穿越火山灰之旅

2010年4月,我联系了一个到丹麦的采访机会。夜晚,我们一行到浦东机场办登机牌。卡塔尔航空说：＂冰岛火山喷发,影响欧洲航线,去哥本哈根的航班取消了。你们回去吧!＂我一愣,从来没有想到过火山灰蔓延会这么可怕。前一天,冰岛埃亚菲亚德拉冰盖冰川下的火山开始喷发。随着火山灰的扩散,欧洲多国领空管制。但我们没有放弃,一直在柜台交涉,看看有没有其他线路。过一会儿,卡塔尔航空说,让你们飞雅典。希腊雅典总归在欧洲。

Driving Factors for Forest Fire Occurrence in Durango State of Mexico:A Geospatial Perspective

Forest fire is one of the major causes of forest loss and therefore one of the main constraints for sustainable forest management worldwide.Identifying the driving factors and understanding the contribution of each factor are essential for the management of forest fire occurrence.The objective of this study is to identify variables that are spatially related to the occurrence and incidence of the forest fire in the State of Durango,Mexico.For this purpose,data from forest fire records for a five-year period were analyzed.The spatial correlations between forest fire occurrence and intensity of land use,susceptibility of vegetation,temperature,precipitation and slope were tested by Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR) method,under an Ordinary Least Square estimator.Results show that the spatial pattern of the forest fire in the study area is closely correlated with the intensity of land use,and land use change is one of the main explanatory variables.In addition,vegetation type and precipitation are also the main driving factors.The fitting model indicates obvious link between the variables.Forest fire was found to be the consequence of a particular combination of the environmental factors,and when these factors coexist with human activities,there is high probability of forest fire occurrence.Mandatory regulation of human activities is a key strategy for forest fire prevention.

Biological Autonomy

We argue that genuine biological autonomy, or described at human level as free will, requires taking into account quantum vacuum processes in the context of biological teleology. One faces at least three basic problems of genuine biological autonomy： （1） if biological autonomy is not physical, where does it come from？ （2） Is there a room for biological causes？ And （3） how to obtain a workable model of biological teleology？ It is shown here that the solution of all these three problems is related to the quantum vacuum. We present a short review of how this basic aspect of the fundamentals of quantum theory, although it had not been addressed for nearly 100 years, actually it was suggested by Bohr, Heisenberg, and others. Realizing that the quantum mechanical measurement problem associated with the ＂collapse＂ of the wave function is related, in the Copenhagen Interpretation of quantum mechanics, to a process between self-consciousness and the external physical environment, we are extending the issue for an explanation of the different processes occurring between living organisms and their internal environment. Definitions of genuine biological autonomy, biological aim, and biological spontaneity are presented. We propose to improve the popular two-stage model of decisions with a biological model suitable to obtain a deeper look at the nature of the mind-body problem. In the newly emerging picture biological autonomy emerges as a new, fundamental and inevitable element of the scientific worldview.

Drought and Spatiotemporal Variability of Forest Fires Across Mexico

Understanding the spatiotemporal links between drought and forest fire occurrence is crucial for improving decision-making in fire management under current and future climatic conditions. We quantified forest fire activity in Mexico using georeferenced fire records for the period of 2005–2015 and examined its spatial and temporal relationships with a multiscalar drought index, the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI). A total of 47975 fire counts were recorded in the 11-year long study period, with the peak in fire frequency occurring in 2011. We identified four fire clusters, i.e., regions where there is a high density of fire records in Mexico using the Getis-Ord G spatial statistic. Then, we examined fire frequency data in the clustered regions and assessed how fire activity related to the SPEI for the entire study period and also for the year 2011. Associations between the SPEI and fire frequency varied across Mexico and fire-SPEI relationships also varied across the months of major fire occurrence and related SPEI temporal scales. In particular, in the two fire clusters located in northern Mexico(Chihuahua, northern Baja California), drier conditions over the previous 5 months triggered fire occurrence. In contrast, we did not observe a significant relationship between drought severity and fire frequency in the central Mexico cluster, which exhibited the highest fire frequency. We also found moderate fire-drought associations in the cluster situated in the tropical southern Chiapas where agriculture activities are the main causes of forest fire occurrence. These results are useful for improving our understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns of fire occurrence as related to drought severity in megadiverse countries hosting many forest types as Mexico.

Reciprocal Effects of Plant-Soil Relationships at Two Spatial Scales in a Semiarid Land of Central Mexico

We studied the influence of soil heterogeneity on plant community structure in a semiarid region of Central Mexico using Bray-Curtis Ordination. The results showed that some edaphic factors, such as soil depth, organic matter, and potassium and calcium content, explained 80% of the total variation in structure of the studied communities. We found that soil resources were heterogeneously distributed in the study area, indicating that the edaphic variables considered in this study explain the existing plant community variability, moreover the presence of some shrubs as Krameria cytisoides influences the soil properties, suggesting that there is a reciprocal effect between plant and soil.

