College English autonomous teaching and learning research and practice

This paper intends to promote a college English autonomous teaching and learning approach by introducing the whole process of its implementation and feedback from the learners. The theoretical and practical framework of this approach is： with multiple autonomous learning research and practice models as its core, with process syllabus as its guidance, with task-based teaching as its essential principle, with group cooperation and reciprocal learning as its means, with extracurricular activities, online learning and self-access center as its learning environment, with formative assessment system as its guarantee and with cultivation of learners＇ comprehensive English practical skills and autonomy as its goal. Through this approach, we provide the learners with a favorable learning environment where they can learn by themselves and learn by reflection and practice so that they can learn how to learn and how to behave and how to survive.

渴望生命的细节

生命如同翠竹，飘零的枝叶不是细节，勃发劲挺的嫩笋才是细节；如同大海，鼓胀的泡沫不是细节，纯洁跳跃的波浪才是细节；小说家最苦恼的故事好编，细节难寻，人生何尝不是如此，经历的故事好多好多，但不堪回首的是，留存的细节却很少很少。

Observed typhoon wave spectrum in northern South China Sea

To describe both the way in which a wave spectrum grows and the growth processes of realistic wave conditions,the dependence relationship between the spectrum parameters and wind parameters must be obtained. Based on data measured in 2010 by a Wave Rider buoy,which was deployed in the South China Sea at coordinates 21.89°N,115.13°E,we evaluated the wave spectrum in the sea area when affected by three typhoons:Conson,Chanthu,and Megi. The Joint North Sea Wave Project spectrum was parameterized based on the observed wave spectrum. We proposed a spectrum with three parameters:the dimensionless lowest moment of the spectrum,dimensionless peak frequency,and spectrum width. The relationships between these spectral parameters and the dimensionless fetch were also discussed.

Symmetry Analysis of Barotropic Potential Vorticity Equation

Recently F. Huang [Commun. Theor. Phys. 42 （2004） 903] and X. Tang and P.K. Shukla [Commun. Theor. Phys. 49 （2008） 229] investigated symmetry properties of the barotropic potential vorticity equation without forcing and dissipation on the beta-plane. This equation is governed by two dimensionless parameters, F and β, representing the ratio of the characteristic length scale to the Rossby radius of deformation and the variation of earth＇ angular rotation, respectively. In the present paper it is shown that in the case F ≠ 0 there exists a well-defined point transformation to set β = 0. The classification of one- and two-dimensional Lie subalgebras of the Lie symmetry algebra of the potential vorticity equation is given for the parameter combination F ≠ 0 and β = 0. Based upon this classification, distinct classes of group-invariant solutions are obtained and extended to the case β ≠0.

The Instructional Media for Different Levels in the Philippine Educational System

In the Philippines, the K＋I2 system is newly introduced and the readiness for its implementation undoubtedly made the teaching community confused and confounded. Thus, extra efforts are being done to upgrade and update all instructional materials. Even it＂ the Department of Education are preparing the faculty members through trainings, seminars and providing them with syllabus accompanying the new curriculum, still the confidence for the coming teaching assignments for the additional two years in the system is vet3.＇ Iow~ The faculty members are now strategizing teaching methodology for the subjects they have to handle through upgrading not only their knowledge but also the teaching materials they are to use in their classroom. With the changing environment, the learning style of students also advances. Children are now exposed to various modern gadgets, thus, they learn more advanced knowledge about their environment. These modern medium must be an advantage to the teaching profession. Teachers must know how and what the children learn through these medium and create some learning materials that will augment this knowledge in schools. This study is a partial analysis of the learning style of students in different levels of the educational system and the knowledge they acquire through different modern medium and test the gap between this and the knowledge they must learn in school. Also, this study will come up with what medium can be used as instructional medium that will aid the faculty members in their teaching courses or subjects in school.

Relation Between Dimension and Angular Momentum for Radially Symmetric Potential in N-Dimensional Space

It is proved that when solving SchrSdinger equations for radially symmetric potentials the effect of higher dimensions on the radial wave function is equivalent to the effect of higher angular momenta in lower-dimensional cases. This result is applied to giving solutions for several radially symmetric potentials in N dimensions.

Effects of Pressure Stress Work and Viscous Dissipation in Mixed Convection Flow Along a Vertical Flat Plate

The Effects of pressure stress work and viscous dissipation in mixed convection flow along a vertical fiat plate have been investigated. The results are obtained by transforming the governing system of boundary layer equations into a system of non-dimensional equations and by applying implicit finite difference method together with Newton＇s linearization approximation. Numerical results for different values of pressure stress work parameter, viscous dissipation parameter and Prandtl number have been obtained. The velocity profiles, temperature distributions, skin friction co-efficient and the rate of heat transfer have been presented graphically for the effects of the aforementioned parameters.

