程海波运用癌毒病机理论辨治肿瘤转移经验

[目的]总结程海波教授运用癌毒病机理论辨治肿瘤转移的临床经验。[方法]通过随师侍诊,归纳整理病例,从肿瘤转移的基本病机、主要治法,对程海波教授运用癌毒病机理论辨治肿瘤转移的学术观点和临床经验进行探讨分析,并附验案举隅。[结果]程海波教授基于癌毒病机理论和临床实践,提出肿瘤转移的基本病机为"正气亏虚、癌毒流注",正气亏虚是肿瘤转移的根本原因,癌毒流注是肿瘤转移的病机关键,癌毒流注具有特异性的通道、载体及规律,"扶正培本、抗癌解毒"是辨治肿瘤转移的主要治法。程海波教授运用癌毒病机理论辨治一例肺癌脑、肝转移患者疗效显著,转移灶显著缩小。[结论]程海波教授运用癌毒病机理论辨治肿瘤转移具有独到的临床经验,值得进一步学习和推广。

基于癌毒病机理论辨治乳腺癌肝转移

乳腺癌晚期容易发生肝转移,在癌毒理论指导下,程海波教授提出该病的核心病机为肝阴血虚,痰瘀郁结,癌毒流注。基本治疗原则为祛邪解毒、扶正固本。主要治法包括滋阴养血,柔肝和络;疏肝解郁,化痰祛瘀;通经活络,抗癌解毒。验之临床,每获良效。附验案1则以佐证。

MODEL RECONSTRUCTION FROM CLOUD DATA FOR RAPID PROTOTYPE MANUFACTURING

Model reconstruction from points scanned on existing physical objects is much important in a variety of situations such as reverse engineering for mechanical products, computer vision and recovery of biological shapes from two dimensional contours. With the development of measuring equipment, cloud points that contain more details of the object can be obtained conveniently. On the other hand, large quantity of sampled points brings difficulties to model reconstruction method. This paper first presents an algorithm to automatically reduce the number of cloud points under given tolerance. Triangle mesh surface from the simplified data set is reconstructed by the marching cubes algorithm. For various reasons, reconstructed mesh usually contains unwanted holes. An approach to create new triangles is proposed with optimized shape for covering the unexpected holes in triangle meshes. After hole filling, watertight triangle mesh can be directly output in STL format, which is widely used in rapid prototype manufacturing. Practical examples are included to demonstrate the method.

Wind Wave Characteristics and Engineering Environment of the South China Sea

Wave simulation was conducted for the period 1976 to 2005 in the South China Sea （SCS） using the wave model, WAVEWATCH-III. Wave characteristics and engineering environment were studied in the region. The wind input data are from the objective reanalysis wind datasets, which assimilate meteorological data from several sources. Comparisons of significant wave heights between simulation and TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter and buoy data show a good agreement in general. By statistical analysis, the wave characteristics, such as significant wave heights, dominant wave directions, and their seasonal variations, were discussed. The largest significant wave heights are found in winter and the smallest in spring. The annual mean dominant wave direction is northeast （NE） along the southwest （SW）-NE axis, east northeast in the northwest （NW） part of SCS, and north northeast in the southeast （SE） part of SCS. The joint distributions of wave heights and wave periods （directions） were studied. The results show a single peak pattern for joint significant wave heights and periods, and a double peak pattern for joint significant wave heights and mean directions. Furthermore, the main wave extreme parameters and directional extreme values, particularly for the 100-year return period, were also investigated. The main extreme values of significant wave heights are larger in the northern part of SCS than in the south- ern part, with the maximum value occurring to the southeast of Hainan Island. The direction of large directional extreme Hs values is focus in E in the northem and middle sea areas of SCS, while the direction of those is focus in N in the southeast sea areas of SCS.

Separation of up-going and down-going wave fields of vertical cable data

The vertical cable method for acquiring and processing pre-stack 3-D marine seismic data is based on the technology developed by the US Navy for antisubmarine warfare. In order to achieve the maximum utili- zation of vertical cable field data, a new separation method of the up-going and down-going wave fields of the vertical cable data processing was developed in this paper, which is different from the separation of the down-going and up-going wave fields of normal VSP data processing. In tests with synthetic modeling data and actual field data, this newly developed method performs well and is also computationally simpler without pre-assumption conditions.

Application of Modified G'/G-Expansion Method to Traveling Wave Solutions for Whitham-Broer-Kaup-Like Equations

A modified G′/G-expansion method is presented to derive traveling wave solutions for a class of nonlinear partial differential equations called Whitham -Broer- Kaup-Like equations. As a result, the hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions, and rational solutions with parameters to the equations are obtained. When the parameters are taken as special values the solitary wave solutions can be obtained.