Ambient Air Particulate PM2.5 Concentrations and Identification of Source Categories at Chihuahua, Mexico

Suspended particles in the air are pollutants formed by diverse materials and sizes. As determined in multiple studies, particulate matter equal to or less than 2.5 μrn also called breathable fraction is the one that penetrates the inferior respiratory system. The present study shows the results of a sampling campaign of particulate matter PM25 through 12 months at 3 sites： C33 （Clinic 33）, CIM （CIMAV） and A VA （Avalos） at Chihuahua, Mexico. The aim of this study was to determine the temporary concentrations of PM25, the concentration of metallic elements： Al, As, Co, Cu, Sb, Se, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, as well as their possible sources. The three sites had the same trend in the time, where in autumn and winter the higher concentrations were found. The yearly averages on sites C33, CIM, and AVA were 9.91, 12.74 and 21.67 μg·m^-3, respectively, finding that AVA site overpasses the standard of 15 μg·m^-3. The application of factor analysis to the data allowed to identify four source categories： crustal, related with Al-Co-Fe-Mg-Mn, vehicular, related with： As-Cu-Sb-Se; mixed, related with： As-Cu-Sb-Se-Pb-Zn and industrial related with Ni-Pb.

Social spatial changes： Booster for a new regional policy——The event of Silao and Romita counties in Guanajuato Mexico

Today, one of the most important phenomenons is the movement of Capital and the expansion of its investments, as well as the use of resources worldwide. The movement of Capital, is changing the local space and the territories, because is not a homogeneous process; they are not in the same way and rhythm, this is because they don＇t get in the same way to global dynamics. The reorganization of the world, because the movements in Capital is a challenge, that is why, the analysis of regions demand new and different views, to boost regional development. We can tell that since a long time ago, had been developing theories and proposals not good enough, for this reason we must think to generate new proposals. The goal of this paper, is to expose the social and territorial changes in Silao and Romita Counties in the state of Guanajuato Mexico, as a result of the relocation of economic activities that lead us to start a new regional policy, that gives more satisfactory results and think about a regional policy that could reflex about territorial development focuses, specially for a public policy.

Transformation of the Religious Spatiality in Yucatan： A Look From a Contemporary Perspective

Social transformations have been changed in thinking and observable current religious institutions in contemporary architectural manifestations. Likewise, observed these changes in religious buildings of the past, they were current and contemporary in its own time, which has allowed them to remain in force in its architectural spatiality and its urban relationships, serving as the historical bridge 1;hat allows analyzing the contemporary perspective in Mexico and particularly in Yucatan. The goal of this paper is to carry out a contemporary look to the interior and exterior of the temples in Yucatan colonial architecture to establish the process of change and permanence of spatiality and volumes that have allowed liturgy procedures as well as the way of approach to the sacredness of the Catholic communities from the colonial period to the present day. On the other hand, interest to establish, in particular, as the colonials religious buildings have been maintained in force and have appreciated for religious service to continue and in some cases, as they have given other kinds of services while maintaining its primordial spatiality.

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Phlebotomine Sand Flies （Diptera： Psychodidae） in a Focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Foum Jamaa （Azilal, Atlas of Morocco）

An entomological survey of Phlebotomine sand flies （Diptera： Psychodidae） was carried out in three sectors of Foum Jamgta region （province of Azilal, Morocco） during the year 2010. Morphological identification was performed on a total of 1,152 sand flies （23% females and 77% males） collected by sticky paper traps. 80% of the total collected flies were identified as Phlebotomus （Paraphlebotomus） sergenti （Parrot） （57%） and Phlebotomus （Larroussius） longicuspis （Nitzulescu） （23%）. In addition to these dominant species, four other species were found, Phlebotomus （Phlebotomus） papatasi （Scopoli）, Sergentomyia （Sergentomyia） minuta （Rondani）, Phlebotomus （Larroussius） perniciosus （Newstead） and Phlebotomus （Paraphlebotomus） chabaudi （Croset）. Overall, the population dynamics show a yearly bimodal pattern related to rainfall and temperature, and with high density around human dwellings. The spatiotemporal distribution of sand fly species was helpful to discuss strategies that might be useful in controlling cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in this endemic focus.

Architectural and Urban Communication in Social Identity： The Case Study of Agadir Morocco： From Colonial Preponderance to Renaissance Which Social Identity？

