水稻白叶枯病和条斑病的流行与预测（综述）

水稻白叶枯病和条斑病都是由风雨、流水作中短程距离传播的地区性流行民可随种子调运而在洲际传播。水稻白叶枯病在世界各大稻区均有发生，主要在亚太地区，可分为亚太流行区，西非流行区和中北美洲新病区。在中国，按耕作制度和病情可分为华南全年流行区，江淮中度流行区和北方短期流行区３个区域。稻条斑病仅在亚洲稻区发生，国内主要发生在籼稻，杂交稻，已从两广逐渐向北扩展到江淮流域。影响水稻白叶枯病发生流行的因素很多。

搞好稻种处理 预防种传病害

近年来由于部分群众自由串换稻种，检疫不严，未坚持播前消毒处理，致使稻恶苗病、稻粒黑粉病、稻干尖线虫病、稻细菌性条斑病等种传病害出现回升、蔓延的趋势。对种传病害的防治，现阶段唯一有效的办法是，在播前进行稻种消毒处理。否则将带菌的稻种播下后就无法挽救，只好任其发病、减产、失收。困此重提稻种播前消毒处理，很有现实意义。稻种在消毒处理前，一般要先晒１至３天，不仅促使种籽发芽，还可促使病菌萌动，以利杀菌。再用筛簸、泥水搅拌、盐水浸泡等办法选种．除去秕谷和部分病菌，然后进行消毒处理。可根据不同的病原（真菌、细菌、线虫性等）及病源（种内、外、颖部等），选用不同的药剂和方法进行消毒处理。有的进行一种处理。

Advance in Rice Bacterial Leaf Streak Researches

Rice bacterial leaf streak,caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola,is an important bacterial disease in rice-planting areas in South China and Southeast Asian countries.It occurs every year in local areas.This paper reviews the research advance in the occurrence and harms of rice bacterial leaf streak in China,classification of Xanthomonas oryzae and infection characteristics,pathogenic factors and pathogenicity of rice bacterial leaf streak and breeding of bacterial leaf streakresistance rice cultivars.Some issues involved in occurrence and control of rice bacterial leaf streak were presented,and the areas on which the future studies might be focused were discussed.