Air-sea fluxes of heat and momentum over the Yellow Sea during cold air outbreaks

The impact of sea surface waves on air-sea fluxes of heat and momentum over the Yellow Sea caused by cold fronts during cold air outbreak(CAO)events is investigated through numerical experiments with a FVCOM-SWAVE(Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model-Surface WAVE)wave-current coupled model.Two typical types of cold fronts,i.e.,those respectively from the north and from the west,are simulated and compared to each other and with monthly mean.During cold seasons,currents in the Yellow Sea are weaker than that during warm seasons.As a result,waves show a more prominent impact.The numerical simulations suggested that both the heat and momentum fluxes are significantly enhanced during CAO events;and they could be a few times larger than the monthly average of a five-year mean.The enhancement is highly sensitive to the features of CAOs.Specifically,it depends on the cold front orientation,intensity and evolution.One mechanism that strengthens the two fluxes is via sea waves.For the CAOs that are studied,an increase in sea wave height by 50%can double the maximal momentum flux,and cause an increase in heat flux by 10-160 W/m^2.

Depression and elevation internal solitary waves in a two-layer fluid and their forces on cylindrical piles

Both large amplitude depression and elevation internal solitary waves （ISWs） were observed on the continental shelf of the northwest South China Sea （SCS） during the Wenchang Intemal Wave Experiment. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of depression and elevation ISWs based on comparisons between observational results and internal wave theories. It is suggested that the large amplitude depression wave is better represented by the extended Korteweg-de Vries （EKdV） theory than by the KdV model, whereas the large amplitude elevation wave is in better agreement with the KdV equation than with the EKdV theory. Wave-induced forces on a supposed small-diameter cylindrical pile by depression and elevation waves are also estimated using the internal wave theory and Morison formula. The wave-induced force by elevation ISWs is rarely reported in the literature. It is found that the force induced by the elevation wave differs significantly fi＇om that by the depression wave, and the elevation wave generally produces greater force on the pile in the lower water column than the depression wave. These results show that ISWs in the study area can present a serious threat to ocean engineering structures, and should not be ignored in the design of oil platforms and ocean operations.

Application of Restoration Methods on Brown Coal Localities of Czech Republic

Over 70% brown coal reserves have been exploited in the North Bohemian Basin today. Openeast mining of brown coal naturally led to large landscape damages, Therefore reclamation work has acquired a great significance. The research methodology of the areas of interests and the reclamation works themselves described in this article arises from North Bohemian Mines locality reclamation philosophy. Apart from the earlier published methodology of fertilizable soils application used today in operation, experiments with filling areas left for natural succession and pilot have been launched lately. The results are stated in the paper. application of power plant stabilizer and ash in phyto-toxic areas

The effect of Coriolis-Stokes forcing on upper ocean circulation in a two-way coupled wave-current model

We investigated the Stokes drift-driven ocean currents and Stokes drift-induced wind energy input into the upper ocean using a two-way coupled wave-current modeling system that consists of the Princeton Ocean Model generalized coordinate system (POMgcs), Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) wave model, and the Model Coupling Toolkit (MCT). The Coriolis-Stokes forcing (CSF) computed using the wave parameters from SWAN was incorporated with the momentum equation of POMgcs as the core coupling process. Experimental results in an idealized setting show that under the steady state, the scale of the speed of CSF-driven current was 0.001 m/s and the maximum reached 0.02 m/s. The Stokes drift-induced energy rate input into the model ocean was estimated to be 28.5 GW, taking 14% of the direct wind energy rate input. Considering the Stokes drift effects, the total mechanical energy rate input was increased by approximately 14%, which highlights the importance of CSF in modulating the upper ocean circulation. The actual run conducted in Taiwan Adjacent Sea (TAS) shows that: 1) CSF-based wave-current coupling has an impact on ocean surface currents, which is related to the activities of monsoon winds; 2) wave-current coupling plays a significant role in a place where strong eddies present and tends to intensify the eddy's vorticity; 3) wave-current coupling affects the volume transport of the Taiwan Strait (TS) throughflow in a nontrivial degree, 3.75% on average.

Statistical distribution of nonlinear random water wave surface elevation

This study deals with the development of statistical modeling for water wave surface elevation by using a method that combines a dynamic solution with random process statistics. Ocean wave data taken from four NOAA （National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration） buoys moored in the northeast Pacific were used to validate the model. The results indicated that the nonlinear probability density distribution of ocean wave surface elevation derived from the model described the measurements much better than Gaussian distribution and Longuet-Higgins distribution.

