循环流化床半干法脱硫床体建模以及稳床措施研究

循环流化床半干法脱硫工艺技术要求高,建立和稳定流化床是两个关键点,只有做好恰当的流化床设计和配置合理的输送设备,才可保证脱硫系统的稳定高效运行。

用磁稳流化床过滤含尘气体的实验研究

研究磁场强度、气体表观流速比、铁磁性颗粒平均粒径、床层厚度、粉尘在滤料中的积累等因素对除尘效率的影响．结果表明，在磁稳状态，磁稳流化床的过滤效率大于９９％，且随床层厚度的增加和铁磁颗粒粒径的减小而增大．另一方面，随着床内粉尘的积累，磁稳流化床将退出磁稳状态，使过滤效率下降．退出磁稳状态的临界饱和点粉尘量与磁场强度有关，当磁场强度为４３００Ａ／ｍ，临界饱和点粉尘与铁磁颗粒的质量百分比约为６．７％．

300MW循环流化床锅炉两床失稳及翻床的特性分析

分析了300 MW循环流化床锅炉运行中两床失稳及翻床的原因,认为床压过低、过高,一、二次风调节挡板故障,物料循环不畅,两床床温偏差大,两侧给煤不平衡等均可能造成两床失稳甚至翻床。对此,提出了相应的处理办法,经实施效果良好。

超临界单炉膛CFB锅炉床压失稳故障分析

分析了350MW超临界循环流化床机组出现的床压波动现象,通过对一次风量控制逻辑的优化调整,有效地抑制了床压大幅波动,降低了床压失稳故障的发生几率。提出解决床压失稳的根本途径是优化入炉煤的粒径,并通过合理的煤质掺配,改善床料的粒径分布,以获得良好的炉内流化特性。

300MW循环流化床物料失稳问题浅析

循环流化床锅炉是一种新型燃烧方式的锅炉,循环流化床锅炉在燃用劣质煤方面具有极大的优势,文章分析了裤衩腿燃烧室中床料失稳的原因,并对翻床出现后如何解决提出了方法,事实证明只要能提前做好预防措施,就能防止翻床的发生。

300MW CFB锅炉翻床的处理

根据300MW CFB锅炉床压分布的特点,分析了CFB锅炉的翻床现象及原因,提出了可采取的预防措施及翻床后的处理方法,认为对双支腿结构CFB锅炉避免炉膛两侧床料失衡造成翻床是有效的。

模糊—专家控制策略在循环流化床机组中的应用

针对循环流化床锅炉发生床料翻床事故的原因及常规翻床处理方法的不足,提出模糊—专家控制策略,即通过控制一次风支管风门和利用一次风机液力耦合器调节两侧床层风压,实现两侧床料的平衡。当被调量偏差的绝对值超出阀值则系统启动基于规则的专家控制功能;当偏差的绝对值小于阀值时,系统将退出专家控制而激活模糊控制功能。控制策略在300 MW循环流化床机组上应用之后,有效避免了翻床事故的发生。

磁场流态化技术的研究及其应用

本文综述了一种新型的流-固相处理技术──磁场流态化技术的基础研究和应用研究；着重介绍了磁场流态化的发展历史，磁场对流态化行为的影响，磁稳床的传质及传热特性，磁场流态化技术的理论研究；在应用研究方面重点介绍了其在粉体输送、稀有矿物分离、废气除尘和强化化学反应等领域的应用。

Fluidization characteristics of magnetic particles and determination of stable fluidization zone in magnetically fluidized bed

To determine and calculate the stable fluidization zone in a magnetically fluidized bed, the fluidization characteristics of magnetic particles are investigated. Four kinds of magnetic particles with different average diameters, ranging from 231 to 512 μm, are fluidized in the presence of magnetic fields with specified values of the intensity in the range of zero to 7330 A/m, and the particle fluidization curves are plotted. For marking the stable fluidization zone in the curves, the minimum bubbling velocities of particles are measured by the pressure-drop fluctuation. Based on the fluidization curves, the influences of the average particle diameter and magnetic field intensity on the zone are analyzed and discussed. A correlation to determine the stable fluidization zone is derived from the experimental data, using three dimensionless numbers, i. e., the ratio of magnetic potential to gravity potential, the Reynolds number and the Archimedes number. Compared with available data reported, it is shown that the correlation is more simplified to predict relative parameters for the bed operating in the state of stable fluidization under reasonable conditions.

Axial Liquid Dispersion Characteristics in Magnetically Stabilized Bed

Axial liquid dispersion was experimentally studied in liquid-solid and gas-liquid-solid magnetically stabilized beds using the ferromagnetic catalyst of SRNA-4 as the solid phase. The effects of operating factors and fluid characters, such as superficial liquid velocity, superficial gas velocity, magnetic field intensity, liquid viscosity and surface tension, on axial dispersion coefficients of liquid were investigated. The dispersion coefficients increased with the increase of superficial liquid velocity and superficial gas velocity, and decreased with the increase of liquid viscosity, liquid surface tension and magnetic field intensity. A correlation equation of Peclet number was obtained for both liquid-solid and gas-liquid-solid magnetically stabilized bed.

