Municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion are two main forms of urban spatial expansion. Using geometric methods, this study constructed a space-time path method to characterize the space-time relation...Municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion are two main forms of urban spatial expansion. Using geometric methods, this study constructed a space-time path method to characterize the space-time relationship between municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion, and drew the space-time path sets of major prefecture level cities from 2000 to 2010 by constructing a coordinate system of the standardized built-up areas and municipal district areas. This divided them into four quadrants, namely, H-H, L-H, L-L, and H-L, based on the relative mean value to evaluate overall and individual stability by three indexes of the trajectory vectors, namely, direction, length, and slope. Results provide the following conclusions. 1) Municipal district adjustment is an effective spatial expansion way for city-scale promotion in China. Since 2000, municipal district adjustments have been mainly distributed in the eastern coastal regions and mid-western capital cities along with their surrounding cities. 2) Municipal district adjustment affects the scale and status of a city in China. Many cities that have expanded municipal districts behave stably and cross quadrants. 3) Great majority second-tier cities have effectively promoted their scale and status through municipal district adjustment. The municipal district adjustment of medium and small cities in the mid-west area is relatively advanced compared with city development. 4) Municipal district adjustment with minimal magnitude is severely restricted from upgrading the scale and status of a city. The transformation from entirely incorporated counties or cities to municipal districts should be the mainstream in future municipal district adjustment.展开更多
Natural disasters not only result in financial loss but also the human lives. The failure of the existing buildings is one of the primary concerns for the damage to human lives. In order to plan a disaster free city p...Natural disasters not only result in financial loss but also the human lives. The failure of the existing buildings is one of the primary concerns for the damage to human lives. In order to plan a disaster free city proper planning of the buildings ＆ infrastructure along with the associated information of non-spatial attributes are needed. The present paper highlights the application of satellite imagery for feature extraction and storing the associated database in GIS environment which is useful for decision making in real time disaster management. The complete methodology is elaborated with the help of a case study for earthquake risk assessment of Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation （MIDC）, Akola, Maharashtra, India region. For the better and precise work 0.5 m. resolution imagery is utilized for extracting the buildings ＆ other infrastructure features. The structural and non-structural details of the buildings are stored as back end for possible vulnerability assessment, suitable planning and preparedness against the hazard. The extracted building features in the planned area have been given suitable weightages for Vulnerability Indexing. Based on suggested indexing approach possible retrofitting measures from the developed database can be recommended for the existing buildings in the proposed location of research. The proposed approach can further be extended for the entire infrastructure of the nation where the centralized data can be made available with Emergency Operation Centre for further planning ＆ preparedness to make the nation disaster free.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41371178,41471126)
文摘Municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion are two main forms of urban spatial expansion. Using geometric methods, this study constructed a space-time path method to characterize the space-time relationship between municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion, and drew the space-time path sets of major prefecture level cities from 2000 to 2010 by constructing a coordinate system of the standardized built-up areas and municipal district areas. This divided them into four quadrants, namely, H-H, L-H, L-L, and H-L, based on the relative mean value to evaluate overall and individual stability by three indexes of the trajectory vectors, namely, direction, length, and slope. Results provide the following conclusions. 1) Municipal district adjustment is an effective spatial expansion way for city-scale promotion in China. Since 2000, municipal district adjustments have been mainly distributed in the eastern coastal regions and mid-western capital cities along with their surrounding cities. 2) Municipal district adjustment affects the scale and status of a city in China. Many cities that have expanded municipal districts behave stably and cross quadrants. 3) Great majority second-tier cities have effectively promoted their scale and status through municipal district adjustment. The municipal district adjustment of medium and small cities in the mid-west area is relatively advanced compared with city development. 4) Municipal district adjustment with minimal magnitude is severely restricted from upgrading the scale and status of a city. The transformation from entirely incorporated counties or cities to municipal districts should be the mainstream in future municipal district adjustment.
文摘Natural disasters not only result in financial loss but also the human lives. The failure of the existing buildings is one of the primary concerns for the damage to human lives. In order to plan a disaster free city proper planning of the buildings ＆ infrastructure along with the associated information of non-spatial attributes are needed. The present paper highlights the application of satellite imagery for feature extraction and storing the associated database in GIS environment which is useful for decision making in real time disaster management. The complete methodology is elaborated with the help of a case study for earthquake risk assessment of Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation （MIDC）, Akola, Maharashtra, India region. For the better and precise work 0.5 m. resolution imagery is utilized for extracting the buildings ＆ other infrastructure features. The structural and non-structural details of the buildings are stored as back end for possible vulnerability assessment, suitable planning and preparedness against the hazard. The extracted building features in the planned area have been given suitable weightages for Vulnerability Indexing. Based on suggested indexing approach possible retrofitting measures from the developed database can be recommended for the existing buildings in the proposed location of research. The proposed approach can further be extended for the entire infrastructure of the nation where the centralized data can be made available with Emergency Operation Centre for further planning ＆ preparedness to make the nation disaster free.
