The main objective of this paper is to analyze the relationships between the productive process and the commercial trade with water resources used by them. For that the goal is to find out, by means of the estimation ...The main objective of this paper is to analyze the relationships between the productive process and the commercial trade with water resources used by them. For that the goal is to find out, by means of the estimation of water embodied in the exported crops which have the highest export competitiveness and lower water consumption. The finding contradicts not only the comparative advantages theory but also the resources sustainability logic. This conclusion is derived from the great exports of water via tomatoes and low profitable vegetables from producers＇ perspective but not economical from social perspectives as shown in domestic resource coefficient. The diversion between financial and economic profitability is due to heavily irrigation water subsidy. The results confirm that Jordan utilizes large amounts of water in its exports, and in turn, it does not export goods with low water requirements. The potential saving would be very significant and agricultural sector need to modify the use of water to a great extent in order to reach significant water savings and an environmental sustainability. Jordan has to implement policies that reduced, or even abandoned, the export and the production of water-intensive crops. Therefore, they have to be replaced with either imports or crops that optimize the water resources.展开更多
The time-driven activity-based costing has received extensive attention from scholars both at home and abroad in recent years,which has been applied to the calculation of manufacturing operations and the cost of produ...The time-driven activity-based costing has received extensive attention from scholars both at home and abroad in recent years,which has been applied to the calculation of manufacturing operations and the cost of products.However, this approach is rarely introduced into the service sector.As to the hospitality industry, the profitability of the customer usually plays a decisive role in the business process.Therefore, this article takes the hotel service industry as the research point and allocates the costs of resources of each departments to customers according to time drivers.The focus of this paper is to calculate the costs of customers ,and then analyze the profitability of customers in order to take the appropriate marketing strategies to improve the hotel service industry Drofitabilitv.展开更多
The Basel II committee sets their customers. This new up directives encouraging banks to use internal scores in order to assess the risk of form of information competes with the existing ones. Small and medium-sized e...The Basel II committee sets their customers. This new up directives encouraging banks to use internal scores in order to assess the risk of form of information competes with the existing ones. Small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） are most concerned by these new stakes, due to the lack of transparency. The aim of this paper is to understand the determinants of the choice between substitution and complementarity between the two types of information： ＂soft＂ and ＂hard＂, to test a potential effect of this choice on the banking performance and to describe which variables are involved in the decision-making process. The originality of this work is to try to quantify the information costs and to use it as a variable which is affecting the adopted choice.展开更多
This paper studies the optimization problem with both investment and proportional reinsurance control under the assumption that the surplus process of an insurance entity is represented by a pure diffusion process.The...This paper studies the optimization problem with both investment and proportional reinsurance control under the assumption that the surplus process of an insurance entity is represented by a pure diffusion process.The company can buy proportional reinsurance and invest its surplus into a Black-Scholes risky asset and a risk free asset without restrictions.The authors define absolute ruin as that the liminf of the surplus process is negative infinity and propose absolute ruin minimization as the optimization scenario.Applying the HJB method the authors obtain explicit expressions for the minimal absolute ruin function and the associated optimal investment strategy.The authors find that the minimal absolute ruin function here is convex,but not S-shaped investigated by Luo and Taksar(2011).And finally,from behavioral finance point of view,the authors come to the conclusion:It is the restrictions on investment that results in the kink of minimal absolute ruin function.展开更多
In this paper, the surplus process is assumed to be a periodic risk model and the insurer is allowed to invest in multiple risky assets described by the Black-Scholes market model. Under shortselling prohibition, the ...In this paper, the surplus process is assumed to be a periodic risk model and the insurer is allowed to invest in multiple risky assets described by the Black-Scholes market model. Under shortselling prohibition, the authors consider the optimal investment from an insurer＇s point of view by maximizing the adjustment coefficent and the expected exponential utility of wealth at one period, respectively. It is shown that the optimal strategies of both of optimization problems are to invest a fixed amount of money in each risky asset.展开更多
文摘The main objective of this paper is to analyze the relationships between the productive process and the commercial trade with water resources used by them. For that the goal is to find out, by means of the estimation of water embodied in the exported crops which have the highest export competitiveness and lower water consumption. The finding contradicts not only the comparative advantages theory but also the resources sustainability logic. This conclusion is derived from the great exports of water via tomatoes and low profitable vegetables from producers＇ perspective but not economical from social perspectives as shown in domestic resource coefficient. The diversion between financial and economic profitability is due to heavily irrigation water subsidy. The results confirm that Jordan utilizes large amounts of water in its exports, and in turn, it does not export goods with low water requirements. The potential saving would be very significant and agricultural sector need to modify the use of water to a great extent in order to reach significant water savings and an environmental sustainability. Jordan has to implement policies that reduced, or even abandoned, the export and the production of water-intensive crops. Therefore, they have to be replaced with either imports or crops that optimize the water resources.
文摘The time-driven activity-based costing has received extensive attention from scholars both at home and abroad in recent years,which has been applied to the calculation of manufacturing operations and the cost of products.However, this approach is rarely introduced into the service sector.As to the hospitality industry, the profitability of the customer usually plays a decisive role in the business process.Therefore, this article takes the hotel service industry as the research point and allocates the costs of resources of each departments to customers according to time drivers.The focus of this paper is to calculate the costs of customers ,and then analyze the profitability of customers in order to take the appropriate marketing strategies to improve the hotel service industry Drofitabilitv.
文摘The Basel II committee sets their customers. This new up directives encouraging banks to use internal scores in order to assess the risk of form of information competes with the existing ones. Small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） are most concerned by these new stakes, due to the lack of transparency. The aim of this paper is to understand the determinants of the choice between substitution and complementarity between the two types of information： ＂soft＂ and ＂hard＂, to test a potential effect of this choice on the banking performance and to describe which variables are involved in the decision-making process. The originality of this work is to try to quantify the information costs and to use it as a variable which is affecting the adopted choice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China under Grant No.11401556the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11471304 and 11171321
文摘This paper studies the optimization problem with both investment and proportional reinsurance control under the assumption that the surplus process of an insurance entity is represented by a pure diffusion process.The company can buy proportional reinsurance and invest its surplus into a Black-Scholes risky asset and a risk free asset without restrictions.The authors define absolute ruin as that the liminf of the surplus process is negative infinity and propose absolute ruin minimization as the optimization scenario.Applying the HJB method the authors obtain explicit expressions for the minimal absolute ruin function and the associated optimal investment strategy.The authors find that the minimal absolute ruin function here is convex,but not S-shaped investigated by Luo and Taksar(2011).And finally,from behavioral finance point of view,the authors come to the conclusion:It is the restrictions on investment that results in the kink of minimal absolute ruin function.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program) under Grant No. 2007CB814905the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11171164
文摘In this paper, the surplus process is assumed to be a periodic risk model and the insurer is allowed to invest in multiple risky assets described by the Black-Scholes market model. Under shortselling prohibition, the authors consider the optimal investment from an insurer＇s point of view by maximizing the adjustment coefficent and the expected exponential utility of wealth at one period, respectively. It is shown that the optimal strategies of both of optimization problems are to invest a fixed amount of money in each risky asset.