新平县曼蚌河滑坡型泥石流特征及治理

曼蚌河是地处新平县腰街镇的一条老泥石流沟,属红河二级支流,在2001年以前的近50年间未暴发过泥石流。2000年在中游芭蕉箐支沟源头一带发育一大滑坡,活动后形成滑坡型泥石流,阻塞主沟溃决形成主沟泥石流危害下游。其形成及活动过程非常复杂,支沟为滑坡型粘性泥石流,龙头高近20m,有气垫效应产生。通过勘察、量测,查明了该沟滑坡型泥石流的发育、活动特征及形成机理等。通过3方案比选优化最终确定了"拦挡、排导为主,辅以稳坡固床"的泥石流防治方案。

Motion behavior of particles in air-solid magnetically stabilized fluidized beds for separation

In order to study the settling mechanism of particles in an air-solid magnetically stabilized fluidized bed(MSFB) for separation,we carried out free settling and quasi-zero settling tests on the tracing particles.The results show that the main resistance forces as the tracing particles settled in an air-solid MSFB were motion resistance force and yield force.The motion resistance and yield forces greatly hindered the free settling of the particles by greatly decreasing the acceleration for settling process of the particles.The acceleration decreased from 3022.62 cm/s 2 to zero in 0.1 s,and in the end,the particles stopped in the air-solid MSFB.The yield force on particles increased with increasing the magnetic field intensity,resulting in decrease of the quasi-zero settling displacement.However,the yield force on particles decreased with increasing the fluidized air velocity,leading to increase of the quasi-zero settling displacement.When the structure and operating parameters of the air-solid MSFB were set up,the yield stress on particles stopped in an air-solid MSFB was a function of diameter and density of particles.The settling displacements of equal diameter particles increased with increasing their densities,and the settling displacements of equal density particles increased with increasing their diameters.

Advances in Application of New Catalytic Materials in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemicals Production

This article introduces the solid acid catalyst for isobutene/butylenes alkylation, the HTS Ti/Si zeolite for ammonoxidation of cyclohexanone and the noncrystalline alloy catalyst and magnetically stabi- lized bed for hydrofining of caprolactam that were developed recently by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP).

Strength and deformation behaviors of bedded rock mass under bolt reinforcement

The mechanism of bolt support is an important topic in mining engineering and slope treatment. The artificial material and loading system were self-developed to study the influence of bedding cohesion and bolt number on the anchoring behavior of bedded rock mass. The results show that, both peak strength and elasticity modulus increase gradually with the increase of bedding cohesion and bolt number. The axial stress–strain curve of bedded rock mass under the reinforcement of bolts presents the features of strain-softening and secondary strengthening. Finally, anchoring behavior of bedded rock mass with different bolt numbers was simulated by using FLAC3 D numerical program and the results were compared with the experimental results. This study can provide certain bases to the stability control and support design of bedded rock mass in roadway.

Concomitant acute myocardial infarction and descending thoracic aorta penetrating ulcer

Acute coronary syndrome （ACS） refers to a spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from unstable angina to non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （NSTEMI） to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI）. Aortic dissection, intramural hematoma and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer （PAU） are three major acute aortic syndromes （AAS）.

Endoscopic and clinicopathologic characteristics of early gastric cancer with high microsatellite instability

AIM： To investigate endoscopic and clinicopathologic characteristics of early gastric cancer （EGC） according to microsatellite instability phenotype. METHODS： Data were retrospectively collected from a single tertiary referral center. Of 981 EGC patients surgically treated between December 2003 and October 2007, 73 consecutive EGC patients with two or more microsatellite instability （MSI） mutation [high MSI （MSI-H）] and 146 consecutive EGC patients with one or no MSI mutation （non-MSI-H） were selected. The endoscopic and clinicopathologic features were compared between the MSI-H and non-MSI-H EGC groups.RESULTS： In terms of endoscopic characteristics, MSI-H EGCs more frequently presented with elevated pattern （OR 4.38, 95% Cl： 2.40-8.01, P 〈 0.001）, moderate- to-severe atrophy in the surrounding mucosa （OR 1.91, 95% CI： 1.05-3.47, P = 0.033）, antral location （OR 3.99, 95% CI： 2.12-7.52, P 〈 0.001） and synchronous le- sions, compared to non-MSI-H EGCs （OR 2.65, 95% CI： 1.16-6.07, P = 0.021）. Other significant clinicopatholog- ic characteristics of MSI-H EGC included predominance of female sex （OR 2.77, 95% CI： 1.53-4.99, P 〈 0.001）, older age （〉 70 years） （OR 3.30, 95% CI： 1.57-6.92, P = 0.002）, better histologic differentiation （OR 2.35, 95% Cl： 1.27-4.34, P = 0.007）, intestinal type by Lau- ren classification （OR 2.34, 95% CI： 1.15-4.76, P = 0.019）, absence of a signet ring cell component （OR 2.44, 95% CI： 1.02-5.86, P = 0.046）, presence of mu- cinous component （OR 5.06, 95% Cl： 1.27-20.17, P = 0.022）, moderate-to-severe lymphoid stromal reaction （OR 3.95, 95% CI： 1.59-9.80, P = 0.003）, and co-exist- ing underlying adenoma （OR 2.66, 95% CI： 1.43-4.95, P = 0.002）. CONCLUSION： MSI-H EGC is associated with unique endoscopic and clinicopathologic characteristics includ- ing frequent presentation in protruded type, co-exist- ing underlying adenoma, and synchronous lesions.