The Application of Task-Based Language Teaching to ＂Longman English Interactive＂

Interactive courses are becoming more and more popular today. LEI （Longman English Interactive） is one of them Recently, many teachers in China's Mainland learn to adopt TBLT （task-based language teaching） in these interactive courses including LEI. However, some of them feel confused about how to apply TBLT more effectively in their classes since they may not understand clearly why TBLT is such a ＂matching＂ teaching method for this type of classes. To illustrate this issue, this paper sets LEI as an example. It firstly analyzes the syllabus design of LEI based on the theories of communicative teaching approach, then discusses about why the renowned TBLT is a suitable method to organize the class, and finally exemplifies how TBLT can be fully applied to the course in real classrooms. The objective of this paper is to inspire English teachers to have a better application of TBLT in interactive classes alike.

Natural Convection of Nanofluid in Cylindrical Enclosure Filled with Porous Media

A numerical study has been carried out to investigate the effect of aspect ratio on heat transfer by natural convection of nanofluid taking Cu nano particles and the water as based fluid. The flow is laminar, steady state, axisymmetric two-dimensional in a vertical cylindrical channel filled with porous media. Heat is generated uniformly along the center of the channel with its vertical surface remain with cooled constant wall temperature and insulated horizontal top and bottom surfaces. The governing equations which used are continuity, momentum and energy equations using Darcy law and Boussinesq＇s approximation which are transformed to dimensionless equations. The finite difference approach is used to obtain all the computational results using the MATLAB-7 program. The parameters affected on the system are Rayleigh number ranging within （10≤ Ra ≤ 103）, aspect ratio （1 ≤ As 〈 5） and the volume fraction （0 ≤0 〈 0.2）. The results obtained are presented graphically in the form of streamline and isotherm contour plots and the results show that as ~ increase from 0.01 to 0.2 the value of the mean Nusselt number increase 50.4% for Ra = 1,000.

Flow of a Jeffery-Six Constant Fluid Between Coaxial Cylinders with Heat Transfer Analysis

In the present investigation we have discussed the flow of a Jeffrey-six constant incompressible fluid between two infinite coaxial cylinders in the presence of heat transfer analysis. The governing equations of Jeffrey-six constant fluid along with energy equation have been derived in cylindrical coordinates. The highly nonlinear equations are simplified with the help of non-dimensional parameters and then solved analytically with the help of homotopy analysis method （HAM） for two fundamental flows namely Couette and Generalized Couette flow. The effects of emerging parameters are discussed through graphs. The convergence of the HAM solution has been discussed by plotting h-curves.

The Task-Based Approach： Noticing and Attention Management Tasks to Enhance Written Production

The paper reports the results of a field study which was carried out at the Language Centre of the University of Naples and originated in the observation that learning the Italian language was not perceived by ab initio students as connected to their personal and academic experiences. The claim of this research is that a procedural syllabus based on texts and tasks facilitates both the acquisition of Italian as a foreign language and the integration of language and content. Each text proposed to the learners was accompanied and enhanced by pre-, while-, and production-tasks. A particular emphasis was assigned to noticing and attention management tasks in the pre and while phase Production tasks in a later phase favoured interlanguage development by combining representational structures with controlled attention. The method of the study was a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach at any stage. Measures for written production during the course and to assess final exams were： Holistic Rating （fluency and creativity）, Accuracy Ratios （intelligibility index and error index）, and Complexity Ratios （dependent and coordinate clauses per t-units ratio and re-elaboration of a model or text type）. At the final exams, Texts and tasks learners outperformed non-texts and tasks learners. In conclusion, an input related to personal and/or academic interests, to be processed through tasks, allowed learners a rapid interlanguage change and development

Study on Lag time Model of Fire Plume under a Sloped Ceiling

It is known that there is a lag time for smoke plume induced by fires transporting from a fire origin to the location of interest underneath an unconfined and flat ceiling.This lag behavior of smoke plume also exists for a fire under a sloped ceiling,and is fundamental to estimate the activation time of a fire detector or other fire extinguishing system.This study focuses on the lag time of smoke plume under a sloped ceiling.Based on the weak-plume theory at early-fire phase and previous studies concerning the fire plume characteristics under a sloped ceiling,a calculation method on lag time of fire plume transporting is presented in theory.Meanwhile,two dimensionless equations predicting the lag time of fire plume for steady fire and unsteady fire are proposed respectively.Furthermore,the critical time calculation equation is also proposed to determine the applicability of quasi-steady assumption for a time-dependent fire.