浅析隆安“那”文化——以稻神祭习俗为例

隆安壮族有漫长的稻作耕种历史,伴随着稻作耕种文化孕育而生的稻神祭习俗对当地的壮族人民产生了深刻的影响。从稻神祭习俗可窥探到隆安壮族稻作文化的内核,即极具特色的"那"文化的产生与发展。探析稻神祭的发展轨迹对隆安"那"文化这个非物质文化遗产的传承与保护有很大的推动作用。

Identification of rice seed varieties using neural network

A digital image analysis algorithm based color and morphological features was developed to identify the six varieties （ey7954, syz3, xsl 1, xy5968, xy9308, z903） rice seeds which are widely planted in Zhejiang Province. Seven color and fourteen morphological features were used for discriminant analysis, Two hundred and forty kernels used as the training data set and sixty kernels as the test data set in the neural network used to identify rice seed varieties. When the model was tested on the test data set, the identification accuracies were 90.00%, 88.00%, 95.00%, 82.00%, 74.00%, 80.00% for ey7954, syz3, xsl1, xy5968, xy9308, z903 respectively.

论日本稻魂信仰的渊源——以“技术”和“巫术”的区别为视角

摘刀摘取的糯稻保留着稻魂,而镰刀割取的粳稻和籼稻则没有稻魂。——结合保存在贵州传统稻作村寨的这一古老习俗,可知日本的稻魂信仰始于公元前10世纪同时出土了石制摘刀和石镰的菜畑遗址。古日语称“闪电”为“INABIKARI”,汉字作“稻光”或“稻魂”,而闪电似蛇形。由是观之,日本人所理解的“稻魂”源于天上的蛇神化身为闪电与地上水稻的交合,其本体是蛇神的精液。稻魂是稻米的始源,所以人们需要通过“标绳”和“千木”来模拟蛇神交合,保证稻谷丰收。古日语中亦有“稻神”一词,称作“SA”,本义“箭矢”,而“箭矢”在日本传统文化中被视为蛇的化身。这就说明稻魂与稻神实为一体,只是强调重点不同。稻神即蛇神,而稻魂则侧重蛇神与稻的交合,专指孕育出稻米的生命之魂。