The Nonlinear Interaction Process in the Wave Assimilation Model and Its Experiments

This paper presents a composite interaction formula based on the discrete-interaction operator of wave-wave nonlinear interaction for deriving its adjoint source function in the wave assimilation model. Assimilation experiments were performed using the significant wave heights observed by the TOPES/POSEIDON satellite, and the gradient distribution in the physical space was also analyzed preliminarily.

Accuracy of the staggered-grid finite-difference method of the acoustic wave equation for marine seismic reflection modeling

Seismic wave modeling is a cornerstone of geophysical data acquisition, processing, and interpretation, for which finite-difference methods are often applied. In this paper, we extend the velocity- pressure formulation of the acoustic wave equation to marine seismic modeling using the staggered-grid finite-difference method. The scheme is developed using a fourth-order spatial and a second-order temporal operator. Then, we define a stability coefficient (SC) and calculate its maximum value under the stability condition. Based on the dispersion relationship, we conduct a detailed dispersion analysis for submarine sediments in terms of the phase and group velocity over a range of angles, stability coefficients, and orders. We also compare the numerical solution with the exact solution for a P-wave line source in a homogeneous submarine model. Additionally, the numerical results determined by a Marmousi2 model with a rugged seafloor indicate that this method is sufficient for modeling complex submarine structures.

An Appropriate Unidirectional Wave Spectrum Model for the Strait of Hormuz

The objective of this paper is to introduce an appropriate unidirectional wave spectrum model for the Strait of Hormuz. The research is focused on assessing performance of standard wave spectrum models in the region. By evaluating such models based on valuable measurement data recently published, the calibration procedure has been conducted on such standard models to reach a better concordance between a modified standard spectral model and observed field spectra. The calibration is performed initially with respect to four distinct directions related to four available measurement stations. So, it results in four sets of coefficients for a nominated model. Next, it is continued to reach just one model insensitive to directions. Results clearly showed that the International Towing Tank Conference （ITTC） model is more appropriate than Joint North Sea Wave Project （JONSWAP） and Pierson and Moskowitz （PM） models in this area, even without any calibration. However, modifications have been successful on improving the conformity of the model.

Numerical Simulation on Hydroelastic Response of Structure under Impact Load from Water Using Eulerian Scheme with Lagrangian Particles

Hydroelasticity caused by water impact is of concem in many applications of ocean engineering/naval architect and is a complicated physical phenomenon. The authors have developed a coupled Eulerian scheme with Lagrangian particles to combine advantages and to compensate disadvantages in both grid based method and particle based method. In this study, the developed numerical model was applied to hydroelastic problems due to impact pressure such as water entry of an elastic cylinder and elastic tanker motion in wave. The authors showed the numerical results which is overall agreement with experimental results. The proposed numerical scheme can be useful and effectiveness to evaluate hydroelasticity and ship-wave interaction in nonlinear wave motion with breaking.

安徽“玉米稻兄弟”失和

安徽省岳西县程旭波、程海波兄弟,倾注17年心血,成功试验出玉米和水稻杂交的高产“玉米稻”,并获得国家专利。中央电视台、凤凰卫视、《人民日报》以及美国、欧洲的媒体均对此事做了报道。然而,谁也没有想到,兄弟俩在成功之时却闹起了分手……

The propagation of a solitary wave over seabed mud of the Voigt model

In shallow water, seabed mud can dissipate the energy of surface gravity waves effectively. In this paper, solitary wave attenuation induced by seabed mud is studied based on a two-layered system, in which the water is assumed to be inviscid and the mud layer is described by the Voigt model. A set of Boussinesq-type equations suitable for solitary waves over the mud of the Voigt model is established, by combining the perturbation analysis and the Laplace transformation. Degenerating into the case of Newtonian model, our Boussinesq-type equations are equivalent to those of Liu and Chan (2007), while the term indicating mud influence is greatly simplified. Based on the equations, the attenuation of solitary waves is studied. An evolution equation of wave amplitude is obtained and the development of mud velocity profiles is discussed. The modal analysis shows that the first mode always dominates mud dynamics. The results are also compared with those of the Maxwell model.

Design Method of Guide Vane for Wells Turbine

Guide vanes are installed in the Wells turbine in order to improve its efficiency, self-rotating characteristics and off design performance with stall. This work attempts to explain the role of these guide vanes on the basis of momentum theory. It is shown that the upstream vanes are more effective in enhancing efficiency than the downstream ones. A design method for guide vanes is suggested based on experimental data and potential theory. Experimental studies carried out by the author confirm the theory proposed.