Perspective Plant Species for Stabilization of Sand Dunes on the Exposed Aral Sea Bed

A new salty and sandy desert of ca 5 million ha has emerged on the exposed Aral Sea bed. Every year, 170-200 tons of salt and dust rise into the air and fall on the territory of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. A number of experiments have been cond.ucted in order to study the salt tolerance of plants and select drought- and salt-resistant plant species, which show a wide ecological range, to fix quick-sand dunes on the exposed Aral Sea bed. Among the studied species of Calligonum genus C. caput-medusae Schrenk was the most resistant to the saline solution. At the end of the vegetation experiment, the survivability of individuals constituted 44.1% at the concentration of 1.0% of sodium chloride. Artemisiaferganensis Krasch. ex Poljak. and Salsola richteri （Moq.） Kar. ex Litv. showed a good resistance to the concentration of saline solution as high as 150 ram, at which no dried plants were recorded. As the concentration grew to 300 mM, the survivability of Artemisiaferganensis dropped to 40.0% while 66.7 Salsola richteri individuals were developing successfully. An almost similar result was obtained during the experiment on Nitraria schoberi L.. The survivability ofKrascheninnikovia ewersmanniana （Stschegl. ex Losinsk.） Grub. individuals significantly decreased at the concentration of 200 mm （33.4%）, while for Agropyron cristatum the concentration of 300 mm was threshold, at which the survivability of individuals was below 3.3%. The most resistant to the deflation of sands on the exposed bed were Salsola richteri and Calligonum caput-medusae, whose survivability on the sandy dunes was 17%-41%.

Study on fluid inclusions of Qiangsheng gold deposit in Fushun of Liaoning

The Qiangsheng gold deposit belongs to quartz vein type. The fluid inclusions consist of four types： aqueous single-phase inclusions, aqueous two-phase inclusions, carbonated two-phase inclusions and carbona- ted three-phase inclusions. The fluid inclusions are characterized by low salinity （5%-9% NaCl eqv） , low density （0.66-0.72 g/cm^3 ） and medium temperature （210℃-250℃）. The pressure of ore-forming is 60-95 MPa and the metallogenic depth is about 5.49-7.56 km. During the mineralizing process, ore-forming fluid under- went fluid unmixing in CO2-H2O-NaCl system. The stable isotope resuhs indicate that the ore-forming fluids mainly generated from mantle, with the participation of a small amount of atmospheric water. Comprehensive studies have suggested that Qiangsheng gold deposit belongs to the type of mesothermal hydrotherm with mantlederived fluid participating in mineralization.

Amorphous Alloy and Magnetic Stabilization Bed

Sponsored by NSFC, a research team led by Prof. Enze Min (CAS Member) from Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, through 20 years' effort, settled the puzzled grave issue that amorphous alloy material has small specific surface area and low thermal stability. At the same time, they developed magnetic stabilization bed. Their innovation in catalyst and reaction process and in their project - 'catalytic chemistry

Highly selective and stable hydrogenation of heavy aromatic-naphthalene over transition metal phosphides

The present study reports a highly selective and stable catalytic approach for producing tetralin, an important chemical, solvent, and H2 storage material. Transition metal phosphides （MOP, Ni2P, Co2P, and Fe2P） were prepared by wet impregnation and temperature-programmed reduction and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, EDX mapping, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, brunauer-emmett- teller （BET）, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia （NH3-TPD）, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of pyridine （pyridine-FTIR）. Of all the transition metal phosphides MoP was formed at a lower reduction temperature, which resuited in smaller particle size that enhanced the overall surface area of the catalyst. The existence of weak, moderate, and Lewis acidic sites over MoP were responsible for its high tetralin selectivity （90%） and stability during the 100 h reaction on-stream in a fixed-bed reactor.