This paper proposes the architectural communication as a socio-spatial identification, and a channel for the politico-patrimonial dialogue in a determined territory which is in this case the south Moroccan city of Agadir. By analyzing Agadir＇s urbanistic and architectural content thorough ages, we find ourselves involved in an enthralling and passionate debate concerning two important aspects. The first is the historical temporality of the city＇s architectural and urbanistic changes. In other words, it is the different architectural transformation related to the political transmutations that Agadir has witnessed since the Portugal settlement until the after earthquake of 1960. While the second is about the perception toward the architectural oeuvre deeply settled in the territory and the memory of the city＇s designers. This aspect is linked to the society＇s perception toward the architectural-urban transformations in their territory. In our paper, we are going to focus on two major architectural and urbanistic ages in the history of Agadir. The first period we are going to approach is the architectural and urbanistic features of Agadir during French settlement. The second period is Agadir＇s architectural renaissance after 1960s earthquakes. Since the core of our study is the architectural acts, it is definitely a matter of interpretation related to the philosophical, mental and ideological representation of the city＇s architecture and urbanism either by those who artistically invented Agadir during colonialism or those who reinvented Agadir after 1960s earthquakes. Do urbanism and architecture represent for Agadir, a power, a doctrine or a savoir-faire？ Can we affirm that Agadir＇s architecture is truly reflecting the image of its society？ Is this society in itself immersed sufficiently in its architecture？ Several hypotheses are possible in this research. Nevertheless, the fact that in this paper we use communication as a vehicle to establish a dialogue between arts, politics and socio-ideologic and territorial governance makes us recognize the different bridging relationships between the architectural action, the political and urbanistic content represented in the architectural expression. It also helps us to discover and analyze the ideologies that lead the architects during their conception. Finally, is this architecture which normally must represent the society in tempo-spatial territory admitted by the local citizens？ All these are lines of research we are going to shed light on in this paper.

威海对韩出口贸易“一枝独秀”

作为中韩自贸区地方经济合作示范区,威海市对韩贸易持续发展。据海关统计,今年1至4月份,威海市对韩进出口贸易额16.1亿美元,其中出口达9.2亿美元,同比增长1.6%。随着中韩自贸协定的签订,特别是威海市和仁川自由经济区被选定为中韩自贸区地方经济合作示范区后,威海市与韩国的贸易往来日益密切,在整体经济形势低迷的情况下,中韩FTA释放的红利让威海市对韩出口贸易一枝独秀。今年1-4月份。

我心飞翔 见证百年——东航山东分公司举办纪念“人类动力飞行一百周年”活动

2003年12月17日,东航山东分公司青岛飞往成都的MU5467航班上,客舱里张贴了各种各样的飞机图案,在鲜花的衬托下,充满了节日的喜庆气氛。当旅客就座后,一曲悠扬的萨克斯从容舱传来,旅客们好奇地看着一位英俊的"空哥"

空乘依旧走红

空乘,历来被上海人看好,近几年更是火爆。今年各家航空公司招收空乘员的消息开始频繁地出现在各种媒体上,除了国内的上航、东航外,德国的汉莎、英国的维珍以及日本航空等外国知名航空企业也开始大张旗鼓地在上海招兵买马,其中不少公司还放低门槛儿,这让不少年轻人动心。空乘,成了上海职场一个持久的亮点。

国航空姐走秀迎“休博”

一场名为"大手拉小手,共迎休博会"的舞台秀在杭州吴山广场上演,来自国航浙江分公司的空中乘务员们和杭州电视台少儿艺术团的小模特们走在一起,为观众表演了精彩的"走秀"活动,这是国航浙江分公司为迎接在杭州召开的2006世界休闲博览会而联合杭州电视台少儿频道共同推出的一次公益宣传。

黑龙江北开职业技术学院(北京校区)

重点专业介绍空姐空哥软件开发生物工程节目主持人航空服务专业(空姐、空哥)我院自1998年在国内首开航空乘务大专班,几年来我院培养了近2000名航空乘务专业和海乘专业毕业生,就业率达98.7%。其中我院99级航空乘务专业学生宋微、刘茹、李冬梅分别被航空公司评为“厦门航空公司形象代言人”、“四川航空公司形象代言人”、和“全国民航用户满意服务明星”的称号。计算机应用专业(计算机软件开发)

Temporal-spatial segregation among hummingbirds foraging on honeydew in a temperate forest in Mexico

Spatial and temporal variation in interactions between hummingbirds and plants have often been examined, and hummingbirds and insects are known to indirectly interact in networks of nectar plants. In a highland temperate forest in Hidalgo, Mexico some oak trees were heavily infested by honeydew-producing insects （family Margarodidae, tribe Xylococcini, genus Strigmacoccus） and the honeydew was consumed by hummingbirds. Here using survival analysis we investigate how the honey- dew produced by dense populations of these margarodids is temporally and spatially partitioned by hummingbirds. We also measured the availability and quality of honeydew exudates, and then we recorded the time until a bird visited and used such re- sources. Four hummingbird species consumed this resource （Atthis eloisa, Hylocharis leucotis, Colibri thalassinus and Eugenes fulgens）. Data from 294 hours of observation on seven focal trees suggested temporal and spatial segregation among visiting birds according to body size and territorial behavior during the most honeydew-limited time. Hummingbird species differed in the dally times they foraged, as well as in the location where honeydew-producing insects were visited on the trees. Temporal and spatial segregation among hummingbird species is interpreted as an adaptation to reduce the risk of aggressive encounters. This may facilitate multispecies coexistence and allow these birds to exploit honeydew more effectively