Population genetic structure was studied in paddyfield warblers Acrocephalus agricola breeding in NE Bulgaria, SE Russia and S Kazakhstan. We were particularly interested in the degree of genetic differentiation and g...Population genetic structure was studied in paddyfield warblers Acrocephalus agricola breeding in NE Bulgaria, SE Russia and S Kazakhstan. We were particularly interested in the degree of genetic differentiation and gene flow of the Bulgarian population due to its geographical isolation, recent origin and unique migratory strategy. Analyses of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） showed that there was no divergence between Bulgarian and Russian populations （FsT = 0.007）, whereas those in Ka- zakhstan differed significantly from the European breeding populations （Russia： FsT = 0.058; Bulgaria： FsT = 0.114）. The degree of differentiation between populations at nuclear markers （five microsatellite loci; FsT ~ 0） was weaker than for mtDNA. We suggest that this relatively weak differentiation over the range of this species reflects a recent postglacial expansion, and results from mismatch distribution analyses and Fu＇s Fs tests are in agreement. Preservation of small and geographically isolated popula- tions which may contain individuals with unique adaptive traits, such as the studied Bulgarian population of paddyfield warbler, is valuable for the long-term conservation of expanding migratory bird species展开更多
Land use changes affect belowground ecosystems.During the past few decades,land use in Northeast China has changed considerably,and the area of paddy fields has increased rapidly from upland.In this study,soil charact...Land use changes affect belowground ecosystems.During the past few decades,land use in Northeast China has changed considerably,and the area of paddy fields has increased rapidly from upland.In this study,soil characteristics and soil biotic community in paddy fields with different years of rice cultivation were measured to examine the effects of land use change from upland to paddy fields on soil micro-food web.The upland maize fields were selected as control and the microbial community composition was characterized using phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs) analysis.The microbial biomass(total PLFA),bacteria biomass,and fungi biomass were higher in the 20-40-year(late-stage) than 1-10-year(early-stage) paddy fields.The abundances of total nematodes and bacterivores were lower in the early-stage than late-stage paddy fields.The abundance of herbivores was the highest in the early-stage paddy fields but that of omnivore-predators was the highest in the late-stage paddy fields.Structural equation model indicated that soil food web was developed and structured after 20 years of paddy cultivation.Our results suggested that soil micro-food web may be a good indicator for soil development and stabilization of paddy fields following land use change.展开更多
基金Acknowledgements The present study was funded by European Science Foundation, ConGen program （travel grant 1150） and partly funded by FP7 Capacities project WET- LANET （PZ）. Laboratory analyses were supported by grants from Lunds Djurskyddsfond and the Swedish Research Council （BH, SB）.
文摘Population genetic structure was studied in paddyfield warblers Acrocephalus agricola breeding in NE Bulgaria, SE Russia and S Kazakhstan. We were particularly interested in the degree of genetic differentiation and gene flow of the Bulgarian population due to its geographical isolation, recent origin and unique migratory strategy. Analyses of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） showed that there was no divergence between Bulgarian and Russian populations （FsT = 0.007）, whereas those in Ka- zakhstan differed significantly from the European breeding populations （Russia： FsT = 0.058; Bulgaria： FsT = 0.114）. The degree of differentiation between populations at nuclear markers （five microsatellite loci; FsT ~ 0） was weaker than for mtDNA. We suggest that this relatively weak differentiation over the range of this species reflects a recent postglacial expansion, and results from mismatch distribution analyses and Fu＇s Fs tests are in agreement. Preservation of small and geographically isolated popula- tions which may contain individuals with unique adaptive traits, such as the studied Bulgarian population of paddyfield warbler, is valuable for the long-term conservation of expanding migratory bird species
基金supported by the National Key Research & Development(R&D) Plan of China(No. 2016YFD0300204)the National Basic Research Program(973 Program) of China(No.2011CB100504)
文摘Land use changes affect belowground ecosystems.During the past few decades,land use in Northeast China has changed considerably,and the area of paddy fields has increased rapidly from upland.In this study,soil characteristics and soil biotic community in paddy fields with different years of rice cultivation were measured to examine the effects of land use change from upland to paddy fields on soil micro-food web.The upland maize fields were selected as control and the microbial community composition was characterized using phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs) analysis.The microbial biomass(total PLFA),bacteria biomass,and fungi biomass were higher in the 20-40-year(late-stage) than 1-10-year(early-stage) paddy fields.The abundances of total nematodes and bacterivores were lower in the early-stage than late-stage paddy fields.The abundance of herbivores was the highest in the early-stage paddy fields but that of omnivore-predators was the highest in the late-stage paddy fields.Structural equation model indicated that soil food web was developed and structured after 20 years of paddy cultivation.Our results suggested that soil micro-food web may be a good indicator for soil development and stabilization of paddy fields following land use change.
