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三氯吡氧乙酸、氯氟吡氧乙酸、2甲4氯和草甘膦对葎草的防除活性比较 被引量:5
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作者 徐宇宽 陈国奇 +1 位作者 张琳 霍中洋 《植物保护》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第4期253-257,共5页
本文通过温室整株生物测定法比较研究了三氯吡氧乙酸、氯氟吡氧乙酸、2甲4氯钠和草甘膦异丙胺盐4种常用于水稻、小麦种植区防控大龄阔叶杂草的茎叶处理除草剂对6~8叶期葎草Humulus scandens的防除活性。结果表明,在210 g/hm^2剂量下,三... 本文通过温室整株生物测定法比较研究了三氯吡氧乙酸、氯氟吡氧乙酸、2甲4氯钠和草甘膦异丙胺盐4种常用于水稻、小麦种植区防控大龄阔叶杂草的茎叶处理除草剂对6~8叶期葎草Humulus scandens的防除活性。结果表明,在210 g/hm^2剂量下,三氯吡氧乙酸和氯氟吡氧乙酸可完全杀灭供试葎草植株,在420 g/hm^2剂量下,2甲4氯钠对葎草的鲜重抑制率达到95.25%,而草甘膦异丙胺盐840 g/hm^2剂量处理对葎草的鲜重抑制率仍不足80%。进一步通过Logistic曲线模型分析除草剂对葎草鲜重抑制率达到50%和90%的剂量(GR 50和GR 90剂量)发现,三氯吡氧乙酸、氯氟吡氧乙酸、2甲4氯钠和草甘膦异丙胺盐相应的GR 50分别为58.74、76.96、182.52和272.82 g/hm^2;GR 90分别为143.97、202.83、678.27和2980.11 g/hm^2。结论:对于水稻、小麦种植区葎草危害,优先推荐使用三氯吡氧乙酸防除,其次是氯氟吡氧乙酸;使用2甲4氯防控效果不够理想,使用草甘膦无法有效控制。 展开更多
关键词 葎草 剂量反应曲线 整株生物测定 内吸传导型除草剂 稻麦种植区
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Recent Trends and Recommendations for Nitrogen Fertilization in Intensive Agriculture in Eastern China 被引量:55
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作者 M.ROELCKE HANYong +4 位作者 K.H.SCHLEEF ZHUJian-Guo LIUGang CAIZu-Cong J.RICHTER 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第4期449-460,共12页
The Taihu Region in eastern China is one of China's most intensive agricultural regions and also one of the economically most developed areas. High nitrogen balance surpluses in the summer rice-winter wheat double... The Taihu Region in eastern China is one of China's most intensive agricultural regions and also one of the economically most developed areas. High nitrogen balance surpluses in the summer rice-winter wheat double-cropping systems are leading to large-scale non-point source pollution of aquifers. In an interdisciplinary approach, four-year (1995-1998) field trials were carried out in two representative areas (Jurong County and Wuxi City) of the Taihu Region. Five farmers' field sites were chosen in each of the 2 locations, with each site divided into 'standard' (farmers' practice) and 'reduced' (by 30%-40%) N fertilization. For both fertilization intensities, N balance surpluses and monetary returns from grain sales minus fertilizer expenditures were calculated in an economic assessment. Based on the field trials, the mineral N fertilizer application rates reduced by about 10% for rice and 20%-30% for wheat were recommended in 1999. Since 1999, the research focused on the trends in N fertilizer application rates and changes in grain and agricultural commodities prices.Summer rice N fertilizer use, in Wuxi City as of 2001, dropped by roughly 25%, while for winter wheat it decreased by 10%-20%, compared to the 1995-1998 period. This has been achieved not only by grain policy and price changes, but also by an increased environmental awareness from government officials. Nitrogen balance surpluses in Anzhen Town (of Wuxi City) have consequently diminished by 50%-75% in rice and by up to 40% in wheat, with reductions being achieved without concomitant decreases in physical grain yields or returns from sales minus fertilizer costs. 展开更多
关键词 agro-economy N fertilization non-point source pollution rice-wheatrotation Taihu Region
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