamic correlation functions. This paper introduces a new method and uses XML to store and manage engineering documents to realize the format unity of engineering documents and their dynamic correlations.
文摘The size distribution of a muck pile depends not on only the blasting standard but also on the mechanical properties,joint system,and crack density of the rock mass. As,the cracks in the rock masses are especially heavily developed at the limestone quar- ries in Japan,they,along with the joints,have a large impact on the effects of blasting, such as the size of the muck pile.Therefore,if the joint system and/or crack density in a rock mass can be determined and quantitatively evaluated,the blasting operation can be conducted more effectively,efficiently and safely.However,guidelines for designing ap- propriate blasting standards based on the rock mass conditions have not yet been scien- tifically developed.Therefore,blasting tests were conducted on different mines and faces, under different geological conditions and blasting standards,in order to determine the im- pacts of each factor on the effects of blasting.Summarized the results of a series of blast- ing tests and described the impacts of geological conditions on the size of the muck pile produced by blast.
